Inaug.-Diss.--Berlin. / Lebenslauf. Bibliography: p. 85.

Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of Rochester. / Reproduced from typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-83). Digitized version available online via the Sibley Music Library, Eastman School of Music http://hdl.handle.net/1802/4005

Th.--Méd.--Paris, 1905-1906. / Paris, 1905-1906, tome 2, n ° 17.

This work investigates brass instruments in the time domain, rather than the traditional frequency domain, and considers first, impulse measurements and secondly, their analysis. An existing apparatus for measuring the response to an acoustic impulse at the input of a brass instrument has been refined. Problems of impulse inconsistency, ambient temperature variation and source reflections have been resolved. Developments of the above equipment are used to test the quality of brass instruments on a factory production line. A prototype and a test instrument are compared by taking the arithmetical difference of their impulse responses. The equipment has detected small faults missed by normal inspection methods. The usefulness of this technique to brass instrument manufacturers is discussed. Links between the instrument's measured transient response and its bore geometry have been developed. The stages involved are deconvolution and bore reconstruction. Various deconvolution methods have been studied systematicaly by applying them to simulated noiseless and noisy data. Noise introduces errors, particularly at high frequencies, so deconvolution of real measured data is distorted. Techniques to reduce the effects of noise have been investigated. Attempts to employ the Gerchberg restoration algorithm 'to restore high frequency information proved unsuccessful. A new inverse method, based on an iterative z-transform procedure, of reconstructing an instrument's bore shape and damping profile from its transient response has been developed. It produces perfect results for noiseless model data, but even the smallest amount of noise renders the method unstable. Regularisation is therefore required. The corresponding direct process of predicting the transient response from bore and damping data is stable and produces results which compare well with measured responses. The work strengthens relationships between an instrument's shape and its musical quality, and will enhance the design of better instruments. Further research on the link between transient response and subjective quality is recommended.

Les nuages jouent un rôle important dans le bilan radiatif terrestre en modulant les rayonnements solaire et thermique entrant et sortant qui à leur tour agissent directement sur les taux de refroidissement et de réchauffement à travers l 'atmosphère. Dans ce contexte, les mesures des paramètres nuageux est un but capital pour la climatologie. Pour objectif, plusieurs instruments spatiaux ont été étudiés. Nous nous sommes intéressés plus particulièrement aux instruments POLDER et MODIS , instruments passifs permettant une vision globale de la planète. En effet, ces deux instruments ont permis une nette amélioration des mesures sur les atmosphères nuageuses. En 2020, le lancement d'une autre mission (EPS-SG) est prévu avec l 'instrument 3MI à son bord. Il bénéficie des expériences de POLDER et de MODIS. Dans ce contexte, ce travail a pour but de comprendre et d'estimer les capacités du futur instrument 3MI à étudier les atmosphères nuageuses. / Clouds play an important role in the Earth radiation budget by modulating both the incoming and outgoing solar and thermal radiation that in turn directly act on the heating and cooling rates within the atmosphere. In this context, the measurement of the cloud parameter is an important goal of climatology. For this purpose, several space instrument have been studied. We interest particularly of the instruments POLDER and MODIS, passive instruments wich allow a global vision of the earth. Indeed , thanks to those two experiments, the measurements of clouds parameters have been really improved. In 2020, an other satellite (EPS-SG) will be launched with the instrument 3MI onboard. This instrument benefits to the experiments of POLDER and MODIS. In this context, this work aims to understand the capabilities of 3MI to study the cloudy atmospheres.

No description available.

Moral injury is a relatively new psychological syndrome characterized by profound emotional, cognitive, and social pain following perceived moral violations. Though often overlapping, moral violations can involve either the perpetration of a moral transgression (via action or inaction) or the experience of a moral betrayal by a trusted other. In each case, symptoms of moral injury may include guilt, shame, anger, loss of trust and meaning, and social withdrawal. To date, the study of moral injury has remained nearly exclusive to the military arena. In turn, the aim of this thesis is to highlight the relevance of moral injury to other populations vulnerable to its effects. These include: 1) justice-involved individuals found Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder who may experience moral injury after regaining insight into their offending behaviour; and 2) Public Safety Personnel who are often exposed to morally ambiguous situations while under high levels of social responsibility. To appreciate the impact of moral injury for these populations, adequate tools must first be developed to measure and assess it. The three studies included in this dissertation outline the key steps to instrument development using a mixed-method approach: first, a qualitative investigation with justice-involved individuals explores the unique emotional consequences following a criminal offence that will inform subsequent phases of instrument development; second, quantitative inquiries are taken to construct, evaluate, and employ a new moral injury assessment for Public Safety Personnel to uncover important causes and consequences of moral injury in this group. This dissertation serves as a strong indicator that moral injury is a unique and costly health outcome relevant across societal groups. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Moral injury is a new psychological syndrome developed to understand an individual’s response to a moral trauma. As with other traumatic stress disorders, some people may develop a moral injury after experiencing a situation or event that violates deeply held moral standards. These morally injurious events may be moral violations perpetrated by the individual and result in deep feelings of shame and guilt, or may be moral betrayals by a trusted other and result in feelings of anger and loss of trust. To better understand the causes, symptoms, and consequences of moral injury, we must first develop tools to measure and assess it. This thesis outlines the key steps involved in developing new moral injury assessments in two groups who have an elevated risk of experiencing morally injurious events and so may be more likely to develop a moral injury: justice-involved individuals found Not Criminally Responsible and Public Safety Personnel.

L´étude des aérosols de la stratosphère est primordiale pour modéliser précisément le bilan radiatif terrestre, et pour évaluer l´influence des particules sur le cycle de destruction de l´ozone. Depuis la découverte de la couche de Junge, ce domaine de recherche connaît différents décors, du plus important contenu en aérosols du dernier siècle après l´éruption du Mont Pinatubo en 1991, à un rétablissement vers les faibles niveaux atteints dans les années 2000, qui permet l´étude des particules autres que celles d´origine volcanique. Cependant, à ce jour, le degré de connaissance est faible quant à la distribution spatiale et verticale de ces aérosols dans la moyenne et haute stratosphère. Leur détection présente plusieurs difficultés: les particules ont une grande variété d´origines, compositions, tailles et formes, et leurs faibles épaisseurs optiques rendent indispensables des résultats précis. Un algorithme d´inversion développé au LPC2E a été adapté à l´analyse des données de niveau 1b de l´instrument GOMOS à bord d´ENVISAT, qui emploie la technique d´occultation stellaire, et fournit une bonne (mais irrégulière) couverture géographique et temporelle des mesures; un critère de sélection est d´ailleurs nécessaire du fait de l´utilisation de sources lumineuses de propriétés différentes. La méthode mise au point est validée pour l´étude de l´extinction induite par les aérosols; une climatologie globale est alors établie pour la période allant d´août 2002 à juillet 2006, et indique la présence permanente de particules dans l´ensemble du globe, jusqu´à environ 45 km d´altitude. La variabilité temporelle de l´extinction montre une augmentation progressive du contenu moyen depuis 2002 aux latitudes tropicales dans la basse stratosphère, et a permis d´évaluer l´effet de l´oscillation quasi-biennale et d´étudier d´autres variations saisonnières. La dépendance spectrale permet de déduire certaines spécificités concernant la taille et la nature des aérosols, majoritairement des particules sulfatées, mais également des suies en provenance de la troposphère et des particules d´origine interplanétaire. / The study of stratospheric aerosols is crucial for modeling precisely the earth´s radiative budget and because of their influence on ozone depletion. Since the discovery of Junge layer, this area of research has been through various situations: from the greatest volcanic upload of last century after Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991, and slowly recovering to background levels reached in the 2000s, which allow the study of other than volcanic particles. However, the vertical and spatial distribution of these aerosols in the middle and high stratosphere is still poorly documented and not yet totally understood. Their detection presents many difficulties: the particles have a great variety of origins, compositions, shapes and sizes, and their low optical thicknesses make accurate results necessary. An inversion algorithm developed in the LPC2E has been adapted to the analysis of level 1b data from GOMOS instrument onboard ENVISAT. The star occultation technique leads to a good (but irregular) spatial and temporal sampling, and a data selection criteria allows the analysis of accurate results, which validation is led for the study of aerosol extinction. A global climatology is then established for the August 2002 to July 2006 period, and shows the permanent presence of aerosol particles around the globe, up to 45 km altitude. The temporal variability shows a progressive enhancement of the mean content from 2002 in the tropics, and was useful to study the influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation in the middle stratosphere, as well as some seasonal features. The study of the spectral dependence informs about the size and nature of the particles, mainly sulfate aerosols, but also soot coming from the troposphere and aerosols of extra-terrestrial origin.

Thesis (M. Mus.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1948. / Typescript. Title from title screen (viewed Mar. 21, 2007). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-123). Online version of the print original.

This study concerned the development of measures for youth civic development in Malaysia with four major goals in mind, namely conceptual, measurement, baseline/pragmatic, and predictive goals. It was a preliminary study of its kind in Malaysia as Malaysia did not participate in any international or regional study such as the IEA Civic Study. The central intention of the study was to establish a conceptually valid assessment framework and psychometrically sound instruments for the measurement of youth civic development in Malaysia. This would, in turn, provide some baseline information upon which future research on youth civic development in Malaysia could build. Civics as a subject was removed from the Malaysian school curriculum in the early 1980s and Civic and Citizenship Education as a specific subject, with an explicit structure and curriculum framework, was reintroduced only in 2005. It was not feasible at the time when this study was conducted to conduct a specific assessment on the outcomes for school-aged students as explicated and expected in the curriculum framework. Therefore, the post-school-aged group of young undergraduates in public universities within the age range of 17-28 was selected as the target population. Firstly, a conceptualisation of youth civic development was synthesized by identifying current views on citizenship, as set out in the international literature and, specifically, in Malaysia in two major documents – the Rukenagara and Vision2020. Civic development consists of three variables of Civic Knowledge (CK) (knowledge about the legal status and associated rights and responsibilities of citizens); Civic Disposition (CD) (views on identity and attitudes as a citizen); and Civic Engagement (CE) (participation as a citizen). The relationship between civic development variables was explicated through a Neo-Vygotskian cultural-historical theory of human development. In addition, Bronfenbrenner’s Socio-Ecological Theory of human development was adopted for the selection of contextual and individual factors (the independent variables) for the conceptual model. To help ensure cross-cultural validity for use within the Malaysian socio-cultural context, the three dependent variables of CK, CD and CE, and the independent variables were appraised for their suitability for use within the Malaysian socio-cultural context before they were operationalized into observable indicators. Secondly, the Rasch measurement paradigm, framework and model were adopted as the foundation for instrument development and validation. The procedures for instrument development followed Wilson’s model of four building blocks of instrument development (Wilson, 2005). Three instruments were developed for this study, namely The Malaysian Civic Knowledge Inventory (MCKI), The Malaysian Civic Disposition Inventory (MCDI), and the Malaysian Civic Engagement Inventory (MCEI). Items from existing instruments in international literature were adopted or adapted for the three instruments, especially the MCEI, if there was construct equivalence in Rukunegara and Vision 2020. This was to ensure a cumulative tradition in research on youth civic development. Most of the items in the MCKI and the MCDI however were developed specifically for this study to capture the specificity of the civic culture of Malaysia. The target population for the study was undergraduate students enrolled in Malaysian public universities. Students at one public university were chosen as the accessible population. Data were collected in February 2006 (pilot study) and from July to August 2006 (main study). The sample for this study (N=1391) was drawn through multistage cluster sampling by study concentration, level of study, and clusters based on lecture/tutorial group. The sample also, by default, included major inherent characteristics of the target population, particularly gender (Male and Female) and ethnicity (Malay, Chinese, Indian and other ethnic groups). Rasch analyses confirmed the three-dimensional structure of youth civic development. Three measurement scales with acceptable psychometric properties were established to provide measures for the three dependent variables of CK, CD and CE. The hypotheses about civic development (in terms of CK, CD and CE) as a ‘tool and result’ activity were tested through path analyses of mediational relationships based on Baron and Kenny’s criteria (1986) using the Rasch-derived linearized scores from the main study. Analyses provided statistical support for a bidirectional association between each pair of CK, CD and CE, despite the low inter-correlations between them. This study revealed that, on average, youth in this study demonstrated a moderately high level of CK (Mean =1.11, SD = 0.77), a positive CD (Mean = 1.25; SD = 0.63) but a moderately low CE (Mean = -0.44; SD = 0.92). The Malay sub-sample scored, on average, higher on all three dimensions of civic development. The results of hierarchical multiple regressions however showed the effect of ethnicity (Malay or Non-Malay) was statistically non-significant when other contextual (home, curricular and co-curricular) variables were entered into the regression equation. This indicates it is not ethnicity that predicts levels of civic development, but rather it is the differences in other socio-political entitlements and status associated with ethnic status. Three selected collective social-contextual factors of home, curriculum and co-curriculum explained only a fairly modest but statistically significant amount of variance (10 to 20%) in the dependent variables. Finally, the findings were discussed in relation to the theoretical perspectives undergirding this study. Pragmatic implications for policy planning as well as other relevant stakeholders involved in youth civic development are also discussed.