Mammalian adrenal cortex morphologically is arranged into three zones: the outer layer, called zona glomerulosa,the middle layer where cells are arranged in more radial fashion called zona faseiculata and the innermost layer bordering the medulla is called zona reticularis. This classification originates with the studies of Arnold in 1866. [...]

There is a lack of understanding of simple or idiopathic hirsutism concerning both the etiology and the treatment. Even the nature of normal hair growth itself is not completely clarified. Hirsutism has been reported in a variety of conditions. lt may be associated with defects of the pituitary gland, the adrenal gland, the ovary, and the thyroid gland, with genetic defects, central nervous system defects, and other miscellaneous conditions, e.g. pregnancy, burns, anorexia nervosa, dermatomyositis, treatment vith certain drugs, thymic tumor, mumps, teratomata (Brookbank review, 1961).

Missing pg. 134. / In 1961, Dr. C.J. Pattee and Dr. R. Gillies observed a decreased response of plasma 17-hydroxycorticoid levels when estrogen was administered to subjects with Laennec's cirrhosis. They postulated that these lower blood levels were due to a relative lack of the protein which binds corticoids in the blood. The present investigations were initiated by the author in an attempt to establish the validity of this hypothesis. [...]

The corner-stone of the Renin-Angiotensin System was laid down almost seven decades ago when Tigerstedt and Bergman gave the name "Renin" to the pressor substance they had discovered in kidney extracts (1). However, this discovery was forgotten for many years before its importance was recognized. This recognition came in 1934 when Goldblatt demonstrated the role of the kidney in the pathogenesis of a certain type of hypertension (2) and especially after it appeared that the renal pressor substance might be involved in the pathogenesis of experimental and human hypertension. Thereafter, for many years, the renin-angiotensin system became closely and almost exclusively associated with the field of hypertension. [...]

The anatomical characteristics of the foetal adrenal are: first, its large size in relation to total body weight, and second, the presence of two distinct cellular "zones". During most of pregnancy the foetal zone comprises about 80% of the total adrenal volume, while the adult zone consists of a very thin layer of small cells lying directly beneath the capsule. The difference in the histological appearance of the two zones has led to speculation about their embryological origin. [...]

It is a challenge to research that although over 40 years have passed since the discovery of insulin, much disagreement still exists about the site and mechanism of action of this important hormone. The prevailing theory of action of insulin on carbohydrate metabolism is that this hormone aids the transport of glucose across the cell membrane of insulin-responsive tissues, a barrier which the sugar could not easily traverse in the absence of insulin (1). [...]

Pictures glued together and ripped, scanned as found. / It is now widely recognized that the proteinuria in nephrosis is due to increased glomerular filtration rather than to decreased tubular reabsorption of proteins (1-4). [...]

Since its discovery in 1939-1940, interest in angiotensin was centered mainly on its spectacular pressor activity, and it was suggested that the substance was responsible for the elevation of blood pressure in hypertensive vascular disease. Many groups of investigators attempted to determine the role, if any, of angiotensin in the pathogenesis of human essential and renovascular hypertension. Most of these studies were of a doubtful value because of the technical difficulties inherent to the determination of blood angiotensin. [...]

The biosynthesis of adrenocortical steroids has been intensively studied in the last decade or so. Comprehensive reviews have appeared covering multiple aspects of the processes involved in the elaboration of the cortical secretory products under various experimental conditions (1, 2, 3, 3a). [...]

Until recently, the terms chronic bronchitis and emphysema were used loosely and considerable confusion resulted from the different uses of both terms. For example, the condition which was called chronic bronchitis in the United Kingdom was often called emphysema or asthma in the United States (Fletcher,l959). In order to clarify the terminology a Ciba guest symposium was held in 1959. [...]