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The Sto:lo people face many challenges and issues as they create a government and justice system based on prior ways of governance and justice. Some of these challenges and issues include the documenting and synthesizing of current understanding of judicial practices, establishing principles of membership or citizenship, legitimizing their own institutions, and establishing the scope and mandate of the House of Justice. The Sto:lo people are deciding what they want their justice system to look like. They face a multitude of existing judicial models and the importation of legal practices from elsewhere. Members of the Sto:lo Nation negotiate their way through various levels of federal and provincial government bureaucracy as they form relationships with these government bodies and establish their place among them. Yet, Sto:lo members must also temper their own bureaucratic growth with the need to remain flexible and responsive to the needs of the community. Current understandings of Sto:lo justice practice frame the expectations the Sto:lo people have of their own justice system. Discursive features of previous justice practices and contemporary Sto:lo issues include the importance of elders in community decision making, the importance of community and cohesion, the strength of the family and the desire to settle problems internally without external interference, the importance of sharing resources, and the Sto:lo's connection to the spiritual world. In this paper I study the inception and growth of Sto:lo nationhood, and the creation of one of the Sto:lo Nation's emerging institutions, the House of Justice. I refer to the ethnonationalist literature of Benedict Anderson, Stanley J. Tambiah and John L. Comaroff Anderson's "imagined community" is the central metaphor for this paper.

No abstract available / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1984.

Abstract not available. / Thesis (M.Ed.) - University of Durban-Westville, 1975.

Through an analysis of Cree concepts of well-being, I challenge conventional social scientific definitions of health. In this dissertation I argue that there exists a fundamental biomedical dualism in health studies and, using cross-cultural examples, explore an expanded notion of "health". I then introduce the Cree concept of miyupimaatisiiu ("being alive well") and explain that for the Whapmagoostui Cree there is no term that translates back into English as health. I present the core symbols of "being alive well" and in their analysis find a persistence of traditional meanings. For the Cree "being alive well" is consonant with "being Cree", simultaneously transcending the individual and reflecting current political realities. Miyupimaatisiiu for the adult Cree of Whapmagoostui is a strategy of cultural assertion and resistance and hence situated within the realm of political discourses.

Chapter one began with an introduction to the Native American social movement. The history of relations between the United States and the Native Americans was given, as well as a description of the origins of the Native American social movement. A literature review of communication studies was given which detailed the contributions of Randall Lake to the understanding of Native American rhetoric and the Native concept of time, along with the contributions of Richard Morris, Philip Wander, and Gerry Philipsen. Two research questions were presented dealing with the rhetorical confrontation of the movement and the success of the movement since 1969.Chapter Two detailed the functional approach to social movements schema that was developed by Charles Stewart, Craig Smith, and Roger Denton. Stewart et al. identify five functions that must be fulfilled in order for a social movement to exist and succeed. The functions are: 1) transforming perceptions of history, 2) altering perceptions of society, 3) prescribing courses of action, 4) mobilizing for action, and 5) sustaining the social movement.Chapter Three contains analysis of the four representative events of the progress of the NativeAmerican movement since 1969. The four events are: 1) the 1969 takeover of Alcatraz, 2) the 1973 takeover of wounded Knee, 3) the 100 year anniversary observance of the Wounded Knee massacre, and 4) the protests surrounding the celebration of the Columbus Day quincentennial.Chapter Four contains the summary and conclusions drawn from the analysis of the four events. The findings in terms of the research questions are that the movement has deemphasized the confrontational nature of its activities and this deemphasis has contributed significantly to the movement's newfound successes in the 1980s and 1990s. / Department of Speech Communication

This thesis involves the study of editorials published in Indiana newspapers from 1804 – 1838 concerning the subject of Indiana Indians. Approximately 120 newspapers were examined in order to determine the general editorial policy of the Indiana frontier press toward Indians who occupied the state at that time. The research covered the time period beginning in 1804, when the first newspaper originated in Indiana Territory, until 1838, when the last significant Indian emigration out of the state occurred. It was discovered these editorials about Indiana Indians were published infrequently, usually regarded the Indians in their relationship to white settlers and followed the general government policies toward the Indians.

Museums have been intimately connected to the discipline of anthropology since the colonial era when curiosity cabinets were created to house "exotic" items from afar that were used to represent "exotic" people and their cultures. However, with the postmodern debates in anthropology, both the discipline and museums have begun to realize that most displays reveal more about those who create them than about those who are on display. This realization combined with the rise in Native American concern for the control of material culture that was taken from them and their involvement in civil rights activism has brought Native objects and their display to the forefront of these debates. This has resulted in a push for true collaboration in the discipline as well as museums, which is forcing museums to work with Native Nations in developing displays that fulfill the museums' needs and that relinquish power to Native Nations in the exhibit development process. This project involved the collaboration between the Miami Indians of Indiana and the researcher to create an exhibit that will be displayed in the Miami community. This thesis follows that intimate connection between museums and anthropology and looks at the exhibit to examine what it reveals about Miami community identity. / Department of Anthropology

Segments of the Delaware Nation began migrating into the present state of Indiana about 1770 and in 1800 the majority of the tribe, including its principal chiefs, was established along the upper course of the west fork of bite River. The Delawares remained in Indiana until 1820 whereupon they were removed to Missouri Territory and thence to Kansas in 1830. The tribe ceded its Kansas land to the United States in 1867 and merged with the Cherokee Nation. The White River band was the core of the Delaware Nation throughout its Indiana, Missouri, and Kansas phases and this study is an ethnohistoric synthesis of the White River Indiana Delawares. The study focuses upon the tribe's continuum of dispersal, disunity, and cultural and social disintegration and, it analyzes the chieftaincy of William Anderson (1806-1830) with regard to his attempts to revitalize the Delawares into a viable tribe.The Delawares in 1800 mirrored the effects of over two centuries of contact with and resistance to Anglo-American settlement. The wars and the resultant depopulation and dispersal had created a disorganized and dejected society. The tribe's White River residence did however unite a major portion of its divergent groups and, it produced a capable chief in William Anderson.The decade preceding the Delawares' removal from Indiana to their settlement in Kansas in 1830 was a difficult period for the tribe and it was only through the efforts of William Anderson that the White River Delawares remained a cohesive band. This period was highlighted by Anderson's attempts to create a unified and viable nation free from white influences. His goals were revitalistic and predicated upon a past which had not existed for the tribe and they were thus only partially fulfilled. By emphasizing a hunting subsistence Anderson established his nation's right to exist west of the Mississippi River. His consolidation of the tribe's political structure gave the White River Delawares a strong native leadership during a crucial phase of their tribal existence. Anderson's death in 1830 created a leadership vacuum which was filled by the tribe's council and that body thereafter consistently refused to continue Anderson's goals and policies.The Delawares' thirty-seven year residence in Kansas was marked by continued cultural and social decay, tribal dispersal, disunity, and an almost complete alteration of its subsistence base from a hunting and simple-gardening economy to that of an agricultural existence. The tribe was powerless to halt these events and, despite its friendship and service to the United States, was incapable of stopping the ever encroaching tide of white settlers. It was apparent to theDelaware council in 1863 that another removal farther to the west was advisable. The decision was reached in July, 1866 and the resultant treaty and land cession terminated the entity known as the Delaware Nation.

Aguaruna Indigenous People live along the Rio Cenepa in the Peruvian Amazon. This thesis describes the Aguaruna traditional food system (TFS) and defines its nutritional importance. Nutritional status of women and young children were assessed using anthropometry. Dietary intakes and dietary diversity were recorded using repeat 24 hour recalls. Subsequently, the relative nutrient contributions of local foods were analyzed. A market survey was conducted to compare the nutrient value and relative cost of seasonal local foods with imported products. Anthropometry suggested a healthy population, although the Agauruna had short stature. They purchased <1 % of their food, and group dietary assessments estimated adequate intakes of energy, protein, fat, iron, zinc, vitamin C and vitamin A. Higher traditional food diversity was associated with greater macronutrient, vitamin and mineral intakes (Spearman's rho = 0.29 to r = 0.60). The Aguaruna TFS provides excellent nutrition and should be promoted and protected.