No abstract available / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1984.

Summary in English. / The contention underlying this dissertation is that ethnic identity and notions of community in South Africa are the result of several intertwined processes, which include historic interventions by the state to create 'groups' and 'nations' as building blocks for apartheid structures. These processes also encompass initiatives by those oppressed to constitute 'oppositional' communities. Both sets of activities have occurred in specific historical and material circumstances. By focusing specifically on a 'group' descended largely from merchant forebears, this study of Cape Indians examines the significance over time of the class, caste and religious cleavages within a constructed 'community'. Moreover, this dissertation discusses the effects of political currents on Indians in the Western Cape whose relatively more privileged position in relation to Indians in Natal and the Transvaal has been instrumental in isolating them from most of the events in the other provinces. It is hoped that this dissertation will contribute not only to the history of the Western Cape but, in a broader sense, also to the history of Indians in South Africa.

The reformed Hindu organisations play a major role in the provision of religious and cultural support within the local Hindu community. This study examines the role played by the reformed Hindu organisations in the provision of religious and cultural information within the greater Ethekwini region. The research methodology includes triangulation, where qualitative and quantitative research is employed. Interviews, historical research, observation as well as document and content analysis assists in the collation of information. This exploratory study seeks to determine the kinds of information formats and methods of dissemination that are used by the organisations. Religious and cultural information offered through other services such as the languages classes are discussed. The Indian languages used by the religious leaders are explored. The level of library services offered, the contents and authorship of the published material are investigated. Non-print media and problems associated with the use of the non-print media are discussed. Also discussed are interpersonal means of information dissemination and preservation, like the oral tradition of singing and delivering talks. Essential details of classification in ancient Indian libraries are included in the study since libraries have been a part of Hindu temples and universities from ancient times. Brief historical information regarding the arrival of the Indians in South Africa and the subsequent establishment of the Hindu religion within KwaZulu-Natal is provided. Reasons for the development and support given to the establishment of the reformed Hindu organisations are outlined. An analysis of the interviews conducted covering all the objectives of the study is also included. The collections held by the different libraries/library services are analysed. The significant role played by the reformed Hindu organisations in the preservation and dissemination of religious and cultural information presented in a variety of formats is discussed in the concluding remarks. The researcher has included recommendations that would benefit the participating organisations in their efforts as preservers and disseminators of religious and cultural information. / Thesis (M.I.S)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2007.

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1987.

This study of the Indian mission of the Apostolic Faith Mission of SA (AFM) covers a period of 16 years since its inception in 1930 in Stanger, Natal. Twenty two years earlier the pentecostal message was introduced to South Africa when the AFM was established. The two White missionary overseers appointed were C.S. Flewelling, from 1930 to 1940, and J.T. du Plessis, from 1940 to 1945. In this initial period crucial missiological principles were implemented which were to play a major role in influencing the particular developments within the Indian section. The link between the pentecostal movement in South Africa and the Azusa Street revival of 1906 in Los Angeles, USA, emphasises the fact that the pentecostal message that was transplanted here was shaped by various factors in the racist American society of the 19th and early 20th century. The immigrant Indian community in South Africa, who came as labourers, were bedeviled by sociopolitical and economic factors which impinged on their evolution . The resultant; feeling of insecurity created by these debilitating factors proved to be fruitful soil for the pentecostal movement, which offered a haven to this community on it he fringes of society . The development of the AFM Indian mission was due not merely to the efforts of White missionaries, as is generally held but also to dedicated indigenous pastors.The first three full-time pastors were Samuel Manikkam, David F . Williams and Henry James. These Indian church leaders faced various hardships in the ministry and, in spite of their shortcomings and their struggles, played an integral role in the development of the AFM "Indian" church. In its development, the AFM has been characterised by a strong conformity to White societal policy of racial segregation. The effects of this policy is evident in the sectional divisions existent within the AFM, and is indicative of the organisation's close alliance with the political philosophy of the status quo. Together with its ideological bias, the church's theological conservativism has precluded it from involving itself in affirmative socio-political action in an apartheid ridden society. Further, the Indian Section has been plagued by numerous schisms, resignations and secessions, which has also contributed to the tardy growth of the AFM within this population group. In 1989 the Composite Division of the AFM had been established, comprising the former Indian, Coloured and Black Sections. The White Section, or Single Division as it has now become known, has remained aloof from this practical initiative towards the formation of one church. As of January 1993 the Indian Section (and the other sections of colour) will theoretically cease to exist. It is clear therefore that the future of the Indian mission lay in the Composite Division, with its hope for one church in one nation, and serves as a barometer of the coming struggle and reward for a society seeking to rid itself of the final vestiges of racial prejudice. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1992.

From introduction: This is a study of Indian family businesses in the central business district of Durban, a sea port on the coast of Natal, in South Africa.

No abstract available. / Thesis (MPA)-University of Durban-Westville, 1988.

In this investigation it is assumed that Indians, who constitute a minority group in this country, are definitely confronted with more complex problems than their White counterparts and furthermore, that their problems are at least as complex of those experienced by Blacks in South Africa. Apart from his race, the Indian in South Africa also differs from his White and Black fellow-citizens in respect of his culture, traditions, customs and sometimes even of his language. This fact means that the TAT tests, which were adapted for Blacks in South Africa, cannot be applied without further ado to the Indian population group. The point of departure in this investigation is to develop a projective technique, similar to that of the TAT-Z, that can be adjusted to suit Indians and to deal with the problems experienced as a result of the new cultural demands that are imposed on this group. A further aim is to determine, by means of a newly constructed picture personality test, the degree of acculturation that still appears to be present among Indian South Africans, as well as to identify some personality characteristics. The latter can be used as a guideline in the choice of an occupation or job. Since Indian women are entering the labour market to an increasing extent, it was considered desirable to involve them in the test programme as well. With this aim in mind, 213 men and 195 women who are representative of the Indian population, were tested with the newly constructed Picture Personality Test for Indian South Africans (PPT-ISA). For the purposes of this experiment, the two survey groups were divided into five biographical variables, viz marital status, age, religion, qualifications and socio-economic status. A frequency distribution of positive, negative and ambivalent responses of all respondents, to all the constructs was determined, according to which the findings were analysed with the aid of various statistical techniques. The investigation reveals, in particular, that older people, as opposed to younger ones of both sexes, perform better in the test. It was also found that married people have a greater sense of duty and responsibility than unmarried persons; that an Indian woman's religion has a considerable influence on her response to certain constructs, whereas this phenomenon is not found in the case of Indian men. A factor analysis which was carried out indicates that three identifiable factors could be found, viz: ? *Men:- Factor I - Attitude towards authority, Factor II - Self-concept, Factor III - Self-assertiveness, ? *Women:- Factor I - Self-concept, Factor II - Submissiveness, Factor III - Attitude towards authority. It was furthermore shown that most constructs possess specificity, with the result that justifiable conclusions can be drawn from constructs. Construct validity investigations that were carried out indicate that the measuring instrument possesses a considerable degree of validity. A rater reliability investigation also revealed that high reliability coefficients were obtained, which implies that the test can be used with confidence. It would therefore appear that the PPT-ISA is a useful instrument that can be applied in the selection and placement of persons applying for vacancies in the labour market. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1980.

This study examines the quantitative aspects of the demographic characteristics of the Indian population of South Africa over a period of one-hundred-and-thirty years, from 1860 to 1991, within the framework of demographic transition theory. It informs us about a distinctive group of people within a country of mixed races and presents a hitherto uncollated historical account of the demographic changes of a small, specific, minority group, in a racially mixed society, within a developing country. Its emphasis lies in tracing the historical evolution and development of a demographically unbalanced population to one that today may be regarded as falling within the general demographic classification of an 'ageing' population. It is set within the framework of demographic transition theory and a discussion of the formation of this theory and its usefulness today is included in this work. Changes in the vital rates of mortality and fertility are examined in detail and an in-depth look is taken at changes in the age and sex structure over time. Apart from a detailed account of the patterns and numbers of indenture during the years 1860 to 1911, the core of the analysis is contained in three major chapters dealing with population structure, mortality and fertility. The bulk of the primary data was obtained from the results of twelve censuses between 1891 and 1991, inclusive. During the relatively short time-span of Indian settlement in South Africa, considerable demographic changes have taken place in this population. This study traces the progression of the population far beyond its original, unbalanced structure, which arose from the practice of indentured labour. After this practice was abandoned, growth and structural change took place almost entirely by natural increase, the balance of births and deaths. The population passed through the youthful, expanding stage of development to a structure that today resembles, in many ways, those to be found in most developed, industrialised countries of the world - with a slow rate of growth, a decreasing proportion of children under 15 years of age and an increasing proportion aged 60+ years. The social and economic challenges which face the Indian community today are very different from those encountered in the previous 130 years of settlement in this country and can be directly related to the extensive demographic changes that have occurred over this period. These demographic changes and their occurrence over time form the essence of this treatise. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal,Durban, 2002.

No abstract available. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1983.