Nanoscale materials enable unique opportunities at the interface between physical and life sciences. The interface between nanoelectronic devices and biological systems makes possible communication between these two diverse systems at the length scale relevant to biological functions. The development of a bottom-up paradigm allows the nanoelectronic units to be synthesized and patterned on unconventional substrates. In this thesis, I will focus on the development of three-dimensional (3D) nanoelectronics, which mimics the structure of porous biomaterials to explore new methods for seamless integration of electronics with other materials, with a special focus on biological tissue. / Chemistry and Chemical Biology