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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 110 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-76).

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La situation préoccupante de l'économie internationale lors des dernières années révèle la nécessité urgente de repenser la régulation économique contemporaine. Ce travail de thèse se centre sur l'étude du Système Monétaire International (SMI) et soutient que celui-ci est un facteur d'instabilité. L'objectif de cette recherche est double. Il s'agit d'abord de montrer que l'utilisation de monnaies nationales dans les opérations économiques internationales provoque des tensions pouvant déboucher sur des crises. La vérification de ce premier point nous mène, ensuite, à proposer des éléments pour une possible réforme structurelle du SMI.Pour cela, la recherche s'appuie sur les apports théoriques de différents courants qui permettent de détecter la formation de tensions propres au SMI dans des contextes historiques très différents. Sur cette base, la thèse soutient qu'au fur et à mesure que les relations économiques internationales se développent, le SMI provoque des tensions croissantes qui empêchent une gestion stable de la liquidité internationale sur le long terme.En partant de ce constat deux analyses sont menées : d'une part, celle des formes que ces tensions ont prises depuis la généralisation de l'utilisation des monnaies-clé, d'autre part, celle des stratégies suivies par les Etats, non seulement pour se placer dans le SMI mais aussi pour calmer les tensions du système. Cette analyse intègre également une étude critique de la crise contemporaine et plus particulièrement des tensions observées aux Etats-Unis et au sein de l'Eurozone. Tout en admettant la multi-dimensionnalité et la complexité de cette crise, ce travail met en lumière le rôle déterminant qu'a eu l'architecture monétaire dans la formation des instabilités. En effet, la crise résulte à la fois d'une régulation de type libéral du marché financier, et, des tensions cumulées à l'intérieur des zones.Finalement, pour apporter une réponse à ces défaillances du SMI, la thèse propose une série de réformes structurelles, autant sur l'aspect financier que monétaire. / The worrying situation of the international economy in the last years clearly shows the necessity to rethink the international economic regulation. This PHD thesis focuses on the study of the International Monetary System (IMS) and claims that it is a destabilizing factor. The research has a two-fold purpose. First, it shows that the use of national money at an international level creates tensions that can ultimately lead to economic crisis. Once this assertion is verified, some proposals are made for a structural reform of the IMS.For this double aim, a heterogeneous theoretical approach is built in order to detect inherent tensions of the IMS in different historical contexts. On that basis, the thesis argues that while international economic relations develop, the IMS creates inherent tensions that make it difficult to grant a stable management of international liquidity.In the light of this, two analysis are developed in this research. First, it is shown how inherent tensions have repeatedly appeared in the international economy since the generalization of the “key-currency” system. Second, the research explains the different national strategies pursued both for the integration in the IMS and for relieving the observed tensions. Recent tensions in the United States and in the Eurozone are studied carefully. From the study of these cases one main conclusion is made about the instability of the IMS, which is that crisis occurs due to destabilizing dynamics in a liberalized financial system and from accumulated tensions inside and among monetary zones.Finally, in order to correct the failures observed in the international monetary architecture, some structural reforms are proposed, both in the financial field and in the monetary one.

Orientador: Daniela Magalhães Prates / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T04:15:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Conti_BrunoMartarellode_D.pdf: 3500035 bytes, checksum: ceb5824c5c7603d7f2b438d37029341f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Países periféricos apresentam especificidades na dinâmica de suas taxas de câmbio e juros e na condução de sua política econômica que nem sempre são consideradas pela teoria econômica ortodoxa. Defende-se nesta tese que as ditas especificidades decorrem preponderantemente de uma assimetria característica da configuração econômica global, a assimetria monetária. O Sistema Monetário Internacional é hierarquizado, segundo a capacidade das moedas nacionais de exercerem suas funções clássicas em âmbito internacional. De acordo com o exercício (ou não exercício) de suas funções no cenário internacional, as moedas são (ou não) detentoras do que se chama nesta tese de "liquidez da divisa". E a liquidez internacional das moedas tem influência direta sobre as características de sua demanda. No caso das moedas periféricas (ilíquidas em âmbito internacional) essa demanda exige um prêmio pela iliquidez da moeda (ou do ativo denominado nessa moeda), que determina uma taxa de juros mais elevada do que aquela verificada nos países centrais. Adicionalmente, essa demanda apresenta uma maior sensibilidade ao estado de confiança dos agentes globais (ou à preferência internacional pela liquidez), influenciando o grau de estabilidade dos fluxos de capitais que se dirigem a esses países. Sendo instáveis, esses fluxos exercem uma pressão que tende a aumentar a volatilidade das taxas de câmbio dos respectivos países e, em função da importância dessa taxa para a economia nacional, a engendrar importantes problemas para o manejo da política econômica / Abstract: Peripheral countries have a specific dynamics on their exchange and interest rates and on the conduction of their economic policy that are sometimes not considered by orthodox economic theory. This thesis proposes that these specificities originate mainly from an asymmetry that characterizes global economic configuration, the monetary asymmetry. The International Monetary System is hierarchised according to the ability of each national currency to fulfil classical money functions in the international sphere. Actually, it is the use (or non use) of a currency at the supranational level that determines if it possesses (or not) what is named in this thesis the "foreign exchange liquidity". And the liquidity of a currency or an asset denominated on this currency settles the characteristics of the demand for it. For peripheral currencies, this demand requires a prime for the illiquidity (in the international arena) of the currency (or asset), determining that their interest rates are usually higher than the ones verified in the central countries. Additionally, this demand have a higher sensibility to the global agents' confidence level (or to the "international liquidity preference"), influencing the stability of the capital that flows to these countries. Being unstable, these flows create a pressure over the exchange rates volatility, bringing about important difficulties on the conduction of national economic policies due to the centrality of these rates to the peripheral countries / Doutorado / Teoria Economica / Doutor em Ciências Econômicas

This paper investigates the role of the global excess liquidity for macroeconomic variables, especially asset prices and external imbalance in China. We estimate structural VAR model and find evidence that the surge in global liquidity has limited effects on China's price level, output and asset prices. By inspecting the structural decomposition, we find that global output and inflation shocks affect domestic macroeconomic fluctuation. Using sign restrictions, we estimate the impacts of three structural shocks in driving the external imbalance and find that the global excess liquidity is a relevant factor while the shock to financial market may be a more important role in explaining the external imbalance than productivity shock. / Sun, Yun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-63). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Introduction --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2. --- Theoretical background --- p.6 / Chapter 2. --- Data and methodology --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1. --- Data description --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2. --- Methodology --- p.16 / Chapter 3. --- Results and Interpretation --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1. --- Domestic SVAR results --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2. --- A global SVAR analysis for China --- p.35 / Chapter 4. --- Three structural shocks and global imbalance --- p.47 / Chapter 4.1. --- Sign restrictions analysis --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2. --- Empirical Evidence --- p.50 / Chapter 5. --- Conclusion --- p.54 / Chapter A. --- Data --- p.64