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Bakgrund: Cancer är ett hälsoproblem som är stort över hela världen och mer än var tredje person riskerar att bli drabbad under sin livstid. Varje år ökar antalet människor som drabbas av cancer, men även överlevnaden ökar. Syfte: Att beskriva hur vuxna personer med obotlig cancersjukdom hanterar sin livssituation med hjälp av coping strategier vid livets slutskede samt metodologiskt granska hur undersökningsgrupp och urvalsmetod är beskrivet i granskade artiklar. Metod: En litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design som baserades på 10 artiklar med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Artiklarna hittades i databasen Pubmed. Huvudresultat: Familj, vänner och trosuppfattning var viktiga källor för att personer med obotlig cancer sjukdom skulle kunna hantera faktumet att livets slut var nära. Socialt stöd och religiös tro var nyckelkomponenterna för att personer som levde sin sista tid i livet skulle klara av att hantera sin livssituation, antingen genom att finna en mening i den pågående situationen eller genom stöd från sina nära och kära. Resultatet baserades på fyra kvantitativa artiklar och sex kvalitativa artiklar. I granskningen av de ingående artiklarnas datainsamlingsmetod framkom både urvalsmetod och undersökningsgrupp. I studierna förekommer semistrukturerade intervjuer, strukturerade intervjuer och enkäter. Slutsats: Coping strategier i form av socialt stöd och religiöst stöd var nyckelkomponenter för att personer med obotlig cancersjukdom skulle klara av att hantera sin sista tid i livet. Personerna såg olika på komponenterna, vilka coping strategier de använde och vilka som fungerade, men även vilket stöd som var av betydelse. De flesta personerna upplevde att stöd från familj och anhöriga var viktigt för att kunna hantera livets slutskede, men likaså stödet från en religiös bakgrund. / Background: Cancer is a major health problem worldwide and more than every third person has got the risk to get cancer during their lifetime. The number of people getting diagnosed with cancer is increasing, but the survival rate is increasing as well. Aim: To describe how adults with incurable cancer manage their lives with the help of coping strategies at the end of life as well as methodologically review how the selection of the study group and the selection method in the reviewed articles were described. Method: A literature study with a descriptive design based on ten articles with both qualitative and quantitative approach. The articles were found in the database PubMed. Findings: Family, friends and religious beliefs were important sources for people with terminally ill cancer to cope with the fact that life was about to come to an end. Social support and religious beliefs were the main important facts for the people who were facing end of life to be able to cope with their situation, either trying to find meaning in the current situation or through support from loved ones. The findings were based on four quantitave articles and six qualitative articles. The selection of the study group and the selection method in the reviewed articles were described in each article. The data collection methods that the included articles used were semistructed interwievs, unstructed interwievs and surveys. Conclusion: Coping strategies as in social support and religious support were the main facts for people to cope with end of life. People had different views on both of the facts, which coping strategies they used and which ones that worked, but also what kind of support that was more important. Most of the people felt that support from family and friends were important to have so that they could cope with the end of life, but religious support was just as much important.

This study has a twofold purpose. The first is to determine the consequences related to labeling deviant behaviors, especially as these effects are reflected in the person who labels and defines deviant behavior. The second is to evaluate the medical model of abnormality in relation to the labeling of deviant behavior.

This study is concerned with determining the relationship among functional educational level of groups, three types of reinforcement, and length of the study and with their resulting effects on schizophrenic performance.

M.P.H., Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011

"The purpose of this study was to determine the significant differences between the responses of principal relatives of newly hospitalized male mental patients, to different form letters from the Social Service Department at The Bryce Hospital, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. These responses were dichotomized by: (1) the responses of the relatives who received the original Social Service form letter; and (2) the responses of the relatives who received the revised version of the aforementioned form letter, which was reconstructed by the author of this study to include the application of selected basic social casework principles to its content"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "August, 1961." / "Submitted to the Graduate School of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Work." / Advisor: Howard Borsuk, Professor Directing Study. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-57).

"The Clinic's interest in the problem of withdrawals led to the development of this study. The purpose was to attempt to discern some of the possible factors pertaining to the failure of forty-eight patients to return to the Clinic following the evaluation interview and offer of treatment. It was believed that an analysis of certain data obtained from the case records of the Clinic through use of a case reading schedule of eleven items and follow-up interviews with a group of twenty patients who did not return to the Clinic for the recommended treatment, would give some indication of the possible factors involved. An analysis of these data may lead to more knowledge of some of the factors involved when patients fail to return and will aid the Clinic in ascertaining whether the loss of patients was due to procedures within the agency setting, factors within the patient and his environment, or perhaps a combination of both"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "June, 1961." / "Submitted to the Graduate School of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Work." / Advisor: Helen M. Manahan, Professor Directing Study. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-75).

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