This licentiate thesis is concerned with the development of appropriate tools and implementation of hybrid e-learning to support science and mathematics education of female students in typical rural advanced-level secondary schools. In Uganda few rural female students participate in technology and engineering education in tertiary institutions because they perform poorly in science and mathematics subjects at advanced secondary school level of education. Rural secondary schools in Uganda are usually very poor and financially constrained schools. Generally, such schools have non-functional science laboratories and libraries. They also have difficulty in attracting and retaining qualified science and mathematics teachers, especially at advanced level of secondary education. The financial situations of the schools make capital investments in science infrastructures like laboratories and libraries impossible. Fortunately, such schools can afford to acquire computers preferably with multimedia capabilities. Hybrid e-learning can be introduced in such disadvantaged schools to support science and mathematics education. The main delivery tools under hybrid e-learning are the CD-ROMs due to their superior advantages over other portable storage devices: big memory capacity, high data transfer rate, multimedia capability and widespread standardization. Used computers with inferior capabilities that are being sold to rural schools cheaply are not useful for educational purposes. The cost of acquisition is low but the total cost of ownership is extremely high. The costs of Internet installation, bandwidth, commercial platforms and web-hosting make introduction of pure e-learning in Ugandan schools not viable, even in educationally elite secondary schools. Hybrid elearnin is the only realistic option in the complex financial situation of Ugandan secondary schools. Experience has shown that where there is Internet presence for use in education, open source web-hosting providers and open source platforms must be used. They are cheap and affordable even by poor rural secondary schools. Hybrid e-learning tools were developed to support such Ugandan schools using participatory methodology. The thesis is organized in three parts. Part I consists of six chapters including background information, concept discussions, problem statement, research questions, objectives of the study and research location. A justification of the use of participatory methodology in the research is also made in part I. Part II includes the four papers upon which the thesis is based. Part III contains a brief summary of the papers, conclusions and future research.

The purpose of this research study was to identify the current self-reported technology leadership behaviors of principals in one public-school division in Virginia. Additionally, this study identified the difference, if any, in the self-reported technology leadership behaviors of principals across principal and school demographics. For this study Technology leadership was defined as "leadership practices and behaviors that support effective teaching and learning with technology as characterized by the ISTE-EL standards" (Schoenbart, 2019, p. 9). This quantitative descriptive study examined the essential role of principals as leaders responsible for successfully implementing technology integration plans. The researcher collected data via the Education Leaders Technology Survey (ELTS), developed by Dr. Adam Schoenbart, which assessed the 2018 International Society for Technology Education ¬Standards for Education Leaders (Schoenbart, 2019). Overall, the researcher used technology leadership scores and demographic data to describe principal technology leadership behaviors related to the following research questions: (1) To what extent do principals report exhibiting technology leadership behaviors? (2) What are the differences in reported principal technology leadership behaviors, if any, across the following demographic factors? (2a) principal demographic groups of gender identity, age, years of experience. (2b) school demographic groups of school type, size, community technology access, and socioeconomic status. The findings of the study suggested that principals (n = 23) are somewhat exhibiting technology leadership behavior and there is no difference in technology leadership behavior across principal or school demographic groups. Based on the finding of this study several implications for practice and recommendations for future research developed. / Doctor of Education / The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has forced businesses, government organizations, churches and schools across the United States of America. In a matter of days, COVID-19 has dismantled traditional educational structures and school leaders at all levels have been forced into becoming technology leaders. Though schools are closed, the expectation of teaching and learning are still present and have transitioned to completely online environments. It is up to school leaders to guide school communities into virtual learning, but are principals prepared? This study examined the current technology leadership of principals in one public-school division in Virginia. Additionally, this study examined if a difference existed in principal reported technology leadership across principal and school demographic groups. Technology leadership can be summarized as practices that support effective teaching and learning with technology. Principal technology leadership scores were calculated based on responses to the online Education Leaders Technology Survey developed by Dr. Adam Schoenbart in 2019. The Education Leaders Technology Survey measured self-reported principal technology leadership based on the 2018 International Society for Technology in Education Standards for Education Leaders (Schoenbart, 2019). The results of this study indicated that principals report somewhat demonstrating technology leadership and report having a slightly higher opportunity to demonstrate technology leadership in their schools. Study findings also indicate that there are no differences in principal reported technology leadership across principal or school demographic groups. Based on the findings, several recommendations for principals, division leaders and principal preparation programs were made along with recommendations for future research on this topic.

The thesis is dealing with the concept of Green IT (reffered to, in some of the documents, as the Green ICT) and its relation to the MMDIS methodology. The term Green IT appears in connection to the sustainable development of information systems of organizations and companies. The thesis is dealing with the concept of Green IT (reffered to, in some of the documents, as the Green ICT) and its relation to the MMDIS methodology. The term Green IT appears in connection to the sustainable development of information systems of organizations and companies. The thesis introduction explains this concept, and then describes its historical development, status, metrics, and legislation related to it. Further, the reader is made familiar with the enterprise/company/notsure information systems and their architecture, efficiency and benefits they have for the companies. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the issue of MMDIS, and briefly introduces it to the readers. The next part of the thesis then compares selected countries, Europe, UK and China, in terms of their legislation concerning the environment and Green IT. At the end of this chapter there is a comparison of these countries through the use of the so-called green metrics. The the second to last part of the thesis is then devoted to recherche of different frameworks for the implementation of Green IT into the company, from their analysis I then formulate steps that should help businesses with the implementation of Green IT. The last part assesses the continuity of Green IT on the MMDIS methodology, both in terms of the dimensions, and also in terms of the stages of the application lifecycle.

Inligting en kommunikasietegnologie (IKT) vorm ‘n belangrike komponent van effektiewe onderrig en leer. Ten spyte van die gedokumenteerde voordele wat IKT vir onderrig en leer inhou, bly IKT–integrering in skole steeds gebrekkig. Die implementering van IKT om onderrig en leer oor ‘n wye reeks van leerareas te bevorder en uit te brei, blyk ‘n groot uitdaging by meeste skole te wees. Faktore soos fiskale verpligtinge, ruimtelike hindernisse, ondoeltreffende en gebrekkige infrastruktuur en swak koördinering ondermyn meeste pogings tot effektiewe en volhoubare IKT–gebruik. Onderwysers wat begin het om IKT in hul onderrigpraktyke toe te pas, verlang verskillende vorms van ondersteuning, insluitend die van tegniese en implementeringsondersteuning. Die SITES modules help om die pad na volhoubare IKT–gebruik in Suid–Afrika aan te dui deur die vernaamste studies plaaslik en internasionaal uiteen te sit, beste praktyke te beklemtoon en die noodsaaklikheid van tegnologiekoördineerders te bevestig. Die doel van die navorsing is gefokus op die rol wat die tegnologiekoördineerder vertolk in die implementering en benutting van IKT in Suid Afrikaanse skole. Hierdie inligting kan nuttig wees om huidige onderrig en leerpraktyke in oënskou te neem en om ingeligte besluite rakende effektiewe en volhoubare IKT–gebruik in onderrig en leer te neem. Die studie is gebaseer op die bevindinge van die derde SITES studie (SITES 2006), wat ‘n internasionale kwantitatiewe opname oor die pedagogiese praktyke en gebruike van IKT met betrekking tot die 21ste eeuse leervaardighede in skole. Die studie het ‘n SDA metodologie van die Suid Afrikaanse tegnologiekoördineerders gevolg. Aangesien Suid–Afrika aan al drie studies deelgeneem het kon uit die literatuur longitudinale tendense aangedui word met betrekking tot IKT–gebruik in Suid–Afrikaanse skole. Tydens die SDA is beskrywende statistiek uitgevoer en kruistabulerings bereken om betekenisvolle korrelasies tussen veranderlikes te bepaal. Alhoewel meeste tegnologiekoördineerders aangetoon het dat die gebruik van IKT relevant is binne hulle skole, is die vlak van IKT–gebruik binne vakverband besonder laag weens talle struikelblokke wat die gebruik van IKT in skole belemmer. Daar is ‘n beperkte hoeveelheid rekenaars en skootrekenaars beskikbaar per skool. By die meeste skole tree onderwysers op as tegnologiekoördineerders wat ook dan verantwoordelikheid aanvaar vir die instandhouding van die rekenaars. Die tegnologiekoördineerder se pligte en verantwoordelikheid bestaan hoofsaaklik uit die onderrig van ander vakke en relatief min tyd word gewy aan IKTkursusse vir leerders en onderwysers, en juis daarom is die formele rol wat die tegnologiekoördineerder vertolk betreklik laag. Hoewel onderwysers in die meeste skole optree as tegnologiekoördineerders, ontvang hulle kommerwekkend min professionele onderwysersontwikkeling (POO). Die studie toon aan dat onderwysers onvoldoende tegniese ondersteuning ontvang. Tegnologiekoördineerders het betreklik min periodes per week tot hul beskikking om IKT–ondersteuning aan te bied. Prakties betekenisvolle korrelasies tussen die gebruik van IKT in die onderrig en leer van leerareas hang af van die beskikbaarheid van IKT–toerusting. Die gebruik van IKT in die onderrig en leer van leerareas, is in ‘n sekere mate afhanklik van die beskikbaarheid van IKT ondersteuning vir meeste van die verskillende aktiwiteite wat by skole plaasvind. Vir effektiewe en volhoubare IKT–gebruik is dit belangrik dat die onderwysers tegniese– en POO ontvang en dit sal vereis dat die tegnologiekoördineerder ‘n meer prominente rol vervul in Suid Afrikaanse skole. Tegnologiekoördineerders speel ‘n toonaangewende rol in die koördinering, instandhouding, ondersteuning en bemagtiging van fasiliteite en gebruikers by onderwysinstellings. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

Inligting en kommunikasietegnologie (IKT) vorm ‘n belangrike komponent van effektiewe onderrig en leer. Ten spyte van die gedokumenteerde voordele wat IKT vir onderrig en leer inhou, bly IKT–integrering in skole steeds gebrekkig. Die implementering van IKT om onderrig en leer oor ‘n wye reeks van leerareas te bevorder en uit te brei, blyk ‘n groot uitdaging by meeste skole te wees. Faktore soos fiskale verpligtinge, ruimtelike hindernisse, ondoeltreffende en gebrekkige infrastruktuur en swak koördinering ondermyn meeste pogings tot effektiewe en volhoubare IKT–gebruik. Onderwysers wat begin het om IKT in hul onderrigpraktyke toe te pas, verlang verskillende vorms van ondersteuning, insluitend die van tegniese en implementeringsondersteuning. Die SITES modules help om die pad na volhoubare IKT–gebruik in Suid–Afrika aan te dui deur die vernaamste studies plaaslik en internasionaal uiteen te sit, beste praktyke te beklemtoon en die noodsaaklikheid van tegnologiekoördineerders te bevestig. Die doel van die navorsing is gefokus op die rol wat die tegnologiekoördineerder vertolk in die implementering en benutting van IKT in Suid Afrikaanse skole. Hierdie inligting kan nuttig wees om huidige onderrig en leerpraktyke in oënskou te neem en om ingeligte besluite rakende effektiewe en volhoubare IKT–gebruik in onderrig en leer te neem. Die studie is gebaseer op die bevindinge van die derde SITES studie (SITES 2006), wat ‘n internasionale kwantitatiewe opname oor die pedagogiese praktyke en gebruike van IKT met betrekking tot die 21ste eeuse leervaardighede in skole. Die studie het ‘n SDA metodologie van die Suid Afrikaanse tegnologiekoördineerders gevolg. Aangesien Suid–Afrika aan al drie studies deelgeneem het kon uit die literatuur longitudinale tendense aangedui word met betrekking tot IKT–gebruik in Suid–Afrikaanse skole. Tydens die SDA is beskrywende statistiek uitgevoer en kruistabulerings bereken om betekenisvolle korrelasies tussen veranderlikes te bepaal. Alhoewel meeste tegnologiekoördineerders aangetoon het dat die gebruik van IKT relevant is binne hulle skole, is die vlak van IKT–gebruik binne vakverband besonder laag weens talle struikelblokke wat die gebruik van IKT in skole belemmer. Daar is ‘n beperkte hoeveelheid rekenaars en skootrekenaars beskikbaar per skool. By die meeste skole tree onderwysers op as tegnologiekoördineerders wat ook dan verantwoordelikheid aanvaar vir die instandhouding van die rekenaars. Die tegnologiekoördineerder se pligte en verantwoordelikheid bestaan hoofsaaklik uit die onderrig van ander vakke en relatief min tyd word gewy aan IKTkursusse vir leerders en onderwysers, en juis daarom is die formele rol wat die tegnologiekoördineerder vertolk betreklik laag. Hoewel onderwysers in die meeste skole optree as tegnologiekoördineerders, ontvang hulle kommerwekkend min professionele onderwysersontwikkeling (POO). Die studie toon aan dat onderwysers onvoldoende tegniese ondersteuning ontvang. Tegnologiekoördineerders het betreklik min periodes per week tot hul beskikking om IKT–ondersteuning aan te bied. Prakties betekenisvolle korrelasies tussen die gebruik van IKT in die onderrig en leer van leerareas hang af van die beskikbaarheid van IKT–toerusting. Die gebruik van IKT in die onderrig en leer van leerareas, is in ‘n sekere mate afhanklik van die beskikbaarheid van IKT ondersteuning vir meeste van die verskillende aktiwiteite wat by skole plaasvind. Vir effektiewe en volhoubare IKT–gebruik is dit belangrik dat die onderwysers tegniese– en POO ontvang en dit sal vereis dat die tegnologiekoördineerder ‘n meer prominente rol vervul in Suid Afrikaanse skole. Tegnologiekoördineerders speel ‘n toonaangewende rol in die koördinering, instandhouding, ondersteuning en bemagtiging van fasiliteite en gebruikers by onderwysinstellings. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

As rapid technological development constantly drives and reshapes the economy, it is vital for learners and teachers to be highly proficient in the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The data collected revealed that the barriers to ICT integration can be viewed as deprivation to both teachers and learners, especially those with diverse disabilities and learning difficulties. ICT implementation is therefore more than just change driven by technology. It is an opportunity to assist everyone, including people from all income groups, policy-makers and leaders to support converging technologies to create a more inclusive and humane future. The research was designed as a case study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, lesson observations were undertaken and qualitative questionnaires were administered as methods of data collection. The research population included principals and ICT teachers in the Manzini Region. The sample was made up of two principals and 13 teachers. The data was transcribed and presented as raw data and thereafter analysed thematically. The data collected was analysed qualitatively. The findings of the study were that the factors influencing ICT implementation in inclusive primary schools in Eswatini included a lack of skills and knowledge from teachers; the lack of teaching and learning time allocated to ICT; insufficient teaching and learning materials; a lack of motivation and an insufficient number of teachers. Other factors included the lack of support and collaboration from principals and the Government of Eswatini. In view of the above factors, some recommendations were made, namely, that the Ministry of Education should reintroduce ICT in all inclusive primary schools. The schools that offer ICT should consider increasing the time allocated for ICT and enhance Continuous Professional Development (CPD) for ICT teachers. They should also provide for learners with diverse disabilities and learning difficulties a variety of teaching materials such as assistive devices to enhance teaching and learning. / Njengaloku kutfutfuka ngekushesha kwetebuchwephesHe kuchubeka kucondzisa futsi kwakhA kabusha nemnotfo, kumcoka kutsi bothishela nebafundzi babe nelikhono leliphakeme lekusebentisa Lwatiso neKuchumana ngeTebuchwepheshe (i-ICT). Ledatha legcogciwe ivete kutsi tihibe tekuhlanganisa i-ICT tingabukwa njengekuncisha bothishela nebafundzi, ikakhulu kubafundzi labaphila nekukhubateka lokwehlukahlukene kanye nebulukhuni ekufundzeni. Kufezekiswa kwekusetjentiswa kwe-ICT ngako-ke kungetulu kwekutsi nje kuchutjwa ingucuko yetebuchwepheshe, kodvwa kulitfuba lekusita wonkhe umuntfu, lokufaka ekhatsi bantfu lababuya kuwo onkhe emacembu etemnotfo, labo lababhala tinchubomgmo nebaholi, kutsi basekele kuhlanganiswa kwetebuchwepheshe kute kudaleke likusasa lelifaka lonkhe luntfu. Lolucwaningo luhlelwe njengesifundvolucwaningo lwesehlakalo. Kubanjwe emainthaviyu buso nebuso, kwentiwa sifundvo sekucaphela kanye nemaphephambuto elizingasimo njengetindlela tekugcogca idatha. Linanibantfu lalolucwaningo lifaka ekhatsi bothishelanhloko kanye nabothishela labafundzisa i-ICT eSigodzini sakaManzini Eswatini. Lesamphuli yakhiwa bothishelanhloko lababili kanye nabothishela laba-13. Ledatha yabhalwa yetfulwa njengaloko injalo ingakahlutwa kwase kutsi-ke emva kwaloko yahlatiywa ngekwengcikitsi. Ledatha leyagcogcwa yahlatiywa ngekwelizingasimo. Lokutfolwe ngulesifundvolucwaningo kutsi timbangela letinemtselela ekufezekiseni kusetjentiswa kwe-ICT etikolweni temabanga laphansi letifaka wonkhe wonkhe Eswayini, kufaka ekhatsi kuswelakala kwemakhono nelwati kubothishela; sikhatsi sekufundzisa nekufundza lesinganeli lesiphakelwa kufundziswa kwe-ICT; ticukatsilwati tekufundzisa nekufundza letingakaneli; kubete umdlandla kanye nelinani lelingakaneli labothishela. Lenye imbangela kungabikhona kwekusekelwa nekuhlanganyela lokuvela kubothishelanhloko nakuhulumende weleSwatini. Ngekubuka letimbangela letingenhla, kwentiwe-ke letincomo letilandzelako: Litiko Letemfundvo kufanele kutsi liphindze letfule i-ICT kuto tonkhe tikolo temabanga laphansi letifundzisa wonkhe wonkhe, tikolo letifundzisa i-ICT kufanele kutsi tikubheke kwengetwa kwesikhatsi sekufundzisa i-ICT kanye nekwenta ncono Kutfutfukiswa Ngalokuchubekako Kwebungcweti (i-CPD) kubothishela labafundzisa i-ICT, kantsi futsi letikolo kufanele tinake nebafundzi labaphila nekukhubateka lokwahlukahlukene nebulukhuni bekufundza ngekutsi banikwe ticukatsilwati tekufundzisa letahlukahlukene njengetisetjentiswa tekusita kute kwentiwe ncono kufundzisa nekufundza. / Jaaka lebelo la tlhabololo ya thekenoloji le tswelela go tsamaisa le go bopa ikonomi sešwa, go botlhokwa gore barutwana le barutabana ba nne le bokgoni jo bo kwa godimo mo tirisong ya Thekenoloji ya Tshedimosetso le Tlhaeletsano (ICT). Data e e kokoantsweng e senotse gore dikgoreletsi tsa kgokaganyo ya ICT di ka bonwa e le tlhaelo mo barutabaneng le barutwaneng, bogolo segolo barutwana ba ba nang le bogole jo bo farologaneng le mathata a go ithuta. Ka jalo, tsenyotirisong ya ICT ga se fela diphetogo tse di tsamaisiwang ke thekenolooji; ke tšhono ya go thusa mongwe le mongwe, go akarediwa batho go tswa ka ditlhopheng tsotlhe tsa lotseno, badiradipholisi le baeteledipele, go tshegetsa dithekenoloji tse di kopanang go tlhama isago e e akaretsang e bile e le molemo. Patlisiso e rulagantswe jaaka thutopatlisiso e e lebelelang kgetsi. Go dirilwe dipotsolotso tsa namana, go nnile le kelotlhoko ya dithuto mme go dirisitswe dipampiripotsoloto tse di lebelelang mabaka jaaka mekgwa ya go kokoanya data. Setlhophasegolo sa patlisiso se akareditse bagokgo le barutabana ba ICT kwa Kgaolong ya Manzini kwa Eswatini. Sampole e ne e dirwa ke bagokgo ba le babedi le barutabana ba le 13. Data e ne ya gatisiwa mme ya tlhagisiwa e le data e e sa fetolwang mme morago ya lokololwa go ya ka meono. Data e e kokoantsweng e lokolotswe go ya ka mabaka. Diphitlhelelo tsa thutopatlisiso e nnile gore dintlha tse di tlhotlheletsang tsenyotirisong ya ICT mo dikolong tsa poraemari tse di akaretsang kwa Eswatini di akaretsa tlhaelo ya bokgoni le kitso mo ntlheng ya barutabana; nako e e sa lekanang ya go ruta le go ithuta e e rebolelwang ICT; dimatheriale tse di sa lekanang tsa go ruta le go ithuta; tlhaelo ya thotloetso le palo e e sa lekanang ya barutabana. Ntlha e nngwe e nnile tlhaelo ya tshegetso le tirisanommogo go tswa mo bagokgong le puso ya Eswatini. Ka ntlha ya dintlha tse di fa godimo, go dirilwe dikatlenegiso tse di latelang: Lefapha la Thuto le tshwanetse go itsese sešwa ICT mo dikolong tsotlhe tsa poraemari tse di akaretsang, dikolo tse di tlamelang ka ICT di tshwanetse go akanya ka go oketsa nako e e rebolelwang ICT le go tokafatsa Tlhabololo e e Tswelelang pele ya Seporofešenale (CPD) ya barutabana ba ICT, mme dikolo tseno di tshwanetse gape go akanyetsa barutwana ba ba nang le bogole jo bo farologaneng le mathata a go ithuta ka go ba tlamela ka dimatheriale tse di farologaneng tsa go ithuta di tshwana le didiriswa tse di thusang go tokafatsa go ruta le go ithuta. / Njengoba intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe esheshayo iqhubeka nokugqugquzela nokwakha kabusha umnotho, kubalulekile ukuthi abafundi nothisha babe nekhono eliphezulu ekusebenziseni Ulwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana. Imininingwane eqoqiwe iveze ukuthi izithiyo ekuhlanganisweni zoLwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana zingabhekwa njengokuncishwa amathiba kothisha nabafundi, ikakhulukazi abafundi abanokukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene nobunzima bokufunda. Ukuqaliswa koLwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana kungaphezu nje koshintsho oluqhutshwa ezobuchwepheshe; kuyithuba lokusiza wonke umuntu, kufaka phakathi abantu abavela kuyo yonke imikhakha yabaholayo, abenza izinqubomgomo kanye nabaholi, ukusekela ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganayo ukudala ikusasa eliyinhlanganisela futhi elinobuntu. Ucwaningo lwakhiwe njengesifundo esiwucwaningo lwesigameko. Kwenziwa inhlolokhono noma zingxoxo ubuso nobuso, kwenziwa ukubhekwa kwezifundo futhi kwenziwa nemibuzo esezingeni elifanele njengezindlela zokuqoqa imininingwane. Abantu abafakwe ocwaningweni babandakanya othishanhloko kanye nothisha boLwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana esifundeni saseManzini eSwatini. Isampula yayenziwe kothishanhloko ababili nothisha abayi-13. Idatha yabhalwa futhi yethulwa njengedatha engahlungiwe futhi ngemuva kwalokho yahlaziywa ngokulandelana. Imininingwane eqoqiwe yahlaziywa ngokufanele. Okutholakele kulolu cwaningo ngukuthi izinto ezinomthelela ekusebenzeni koLwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana ezikoleni zamabanga aphansi ezibandakanya bonke abantu eSwatini zibandakanya ukuntuleka kwamakhono nolwazi kothisha; isikhathi esinganele sokufundisa nokufunda esabelwe uLwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana izinto zokufundisa nokufunda ezinganele; ukungabi nogqozi kanye nenani elinganele lothisha. Enye yezimbangela ukungabikho kokwesekwa nokusebenzisana kothishanhloko nohulumeni wase-Eswatini. Ngenxa yalezi zinto ezingenhla, kwenziwa izincomo ezilandelayo: uMnyango Wezemfundo kufanele uphinde ufake uLwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana kuzo zonke izikole zamabanga aphansi ezibandakanyekayo, izikole ezifundisa uLwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana kufanele zicabangele ukukhulisa isikhathi sokufundisa esabelwe uLwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana futhi zithuthukise Ukuthuthukiswa Okuqhubekayo Kwezobuchwepheshe kothisha boLwazi Lwezobuchwepheshe Kwezokuxhumana, futhi lezi zikole kufanele futhi zihlinzeke izitshudeni ezinokukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene nobunzima bokufunda ngendlela yezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokufundisa ezinjengamathuluzi okusiza ukuthuthukisa ukufundisa nokufunda. / M. Ed. (Inclusive Education)