Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / An important topic in autonomous vehicle related research in recent times is road departure warning (RDW) and road keeping assistance (RKA). RDW or RKA should be able to recognize and avoid roadside objects. Standard tests are needed to evaluate the performance of RDW and RKA feature of cars from different manufacturers. To avoid damage to the cars under test and the test environment during testing, there is a need of soft, durable and reusable surrogate targets representing various real roadside objects such as curb, concrete divider and metal guardrail. These surrogate objects should have representative characteristics of real roadside objects from the point of view of various commonly used object detection sensors on the vehicles such as camera, radar and LIDAR. Transportation Active Safety Institute (TASI) at Indian University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) is in the process of developing surrogate concrete divider, curb metal guardrail and grass that should be recognized as real roadside objects by LIDAR sensors, can be crashed without damage to the test vehicle and can be reused even after multiple crashes. The first step is to understand what the representative roadside objects should look like from the point of view of LIDAR units using laser of various wavelengths, and the next step is to design surrogate objects that successfully emulate the properties of the real roadside objects. Reflectance of an object is an important property for LIDAR detection. This thesis describes an approach for the determination of infrared reflectance property of concrete, metal guardrail and grass for different LIDAR view angles. Various samples of each of these roadside objects were evaluated. Based on these measurements, the suggested reflectance of surrogate roadside objects in the common LIDAR wavelength range of 800-1100 nm is specified. Finally, the design of surrogate roadside objects that satisfy these requirements is described, and the infrared reflectance of these surrogate objects are compared to the suggested reflectance bounds for different LIDAR view angles.

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Thesis (Ph. D., Chemistry)--University of Idaho, December 2006. / Major professor: Peter R. Griffiths. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online (PDF file) by subscription or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1992. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [247]-251).

Thesis (Ph.D.). / Written for the Dept. of Chemistry. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2009/06/08). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Master of Science / Department of Grain Science and Industry / Charles R. Stark / A study was carried out to determine the effect of replacing fish meal with either soybean meal or poultry by-product meal on broiler performance and total feed cost per kg of gain. A second study evaluated the effect of storage time and trace minerals on the stability of vitamins stored at high temperature and relative humidity and their subsequent effects on broiler performance, bone strength and ash. A third study consisting of two experiments was conducted to determine the effects of particle size, diet, method of analysis (laboratory, ground and unground) and feed form (mash and pellet) on the crude protein predictability of the near infrared reflectance spectroscopy while using standard calibrations installed with the instrument. In study 1, three dietary treatments, 1) SBM-FM diet, 2) SBM diet and 3) SBM-PBM diet, were allocated to 36 pens using a completely randomized design with 12 replicates per treatment. Replacing FM with SBM and PBM in broiler diets improved growth performance and reduced total feed cost per kg of gain. In study 2, seven experimental treatments, 1) 0 d VP, 2) 30 d VTMP, 3) 30 d VP, 4) 60 d VTMP, 5) 60 d VP, 6) 90 d VTMP and 7) 90 d VP, were stored for 0, 30, 60 and 90 days, respectively in an environmentally controlled chamber at 29.4°C and 75%. Samples of treatments were analyzed, and loss of vitamin activity was calculated after storage. Treatments were added to broiler diets to determine the effect of loss of vitamin activity on broiler performance. Dietary treatments were set up as randomized complete block design in four batteries. Storing vitamins with trace minerals for 90 days increased loss of vitamin activity as compared to when stored as vitamin premix. Loss of vitamin activity did not significantly affect overall broiler performance, bone strength and ash. In study 3, Exp. 1 was a 3 × 3 × 4 factorial with corn particles size (400, 600 and 800 μm), method of analysis (laboratory, unground and ground) and diet (SD, SFD, SFB and SB). Diets were formulated to contain 20% crude protein. Subsamples were ground through a 0.5 mm sieve. Crude protein contents of ground and unground samples were analyzed using the Foss DS2500 NIRS (Model Foss DS2500 Monochromator, Foss NIRSystems, Laurel, MD) and compared to laboratory results from wet chemistry analysis. Interaction (P≤0.05) was observed between diet and method and particle size and method, but similar (P≥0.05) crude protein was observed for particle size. Diets and particle sizes were significantly different (P≤0.05) as unground samples but no differences (P≥0.05) were observed when ground and analyzed using the NIRS or wet chemistry. Exp. 2 was a 3 ×2 factorial with method of analysis (laboratory, unground and ground) and feed form (mash and pellet). Diets were formulated to contain 20% crude protein and manufactured with 600 μm corn particle size. Portions of diets were pelleted using a pellet mill and cooled. Ground and unground mash and pellets were analyzed as in Exp. 1. Interaction was found (P≤0.05) between feed form and method of analysis. Feed form and method of analysis significantly (P≤0.05) affected crude protein prediction from the NIRS. Crude protein content of ground mash and pellets were similar (P≥0.05) to that of laboratory results. Generally, analyzing finished feed samples in the unground form with the NIRS while using standard calibrations yielded less accurate predictions for crude protein, but samples in the ground form yielded similar (P≥0.05) results when analyzed with either the NIRS or wet chemistry.

No description available.

Soluble organic semiconductors have attracted interest due to their potential in making flexible and cheap electronics. Though their use is being implemented in electronics today, the conduction mechanism is still under investigation. In order to study the charge transport, this study examines the position, voltage, and frequency dependence of charge induced changes in far infrared absorption in soluble organic semiconductors in thin-film transistor structures. Measurements are compared to a simple model of a one-dimensional conductor which gives insight into the charge distribution and timing in devices. Main results of the study are dynamic measurements of charge taken by varying the frequency of the applied gate voltage while observing signal at one position within the transistor; mobility values obtained from a comparison to the one-dimensional model compare well with standard current-voltage measurements. Two small molecule soluble organic semiconductors were studied: 6,13 bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-pentacene and fluorinated 5,11 bis(triethylsilylethynyl) anthradithiophene.

Brassica napus is grown as an edible oil (canola) and an industrial oil (HEAR). Its fatty acid profile and chlorophyll concentration affect the quality. It is important to develop accurate and efficient methods to evaluate these traits. The first objective of this study was to improve the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) molecular markers for erucic acid genotypes in the Bn-FAE1.1 and Bn-FAE1.2 genes in the A and C genomes in Brassica napus originally developed by Rahman et al. (2008). When put into practice, the error rate was unacceptably high. With the modifications that were made to the protocols, the overall accuracy remained relatively consistent indicating that further improvements are still required. The second objective was to develop a near infrared reflectance (NIR) based calibration equation for chlorophyll concentration in whole Brassica napus seeds. In this case, an equation was successfully created.