Cheung, Siu Ming. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-86). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Introduction to Face Recognition --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1. --- Modes of Face Recognition --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2. --- Typical Face Recognition System --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.3. --- Face Recognition Algorithms --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.4. --- The State of the Art --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2. --- Outdoor Face Recognition --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.1. --- The Outdoor Environment --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2. --- The Illumination Variation Problem in the Outdoors --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3. --- Related works --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.1. --- Face Appearance Modeling --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.2. --- Illumination Invariant Features and Representations --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.3. --- Active Near-Infrared Illumination --- p.14 / Chapter 1.4. --- Proposed method --- p.17 / Chapter 1.5. --- Design Requirements --- p.18 / Chapter 2. --- COMPENSATION METHODOLOGY FOR OUTDOOR FACE RECOGNITION --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1. --- Illumination from the Sun --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2. --- Effect of Sunlight Illumination --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3. --- A Compensation Model --- p.24 / Chapter 2.4. --- A Face Lighting Simulator --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.1. --- Face 3D Models --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4.2. --- Light Sources --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4.3. --- Synthesis of Face Image --- p.31 / Chapter 2.5. --- Simulation Results --- p.32 / Chapter 2.5.1. --- Optimum Compensation Angles --- p.33 / Chapter 2.5.2. --- Effect of Illuminator Intensity --- p.36 / Chapter 2.5.3. --- Effect of Illuminator Elevation Angle --- p.38 / Chapter 2.5.4. --- Effect of Sunlight Elevation Angle --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5.5. --- Illumination from Both Sides --- p.42 / Chapter 2.6. --- Summary --- p.43 / Chapter 3. --- AN ADAPTIVE ILLUMINATOR --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1. --- Hardware Design --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1.1. --- Near-infrared Camera --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1.2. --- Illumination Panels --- p.48 / Chapter 3.1.3. --- Illuminator Controller --- p.56 / Chapter 3.1.4. --- Illumination Characteristics --- p.59 / Chapter 3.2. --- Algorithms --- p.62 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Light Balance Estimation --- p.63 / Chapter 4. --- EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS --- p.67 / Chapter 4.1. --- Effect of compensation angle on face similarity --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2. --- Effect of illumination compensation under different sunlight conditions --- p.71 / Chapter 4.3. --- Impact on recognition performance --- p.72 / Chapter 5. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.76 / Chapter 6. --- BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.81

Mercury cadmium telluride is important in the detection of electromagnetic radiation in the eight to twelve micron atmospheric window for infrared imaging systems. High resolution infrared imaging systems use either large (256x256 element to 1024x1024 element) staring arrays or much smaller (1-6 element) scanned arrays in which the image is optically scanned across the detectors. In scanned arrays, high resolution and sensitivity may result in the scan direction not being parallel to the detector bias current. The response of an infrared detector to uniform illumination is investigated. It is found that variations in the detector thickness result in significant changes in output voltage. Scanned detectors are modeled in five different orientations; scan parallel to bias, scan opposite to bias, scan perpendicular to bias, and two orientations of the scan diagonal to the bias. The response is analyzed for two cases: 1) the size of the scanned radiation equal to the size of the detector and 2) when the pixel width is half of the width of the detector, but of equal length. Results of the simulation show that the fastest response occurs when the scan and bias are parallel. The largest response occurs when the scan direction is diagonal to the bias, but the response time is much slower than when the bias is parallel to the scan. Therefore, a tradeoff must be made between maximum signal and speed of response. Test detectors are being fabricated and will be tested at FLIR Systems Inc., Portland, Oregon, to confirm the model predictions. / Graduation date: 1992

Not available / text

An infrared source with spatially and temporally variable radiance is designed. It can be used to simulate any other infrared source simultaneously in two wavelength bands. The theoretical analysis of the real and simulator source is performed to define the design parameters. A series of the concepts are evaluated for their potential as infrared sources. A three-dimensional heat transfer computer program is used to predict the thermal behavior of the prototype glassy carbon waffle target. Tests are performed on this target which show that its thermal and radiation properties are in agreement with its predicted behavior. Glassy carbon waffle source is a good infrared radiator which can be used repeatedly at high temperatures. Measurements are described which show that the uniformity in the surface temperature can be maintained even when a scanning laser beam is used to deposit the energy on the target surface. The target surface is described analytically as a low pass filter. Its time constant is shown to depend on the target material and the temperature distribution in the target.

Remote sensing of the Earth's atmosphere, typically performed in the infrared region of the spectrum, plays an important role in scientific research. In the past the instruments used to perform these observations have been large, massive devices and correspondingly have only been able to be placed on large satellites. There is currently a trend toward smaller Earth observing platforms, so-called micro-satellites, and there is therefore a need for smaller, less massive instruments. Typically these instruments utilise a semiconductor device that responds to incoming infrared radiation in a known way. Such devices are subject to a number of noise sources that reduce their performance. By cooling them to temperatures around 80K it is possible to significantly reduce the amplitude of this noise compared to the incoming radiation of interest, thus increasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Typically this cooling is performed by a mechanical cooler, but currently many of them are too massive and require too much power to be suitable for use on a small remote sensing satellite. By considering a typical application, a performance target for a miniature cooler was determined to be a heat lift of 200mW at a cold tip temperature of 80K. Hardware has been created to investigate the feasibility of achieving this aim with a hybrid cooler/radiator. The cooler is a miniature integral Stirling machine and uses flat spiral flexures with a newly designed linear motor to drive the compressor piston; the displacer is driven pneumatically. The prototype initially underwent characterisation without first being pre-cooled by the radiator. Although significant cooling was observed (to below 170K), initial characterisation highlighted a low thermal resistance between the warm end of the cooler and the cold tip. With pre-cooling the cold tip was able to reach a minimum no-load cold tip temperature of 92K, and with 200mW applied to the cold tip a temperature of 122.4 K was sustainable. Attempts were made to increase the thermal resistance between the warm end and cold tip by introducing thermal breaks into the regenerator, and whilst these did increase the thermal resistance, the overall performance of the cooler decreased. The concept of a hybrid miniature cooler/radiator has been shown to be feasible. To achieve the target performance of a heat lift of 200mW at 80K further work needs to be performed to characterise loss processes within the cooler and increase the thermal resistance between the warm end and cold tip.

Thesis (Ph. D., Chemistry)--University of Idaho, December 2006. / Major professor: Peter R. Griffiths. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online (PDF file) by subscription or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 1993. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-163).

Thesis (Ph.D)--University of Western Australia, 2007.

Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2004. / Advisor: Dr. Xiaolei Zou, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Meteorology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 12, 2005). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.App.Sc.) - Carleton University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-137). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.