Thesis (M.S.)--University of New Hampshire, 1983. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-42).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1987. / "January 1987." Includes bibliographical references (p. 376-381).

No description available.

Internal waves are ubiquitous features in coastal marine environments and have been observed to mediate vertical distributions of zooplankton in situ. Internal waves create fine-scale hydrodynamic cues that copepods and other zooplankton are known to sense, such as fluid density gradients and velocity gradients (quantified as shear deformation rate). The role of copepod behavior in response to cues associated with internal waves is largely unknown. The objective is to provide insight to the bio-physical interaction and the role of biological versus physical forcing in mediating organism distributions. We constructed a laboratory-scale internal wave apparatus to facilitate fine-scale observations of copepod behavior in flows that replicate in situ conditions of internal waves in a two-layer stratification. Three cases were chosen with density jump of 0.75, 1.0, and 1.5 sigma-t units. Analytical analysis of the two-layer system provided guidance to the target forcing frequency needed to generate a standing internal wave with a single dominate frequency of oscillation. Flow visualization and signal processing of the interface location were used to quantify the wave characteristics. The results show a close match to the target wave parameters. Marine copepod (mixed population of Acartia tonsa, Temora longicornis, and Eurytemora affinis) behavior assays were conducted for three different physical arrangements: (1) no density stratification, (2) stagnant two-layer density stratification, and (3) two-layer density stratification with internal wave motion. Digitized trajectories of copepod swimming behavior indicate that in the control (case 1) the animals showed no preferential motion in terms of direction. In the stagnant density jump treatment (case 2) copepods preferentially moved horizontally, parallel to the density interface. In the internal wave treatment (case 3) copepods demonstrated orbital trajectories near the density interface. Further analysis showed that the copepods swim closer to the interface in the presence of internal waves.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / Title from PDF file main screen (viewed on Nov. 27, 2009). "A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Physics, University of Alberta." Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [89]-94).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rhode Island, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-165).

This research has utilised the Massachusetts Institute of Technology gen- eral circulation model (MITgcm) along with observations taken as part of the River In uences on Shelf Ecosystems (RISE) study to investigate the dynamic processes associated with the Columbia River plume at different temporal and spatial scales. Firstly, a high resolution ( x= y=25 m) investigation of the near-field plume was undertaken using the fully non-hydrostatic mode of the MITgcm. This resulted in the reproduction of a detailed inner plume as well as a series of radiated internal waves. In addition to first mode internal waves, second order waves were radiated from the plume boundary when propagation ve- locity becomes sub-critical. Third mode internal waves were also observed, trapped at the plume head. The fine plume structure produced revealed sec- ondary fronts within the plume that also generated internal waves. These features increase the mixing occurring inside the plume, resulting in greater entrainment of underlying waters into the plume. The use of Lagrangian drifters within the model produced detailed results of the recirculation tak- ing place within the emerging plume and how this recirculation changes with depth. This has implications for the near-field recirculation of biologically important solutes present in the plume waters. A second coarser resolution horizontal grid ( x= y=500 m) was imple- mented to investigate the processes of the large-scale plume with the addi- tion of wind forcing. Experiments with both simplified and realistic wind scenarios were carried out and comparisons with in-situ data were made. This revealed the dominance of wind effects on the outer plume and tidal effects on the inner plume. In the simplified wind cases, the classical the- ory of plume propagation under the action of upwelling and downwelling favourable winds was recreated. For the case of realistic winds, there was some success in reproducing a hindcast of the plume location. Tracer fields were used to represent nutrient concentrations based on observed data. Whilst these results showed variations from observations, they did allow a spatially and temporally complete view to be taken of nutrient distribu- tion in the region.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography, 1982. / Supervised by Erik Mollo-Christensen. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 321-326).