Lwethulwa ukufeza izidingo zeziqu zobudokotela kwinzululwazi (Doctor of Philosophy) emnyangweni wezilimi zomdabu namasiko enyuvesi yaKwaZulu, 2017. / Lolu cwaningo lubheka injula ngenjumbane eyethulwa ngu-J.C Buthelezi emsebenzini osihloko sithi: Impi YaboMdabu Isethunjini. Isahluko sokuqala sibeke isethulo socwaningo esihlelwe ngokulandela lezi zihlokwana: Isingeniso, intshisekelo yocwaningo, izinhloso zocwaningo, izindlela zokuqhuba ucwaningo, imiklamo yocwaningo, imibono yongoti, abazohlomula kulolu cwaningo, uhlaka lwezahluko kanye nesiphetho. Isahluko sesibili sibheka izinsizakuhlaziya kanye nemibono yongoti. Lezi zinsizakuhlaziya zibe yisisekelo ekuthululeni le njula yenjumbane ekule noveli kaShenge. Insizakuhlaziya eyasungulwa e-Afrika ibheka ukubaluleka kokuzazi kanye nokuzigabisa ngokuba ngumnsinsi wokuzimilela e-Afrika. Insizakuhlaziya ebhekela abesifazane idingide imibono mayelana namalungelo abesifazane kanti insizakuhlaziya eyasungulwa ngu-Karl Marx imelene nenqubo yobungxiwankulu. Kule nsizakuhlaziya u-Karl Marx umelene nokuxhashazwa kwabasebenzi ezimbonini. Isahluko sesithathu simayelana nokuhlaziywa kwenjula ekule noveli kaButhelezi. Sidingida kabanzi ngempucuko yaseNtshonalanga esizweni samaZulu. Indikimba kulesi sahluko ubandlululo lwabaMhlophe olwalubhekiswe kwabaNsundu. Kubhekwa ukuthi lolu bandlululo lwaba namiphi imithelela ekuhlelekeni kwemindeni yabaNsundu, ukuganana, ukukhuliswa kwezingane, imfundo kanye nenkolo. Isahluko sesine sibheka injula equkethwe ngamagama abalingiswa kule noveli. Kunenkolelo yokuthi iyamangalisa injula yomlando equkethwe emagameni esiNtu ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Kulesi sahluko kuvezwa ubuchule bukaShenge ekwetheni amagama agqamisa umongo wale noveli okuwubandlululo kanye nomyalezo afisa ukuwudlulisela esizweni esiNsundu. Isahluko sesihlanu kulapho kusongwa khona ucwaningo. Kucutshungulwe kwahlaziywa imiphumela yocwaningo. Kuhlaluke obala injula yenjumbane eyethulwe nguButhelezi kule noveli. Kubuye kwenziwa izincomo ekulungiseni umonakalo owadalwa ubandlululo. Esiphethweni kugcizelelwe iqhaza elingabanjwa yizifundiswa zabaNsundu kule mpi yaboMdabu esethunjini.

MA (Anthropolgy) / Centre for African Studies / Commemorative structures like walls of remembrance, statues and monuments are representatives of social narratives and they usually represent the current political order. They also represent heroes deemed important by the current political regime. These structures, together with the corresponding narrative, can either be of local, regional or national importance. Nghunghunyani was a Gaza Nguni king who reigned in southern Mozambique in 19th century. His statue in the town of Giyani is a case in point. Nghunghunyani fought wars and entered into negotiations with the Portuguese in southern Mozambique in order to keep the land of his forefathers. However, the erection of his statue sparked controversy and has been met with resentment and rejection among the people of the region where it has been placed. This study aimed to elucidate the reasons behind the resentment and the rejection of the statue. This was done by examining the history of the homeland of Gazankulu and of the clans of the region in order to understand the ethnic enclaves of the Tsonga and the Shangaan, and the political undercurrents involved in the erection of a statue which is undeniably of national significance, but problematic locally and regionally. As heroes are imbedded in collective memory and collective narratives, the theory of collective memory following on Maurice Halbwachs was used. The discussion on ethnicity was directed by the ethnicity theories of Webber and Geertz. The interview was employed as the tool for collecting data, which elucidated that Nghunghunyani is not part of their founding heroes and that their praise poems do not include this historical figure. It appears that in as much as Nghunghunyani is a regional hero, his representation in Giyani is clouding the real history of the region and the debates are clouding the hero that King Nghunghunyani was. The study unveiled that Nghunghunyani is a nationally celebrated hero who cannot be contextualised positively in the local context amongst Tsonga speaking tribes and chiefdoms due to the nature of the hostile historical relationship between the ancestors of these groups and the Gaza Nguni.