Biological and cultural control tactics are available for many agricultural pests but insecticides still play an important role in the rapid reduction of pest incidence when damage reaches economic levels. Laboratory and field toxicities of the reduced-risk products spinetoram and flubendiamide to Itame argillacearia (blueberry spanworm) was compared to deltamethrin, a conventional synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. In laboratory experiments, I. argillacearia larvae were highly susceptible to spinetoram and flubendiamide, and efficacy in the field was comparable to that of deltamethrin. Lethal and sublethal effects of the biopesticide formulations of Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus subtilis, and spirotetramat, a new tetramic acid insecticide, to bumble bees, Bombus impatiens, were also assessed. When ingested, field rates of spirotetramat caused high mortality after a week, and B. subtilis significantly reduced drone production. Field rates of spirotetramat, when applied topically, reduced drone production, but drone production varied following topical treatments of either biopesticide.

When considering how insecticides impact beneficial insects, in addition to direct mortality, we need to assess sublethal effects on population numbers which reduce the efficacy of the predators and parasitoids in reducing pest insects. The physiological sublethal effects can result in reduced longevity and reproduction. Understanding the sublethal effects of insecticides on beneficial insects is important in agroecosystems, especially in the context of natural biological control which aims to augment endemic natural enemies. The objective of this research study was to evaluate the environmental effects of insecticides on non target predator and parasitoid insects, combining the review of the literature and the synthesis of both a laboratory and a field research study. The lab study considered the effects of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin on three natural enemies of Russian wheat aphid; the field study considered the effects of chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, cyhalothrin-lambda and imidacloprid on ground dwelling arthropods in a Canola field.

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Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

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Typescript. Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii, 1954. Bibliography: leaves [156]-159.

Thesis (M.S.)--Baylor University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-46).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio state University, 1924. / Autobiography. "Reprinted from the Ohio journal of science, vol. XXVIII, no. 1, January, 1928." Bibliography: p. 38.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Entomology, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 9, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 146-160). Also issued in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-102).