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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A energia e suas implica??es no ensino-aprendizagem da qu?mica

Silva Junior, Carlos Neco da 08 July 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosNSJ_TESE.pdf: 2390802 bytes, checksum: fd689c5c883f1493f470eac59ad5f18d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-08 / The area of Education in Chemistry in Brazil has appeared over 30 years and its growth has been accelerated by the need of comprehension of the processes of teaching and learning in chemistry. Many researches, in this area, has among its investigation objects the teaching tools like teaching materials and the learning processes of students in high school and basic education, but when dealing with higher levels of education, they are seldom portrayed. This study aimed to investigate the General Chemistry textbooks with respect to approach the concept of energy; know the main ideas of graduate students in Chemistry on the relation of the concept of energy and chemical transformations; finally, developing a cicle of studies with the proposition of an approach wich inter-relate the concept of energy and its implications in the teaching-learning process of a chemical transformation. To do so, we used as instruments a questionnaire, press conference, conceptual map and experimental activities. All activities of the study cicle were videotaped and recorded, transcribed and the results organized in tables. For the activities of the study cicle texts that have been developed and inter-relating concepts of chemistry and energy, which in turn gave theoretical support to the activities in the cycle. In the analysis it was used as a theoretical content the analysis of Laurence Bardin. The results revealed that the analysis of the book might be perceived that not always the concept of energy is used in order to generate the abstract thought of chemical transformations, but that the main macroscopic thermodynamic variables are present in the explanation of these transformations. During the study cicle, were studied two chemical reactions: the first one, made possible to approach the macroscopic dimension to quantify the concept of energy and the second one, made possible to demonstrate the macro and microscopic dimension of the concept of energy during a chemical transformation. In all reactions proposed, students used, in most of the times, as explanations, only macroscopic observations of the reactions under study and failed to realize that the concept of energy can be used to explain macro and microscopic chemical transformation. As a final action of the study cicle, students requested further discussion, to clarify the link between the concept of energy and the meanings constructed in the process of studying the reactions. This is done through an oral explanation, during the cycle, and registered in this thesis and attempts to show the interrelationship existing conceptual / A ?rea de Educa??o em Qu?mica no Brasil surgiu h? pouco mais de 30 anos e tem seu crescimento acelerado pela necessidade de compreens?o dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem na qu?mica. Muitas pesquisas, nessa ?rea, t?m entre seus objetos de investiga??o as ferramentas de ensino tais como materiais did?ticos e os processos de aprendizagem de estudantes do n?vel m?dio e fundamental de ensino, mas ao tratar do n?vel superior de ensino, estes ainda s?o pouco retratados. Este trabalho teve como objetivos investigar os livros de Qu?mica Geral com rela??o a abordagem do conceito de energia; conhecer as principais concep??es dos estudantes de gradua??o em Qu?mica sobre a rela??o do conceito de energia e as transforma??es qu?micas; por fim, a elabora??o de um ciclo de estudos com a proposi??o de uma abordagem que inter-relacione o conceito de energia e suas implica??es no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de uma transforma??o qu?mica. Para tanto, utilizou-se como instrumentos o question?rio, entrevista coletiva, mapa conceitual e atividades experimentais. Todas as atividades do ciclo de estudo foram filmadas e gravadas, posteriormente, transcritas e os resultados organizados em tabelas. Para as atividades do ciclo de estudos foram elaborados textos que inter-relacionam os conceitos qu?micos e a energia, que por sua vez, deram suporte te?rico as atividades no ciclo. Na an?lise utilizou-se como referencial te?rico a an?lise de conte?do de Laurence Bardin. Os resultados revelaram que na an?lise do livro p?de-se perceber que nem sempre o conceito de energia ? utilizado no intuito de gerar o pensamento abstrato das transforma??es qu?micas, mas que as principais vari?veis macrosc?picas termodin?micas se encontram presentes na explica??o dessas transforma??es. Durante o ciclo de estudo foram estudadas duas rea??es qu?micas, uma que possibilitasse abordar a dimens?o macrosc?pica de quantifica??o do conceito de energia e outra que demonstrasse a dimens?o macro e microsc?pica do conceito de energia em meio a uma transforma??o qu?mica. Em todas as rea??es propostas os alunos utilizaram, na maioria das vezes, como explica??es, apenas observa??es macrosc?picas das rea??es em estudo e n?o conseguiram perceber que o conceito de energia pode ser utilizado para explicar microscopicamente uma transforma??o qu?mica. Como a??o final do ciclo de estudos, os alunos solicitaram uma discuss?o mais profunda, que esclarecesse a liga??o entre o conceito de energia e os significados constru?dos no processo de estudo das rea??es. Isso ? feito por meio de 8 uma explica??o oral, durante o ciclo, e registrado nesta tese, procurando mostrar a inter-rela??o conceitual existente

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