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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Inventário científico do Brasil no século XVIII: a contribuição de Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira para o conhecimento da natureza e dos índios

Verran, Rossana Samarani January 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T18:59:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000387370-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 1400098 bytes, checksum: d792a4ac75b2ac0f240bd0c5b1f41f83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / The main objective of this research is to present a suggestion of analyzes of a documentation related to “Philosophical Trip to Jurisdictional Provinces in Grã-Pará, Rio Negro, Mato Grosso and Cuiabá” that was organized by the Portuguese Crown whose leader was Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira - from 1783 to1792. We took into consideration the theoretical and methodological presuppositions of the History of Ideas. The object studied were the ideas that go beyond the individual person or the specific field of knowledge – its reflections can be observed in groups as well as in social movements. In the XVIII century, the conceptions of the modern science surpassed the limits of the specific science of nature – its reflections were of an ample spectrum. The new physics theories, after the summary of Newton’s thoughts, demonstrated a brand new way to explain the phenomenon of nature and also the prediction of the future that were not known before. The Portuguese Absolutist State based its political and administrative actions on the former ideas. In this study, we have to highlight the Reformation of Coimbra University as well as the creation of the Natural Philosophy Course. After the naturalist, Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira, graduated, he was chosen the leader of the scientific expedition to Amazon and Central West regions in Brazil in order to inventory all natural resources in the country, to draw up maps, to fix the boundaries of the colonial territory that belonged to the Portuguese Crown and also to investigate the Indians’ culture. The naturalist had all the knowledge acquired at University of Coimbra to achieve his objectives. His research followed rigorous procedures of the scientific method that was being used at that time. The classifications of animals and plants were based on Lineu’s binary system of nomenclature, the empirical observation was based on the analysis and the descriptions showed objectivity. While analyzing the Indian culture, the same scientific parameters were applied. However, in the contact with the other, many complex questions were trigged that could not easily be explained by the scientific knowledge of the XVIII century. Thus, the empirical basis substituted the theory, and the naturalist just observed and described his object of study – that was the Indian. / A tese apresenta uma proposta de análise da documentação referente à “Viagem Filosófica pelas capitanias do Grão-Pará, Rio Negro, Mato Grosso e Cuiabá” empreendida pela Coroa Portuguesa e chefiada por Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira entre os anos de 1783 e 1792. Parte-se dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da História das Idéias, para a qual o objeto de estudo são as idéias que, para além de um indivíduo ou de um campo de conhecimento específico, atingem grupos e movimentos sociais. A idéia de ciência moderna, no século XVIII, havia ultrapassado os limites do campo específico das ciências da natureza, alcançando grande difusão. As novas teorias da física após a síntese newtoniana demonstraram uma capacidade de explicação dos fenômenos da natureza e de previsão do futuro anteriormente desconhecidas. O Estado Absolutista Português pautou suas ações político-administrativas nestas idéias, para o assunto da tese importa lembrar a Reforma da Universidade de Coimbra e a conseqüente criação do Curso de Filosofia Natural. Assim que se formou, o naturalista Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira foi escolhido para chefiar uma expedição científica pelas regiões da Amazônia e Centro-Oeste do Brasil com o objetivo de inventariar todos os recursos naturais do país; de elaborar mapas e fazer a demarcação do território colonial pertencente à Coroa Portuguesa e de investigar a cultura indígena. Em sua bagagem o naturalista levou os conhecimentos obtidos nos anos de estudo em Coimbra. Sua pesquisa seguiu rigorosamente os procedimentos do método científico da época. As classificações de animais e plantas basearam-se no sistema de nomenclatura binária de Lineu, a observação empírica fundamentou as análises e as descrições demonstravam objetividade. Na análise da cultura indígena, os mesmos parâmetros científicos foram utilizados.O contato com a alteridade, no entanto, suscitou questões complexas que não poderiam facilmente ser elucidadas pelo conhecimento científico do século XVIII, nestes momentos a empiria substituiu a teoria e o naturalista limitou-se a observar e descrever seu objeto de estudo: o índio.

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