Submitted by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-06-18T20:32:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Berenice_Salvador.pdf: 1275363 bytes, checksum: 1f060aee87cf6894cb539f7a94cdbd83 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-06-22T22:15:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Berenice_Salvador.pdf: 1275363 bytes, checksum: 1f060aee87cf6894cb539f7a94cdbd83 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-22T22:15:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Berenice_Salvador.pdf: 1275363 bytes, checksum: 1f060aee87cf6894cb539f7a94cdbd83 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-07 / Sem bolsa / O objetivo deste estudo é através da aplicação de um dispositivo metodológico de Bernard Lahire, analisar a trajetória dos trabalhadores de Pessoa Jurídica, verificando se as disposições por eles incorporadas nos diferentes ambientes socializadores influenciam sua escolha por se tornarem profissionais independentes. Com a reestruturação produtiva e do capital, as relações de emprego em todo o mundo passaram a sofrer contínuas alterações, levando a uma intensificação da flexibilização do trabalho. Essas transformações são responsáveis por mudanças técnicas e organizacionais, as quais levam a uma precarização do trabalho e alterações nas formas dos contratos, acentuando as subcontratações, a terceirização, o aumento da informalidade e o surgimento de novas modalidades de trabalho. No Brasil, as novas políticas do governo proporcionam a ampliação da terceirização, o que conduz à um crescimento das práticas empresariais que procuram celebrar contratos através da prestação de serviço de pessoa jurídica. Assim, a chamada “pejotização” vem ganhando espaço, o que nos leva a questionar se a adesão do trabalhador à esta modalidade se dá de forma autônoma ou coercitiva. Lahire nos ajuda a entender o que incentiva um PJ a aderir à essa modalidade de contrato: esta ação é orientada por um patrimônio de disposições constituídas pelos processos de socialização do passado incorporado pelo trabalhador. Para a realização deste estudo portanto, é necessário estudar a trajetória social individual de cada trabalhador PJ. / This study aims, through the application of a methodological device created by Bernard Lahire, to analyze the trajectory of the workers who, instead of being hired as a regular employee, opted to create a legal entity to celebrate a contract with their employer in a process called “pejotização”, a word derived from PJ (Pessoa = Person/Entity + Jurídica = Legal, something like “legal entityzation”). The analysis will verify if the dispositions incorporated by these workers in the different socializing environments have any kind of influence over their choice to become this kind of independent professionals. With the restructuring of the capital and production systems, employment relations throughout the world began to undergo continuous changes, leading to more flexible forms of work. These changes are responsible for technical and organizational changes, which lead to more precarious working conditions and changes in the forms of contracts, accentuating subcontracting, outsourcing, increasing informality and the emergence of new working modalities. In Brazil, new government policies provide for the expansion of outsourcing, which leads to an increase in business practices that seek to enter into contracts through the provision of corporate service. Thus, the so-called "pejotização" has been gaining grounds, which leads us to question whether the worker's adherence to this modality occurs in an autonomous or coercive way. Lahire helps us to understand what encourages a PJ to adhere to this modality of contract: this action is guided by a patrimony of dispositions, constituted by the socialization processes of the past, incorporated by these workers. In order to carry out this study, it is necessary to study the individual social trajectory of each worker PJ.

Les professions libérales sont définies par la loi du 22 mars 2012 et sont caractérisées par leur degré de qualification, leur indépendance et leur grande ancienneté pour certaines comme les médecins ou les avocats. En effet, leurs racines peuvent remonter jusqu' à l'Antiquité gréco-romaine et de ce fait, elles sont profondément ancrées dans nos sociétés occidentales.Les professions libérales ont surmonté les grandes crises des siècles passés tout en conservant les règles et traditions qui leurs sont intrinsèques comme l'indépendance ou le respect de règles déontologiques. Néanmoins, ces professions se sont peu à peu rapprochées des modèles classiques du monde des affaires en s'assimilant elles-mêmes à des entrepreneurs et en se regroupant pour exercer. Actuellement, elles font face à de nouveaux changements initiés par la volonté des institutions de l'Union européenne de les rendre plus compétitives et de les soumettre aux règles du droit de la concurrence. La récente et difficile adoption de la loi dite "Macron" en est la parfaite illustration. Ainsi, l'étude de leurs origines et de leur développement permet, d'une part, de comprendre les raisons de l'existence de structures d'exercice qui leurs sont propres et d’autre part, de se questionner sur leur nature, la préservation de leurs caractéristiques et les potentielles limites à l'évolution de leurs modes d'exercice en commun. / Independent professions, which are called in french « professions libérales », are a certain type of professionals highly qualified such as lawyers or medical doctors, for instance.Their common roots are deeply attached to the long history of occidental societies starting from the Greek and Roman Antiquity.They faced and overcame several crisis during their evolution but they managed to preserve their main features such as independence or specific codes of ethics.Indeed, step by step, they started to merge with the common classic business structures and adapt their specificities to the modern economy.Nowadays, they still have to adapt themselves to new major economic stakes including those coming from the European Union requirements of becoming more competitive and follow the rules of competition law.On the one hand, studying the origins of those professions and the way they built themselves, allow us to understand why they needed their own structures and ways of working together. On the other hand, this approach leads us to the following question: Are the independent high qualified professions, or liberal professions, doomed to reach limits in their evolution toward modernity because of their own nature?In France, it seems like they are, and will be, undergoing changes for years to come and maybe their legal definition will also have to evolve with them.