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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The price and income elasticity of demand for small houses in Swedish municipalities.

Hörnell, David January 2022 (has links)
The housing market is one of the most important markets for many economic agents. Large differences in the local market across Sweden suggest regional heterogeneity, however. This study aims to answer if the price and income elasticities of demand for small houses vary between different types of Swedish municipalities. This answer is explored in the light of the central place theory and location theory to see if they follow a hierarchal structure across space. To test this empirically, the 290 municipalities were grouped based on the Swedish Association of Local Authority and Regions’ definitions and tested group-wise using a log-log fixed-effect average hedonic price model using data for 2013-2020. The main findings indicate some differences in the estimates of price and income elasticities between different types of municipalities, but mixing results whether they follow a hierarchal relationship. The conclusions changes depending on which scale one measure, which indicate how local the housing market is.
2

Padrões de orçamento familiar: uma análise mercadológica

Silva, Hermes Moretti Ribeiro da 23 July 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:08:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 71050100647.pdf: 1099460 bytes, checksum: 66dd2618070b80178bdc12169ac39af6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-23T00:00:00Z / It is becoming more and more recognizable that different family budget categories dispute the limited resources of a family. This suggests a broader and more systemic competition view, once consumer spending on a determined sector may be better understood if related to other sectors. Thus, it is reasonable to concentrate studies in the manifestation of the buyer behavior, expressed by the family budget, whereas priority/vital-based decisions are established according to how the consumers distribute their resources in great categories of expenses (food, housing, transportation, clothing, leisure etc). In this context, the main objective of this research is outlined, which is to investigate the phenomenon of the allocation of such expenses that compose the family budget, identifying patterns, market segmentation and its implication in Marketing. The theoretical referential is divided in three great parts: market segmentation, family budget, and the economic and socio-demographic factors that relate to the family budget. Maslow’s Classic Hierarchy of Needs is approached, along with themes from economics literature such as Engel’s Law and Income-elasticity of Demand. Using data collected from a sample of families in the State of São Paulo and applying Cluster Analysis, this study aims to bring a perspective that is more influenced by the paradigms of the market knowledge by identifying and characterizing market segments with distinctive patterns of family budget. A taxonomy based on six patterns was formed, which are: survival, ill, economic, domestic, well being and automobile. Each pattern analysis enhances economic and socio-demographic similarities and differences that demand the attention of researchers and marketing strategists concerning the generalization problems, which may result in mistakes in market segmentation strategies. Discussions concerning the Maslow’s Theory and Engel’s law are made. Furthermore, taxonomy of family expenses classified by the income-elasticity among the six identified family budget patterns is proposed. This taxonomy helps clarify changes in consuming behavior according to the impact in income alterations in the composition of the family budget. Finally, results reinforce the thesis that patterns in family expenses allocation present an innovative and useful dimension for studies in market segmentation. / Cada vez mais se reconhece que as diferentes categorias do orçamento familiar disputam recursos limitados de uma família. Isto sugere uma visão mais ampla e sistêmica de concorrência, já que os gastos dos consumidores em um determinado setor poderão ser melhor compreendidos se relacionados com os de outros setores. Faz sentido, então, concentrar estudos na própria manifestação do comportamento de compra, expressa pelo orçamento familiar, visto que as decisões mais prioritárias (vitais) estão estabelecidas na forma como o consumidor distribui seus recursos nas grandes categorias de despesa (alimentação, habitação, transporte, vestuário, lazer etc). Neste contexto delineia-se o principal objetivo desta tese que é investigar o fenômeno da alocação de despesas que compõem o orçamento familiar, identificando padrões, segmentos de mercado e suas implicações para o Marketing. O referencial teórico divide-se em três grandes partes: a segmentação de mercado, o orçamento familiar e os fatores econômicos e sócio-demográficos que se relacionam com o orçamento familiar. A clássica Hierarquia das Necessidades de Maslow é abordada, além de temas oriundos da literatura de economia como as Leis de Engel e elasticidade-renda da demanda. Utilizando dados de uma amostra de famílias do estado de São Paulo e valendo-se da técnica de análise de agrupamentos, a tese busca trazer um olhar mais influenciado pelos paradigmas do conhecimento mercadológico por meio da identificação e caracterização de segmentos de mercado com padrões distintos de orçamento familiar. Foi construída uma taxonomia composta por seis padrões assim nomeados: sobrevivência, enfermo, econômico, caseiro, bem-estar e automotor. A análise do perfil de cada padrão ressalta semelhanças e diferenças econômicas e sócio-demográficas que exigem a atenção dos pesquisadores e estrategistas de marketing quanto aos problemas de generalização, podendo resultar em erros nas estratégias de segmentação de mercado. Discussões dos resultados são tecidas a respeito da Teoria de Maslow e das Leis de Engel. Além disso, é proposta uma taxonomia de despesas familiares classificadas pelas elasticidades-renda entre os seis padrões de orçamento familiar identificados. Esta taxonomia ajuda a clarear as mudanças no comportamento de consumo segundo o impacto das alterações de renda na composição do orçamento familiar. Por fim, os resultados reforçam a tese de que padrões de alocação das despesas familiares se apresentam como uma dimensão inovadora e útil para os estudos de segmentação de mercado.

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