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The diploma thesis has been written as an enlargement of my bachelor thesis. The fundament remained same - analysis of a company that operates in a international environment. As a added value above the bachelor thesis, I have worked on the changes that met the company since 2008 when I handed out the bachelor thesis. I have also solved the problems that the company must face to in current times and at the end I came up with proposals that could help the firm in those hard times.

International environmental law is one of the most dynamic fields of public international law, and has rapidly acquired great breadth and sophistication. Yet the rate of global environmental decline has also increased and is accelerating. Halting and reversing this process is a challenge of effective governance, requiring institutions that can ensure that the now impressive body of environmental norms is faithfully implemented. This thesis explores whether and to what extent international courts and tribunals can play a useful role in international environmental regimes. Consideration is given to the threefold function of adjudication in resolving environmental disputes, in promoting compliance with environmental standards, and in developing environmental rules. The thesis is divided into three Parts. The first Part examines the spectrum of adjudicative bodies that have been involved in the resolution of environmental disputes, situates these within the evolution of institutions for compliance control, and offers a reassessment of their relevance in contemporary environmental governance. The second Part critically assesses the contribution that arbitral awards and judicial decisions have made to the development of norms and principles of environmental law, examining case law relating to transboundary pollution, shared freshwater resources and marine environmental protection. In the third Part of the thesis consideration is given to three looming challenges for international environmental litigation: accommodating greater levels of public participation in adjudicative processes, resolving practical problems stemming from the interaction among multiple jurisdictions, and ensuring that specialised courts and tribunals do not apply environmental norms in a parochial manner that privileges the policy objectives of issue-specific regimes.

International environmental law is one of the most dynamic fields of public international law, and has rapidly acquired great breadth and sophistication. Yet the rate of global environmental decline has also increased and is accelerating. Halting and reversing this process is a challenge of effective governance, requiring institutions that can ensure that the now impressive body of environmental norms is faithfully implemented. This thesis explores whether and to what extent international courts and tribunals can play a useful role in international environmental regimes. Consideration is given to the threefold function of adjudication in resolving environmental disputes, in promoting compliance with environmental standards, and in developing environmental rules. The thesis is divided into three Parts. The first Part examines the spectrum of adjudicative bodies that have been involved in the resolution of environmental disputes, situates these within the evolution of institutions for compliance control, and offers a reassessment of their relevance in contemporary environmental governance. The second Part critically assesses the contribution that arbitral awards and judicial decisions have made to the development of norms and principles of environmental law, examining case law relating to transboundary pollution, shared freshwater resources and marine environmental protection. In the third Part of the thesis consideration is given to three looming challenges for international environmental litigation: accommodating greater levels of public participation in adjudicative processes, resolving practical problems stemming from the interaction among multiple jurisdictions, and ensuring that specialised courts and tribunals do not apply environmental norms in a parochial manner that privileges the policy objectives of issue-specific regimes.

This study attempts to systematically analyze the determinants of state participation in International Environmental Agreements (IEAs). The study focuses on two core elements: (i) IEA characteristics; and (ii) state characteristics. Hypotheses for state participation in IEAs are formulated based on the two main International Relations theories dealing with cooperation – Realism and Liberalism. The study presents five different models for state participation in IEAs. The first model analyzes the influence of treaty variables, while the remaining four focus on state variables. The second and third models analyze the influence of Realist and Liberal variables respectively. The fourth model specifically focuses on variables which reflect the various socio-economic, political and logistical constraints of developing countries. The fifth model presents an integrated analysis of participation based on the previous models. Results of the study show that participation can be understood in terms of both the Realist and Liberal variables, and that there can be no rarefied partitioning of those factors on participation. More specifically, the study empirically demonstrates that state participation in IEAs is influenced by the following four main factors: (i) the impact of domestic and international institutions (ii) human development; (iii) power motivations; and (iv) IEA design. Policies proposed to increase participation in IEAs therefore have to enhance any positive influence exerted by these parameters, and mitigate their negative influences, if any.

International trust is a perception about how people can trust other nations, it can also be an explanation for people¡¦s perception about the nature of international environment. The study shows that when people have higher levels of international trust, they are more optimistic about the nature of international environment¡Fon the contrary, people are more pessimistic about the nature of international environment. There are many variables that can influence international trust, and political trust is one of the most influential. Therefore, I try to analyze international trust and political trust in Taiwan through telephone interviews and intend to testify my hypotheses. Furthermore, I will make international trust a standard for people¡¦s attitude towards foreign aids in order to respond to revisionists¡¦ point of view. Thus, we can prove that people surely can form their own information shortcut and express their own feelings without the suggestion of political elites.

This study attempts to systematically analyze the determinants of state participation in International Environmental Agreements (IEAs). The study focuses on two core elements: (i) IEA characteristics; and (ii) state characteristics. Hypotheses for state participation in IEAs are formulated based on the two main International Relations theories dealing with cooperation – Realism and Liberalism. The study presents five different models for state participation in IEAs. The first model analyzes the influence of treaty variables, while the remaining four focus on state variables. The second and third models analyze the influence of Realist and Liberal variables respectively. The fourth model specifically focuses on variables which reflect the various socio-economic, political and logistical constraints of developing countries. The fifth model presents an integrated analysis of participation based on the previous models. Results of the study show that participation can be understood in terms of both the Realist and Liberal variables, and that there can be no rarefied partitioning of those factors on participation. More specifically, the study empirically demonstrates that state participation in IEAs is influenced by the following four main factors: (i) the impact of domestic and international institutions (ii) human development; (iii) power motivations; and (iv) IEA design. Policies proposed to increase participation in IEAs therefore have to enhance any positive influence exerted by these parameters, and mitigate their negative influences, if any.

Nowadays, industries are characterised by their speed and changeability. Many institutions from the industrial environment, such as the technological development, appear to vary over industries. Industries are generally characterised by their instability. In addition, it is a common trend for MNCs to start the development of products in multiple countries. This in turn seems to bring many problems with it along, such as the lack of communication between departments and the difficulties of sharing knowledge. The recognition of implications for New Product Development (NPD) best practices in a sophisticated industry and complex international environment therefore led us to the overarching research question: “How can MNCs from different industries best manage their corporate portfolio of New Product Developments (NPDs) on an international level?” The following three considerations are used to help us answer the main issue: (1) how NPD best practices can create a competitive advantage for MNCs, (2) how industrial institutions can influence the NPD best practices, and (3) how international institutions can influence the NPD best practices. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to comprise the academic research of NPD best practices for MNCs with both the industrial and international institutions that influence NPD best practices of MNCs. This research has been conducted through a qualitative research; six industrial cases from five MNCs have therefore been used to answer these questions. Empirical data was gathered through five face-to-face interviews and one phone interview. The theoretical framework therefore includes the NPD best practices, and the main institutions within both the industrial and international environment. These three areas have been synthesised from the earlier on mentioned three themes, which have been used as a basis throughout the empirical findings. Within the analysis, the theoretical framework and empirical findings have been systematically combined to find answers regarding our three sub questions. Concluding, it seems that strategy, processes, resources and capabilities, and portfolio management are commonly used practices, whereas these seem to be influenced by both industrial and international institutions.

The main aim of this thesis is to specify corporate culture of chosen companies in the international environment and its comparison. For investigation has been chosen small-sized hotels, when one of them is located in the Czech Republic and the second one in Spain. Then was chosen international hotel chain, which has offices in already mentioned countries. For investigation of corporate culture in chosen hotels two surveys were used The Values Survey Module 1994 (VSM 94) and "Color test of semantic differential" (TBSD). By obtained results it was possible to find some differences in corporate culture in small-sized hotels and then suggestion of advice for each of them was made. According to results of the international hotel chain survey it was suggested, how it is possible to make its corporate culture multinational.

The thesis analyses management of receivables within international environment. In the theoretical part the general characteristics of the receivables are described as well as the possibilities of their control and management from the perspective of the global company. Based on the chosen methodology, the practical part analyses the process of the credit management in a specific global company and the new process that uses a segmentation of the portfolio is proposed.