Thesis (Ma) -- Zhong yang min zu da xue, China, 2007. / Title from title page. Abstract also in English. Includes bibliography. Zhi dao jiao shi: Gao Cuilian. 880-04

Thesis (Ma (Specialized History)) -- Nei Menggu da xue Menggu xue xue yuan, China, 2004. / Title from title page. Abstract also in English. Includes bibliography. Zhi dao jiao shi: Bailadugeqi. 880-02

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 240-271). / Microfiche. / v, 271 leaves, bound 29 cm

Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2007. Graduate Programme in Interdisciplinary Studies. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 169-189). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004 & res_dat=xri:pqdiss & rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation & rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR32004.

This study demonstrates the flexible nature of relations between “peripheral” polities imperial “core” polities. The decentralized nature of the Mongol and Iroquois confederacies enabled them to dictate terms during negotiations with the Ming dynasty or British, respectively, giving them a higher degree of agency in their relations. Comparing the experiences of the Mongols and Iroquois provides a better understanding of how indigenous confederacies acted and reacted under similar circumstances. Likewise, this study aims to demonstrate the capacity for “peripheral” confederacies to resist, selectively adapt, and negotiate with “core” empires. / Confederacy in action -- Iroquois historiography -- Mongol historiography -- Social structures and foundation myths -- "Relative" relations. / Department of History