Guo Lulu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 49-52). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / 论文摘要 --- p.ii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF FIGURE AND TABLES --- p.v / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Highlight on IT Industry --- p.5 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Literature Review --- p.9 / Chapter 3.1 --- Bartlett and Ghoshal's Business Strategy Typology --- p.9 / Chapter 3.2 --- Global Integration-Local Responsiveness (I-R) Paradigm --- p.12 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Conceptual Framework and Hypotheses --- p.13 / Chapter 4.1 --- Parent-subsidary Relationship --- p.13 / Chapter 4.2 --- Motivations of Overseas Investments --- p.15 / Chapter 4.3 --- Local Challenges --- p.20 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Cultural Differences --- p.20 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Human Resource Management (HRM) Difficulties --- p.22 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Local Resource Support Deficiency --- p.23 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Research Methodology --- p.25 / Chapter 5.1 --- Sample and Data Collection --- p.25 / Chapter 5.2 --- Variables --- p.25 / Chapter 5.3 --- Data Analyses --- p.26 / Chapter 5.4 --- Respondent Profile --- p.27 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Data Analyses and Results --- p.30 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Discussions and Implications --- p.39 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Limitations and Conclusion --- p.47 / REFERENCES --- p.49 / APPENDIX --- p.53 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.54

No description available.

by Yiu Wing-Yee. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-116). / ABSTRACT --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / LIST OF FIGYRES --- p.vii / CHAPTER / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Overview --- p.1 / Purposes of The Study --- p.2 / Scope of The Study --- p.4 / Foreign Entry Mode --- p.4 / Country- of-Destination --- p.5 / Country-of-Origin --- p.5 / Industries --- p.5 / Importance of the Study --- p.5 / Theoretical Importance --- p.5 / Methodological Importance --- p.6 / Practical Importance --- p.6 / Structure of The Thesis --- p.7 / Chapter 2. --- FOREIGN ENTRY MODE CHOICE - AN OVERVIEW --- p.8 / "What is ""Foreign Entry Mode Choice""" --- p.8 / Research Streams on Foreign Entry Mode Choice --- p.9 / Determinants of Foreign Entry Mode Choice --- p.9 / Foreign Entry Mode and Performance --- p.12 / Theoretical Overview --- p.14 / Transaction Cost Approach to Entry Mode Choice --- p.14 / Eclectic Approach to Foreign Entry Mode Choice --- p.16 / Overview of Past Empirical Studies --- p.18 / Comment on Existing Literature --- p.20 / Chapter 3. --- FOREIGN ENTRY MODE CHOICE - AN INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE --- p.24 / Overview of Institutional Theory --- p.24 / Which Version of Institutional Theory to Be Used --- p.28 / Phenomenon to be Explained --- p.28 / Definition of Institution --- p.29 / Mechanism --- p.30 / Consequence --- p.30 / Level of Analysis --- p.31 / Summary --- p.31 / A Conceptual Model of Institutional Factors and Foreign Entry Mode Choice --- p.32 / Institutional Factors and Foreign Entry Mode Choice --- p.33 / Host country restrictiveness and foreign entry mode choice --- p.33 / Cultural distance and foreign entry mode choice --- p.35 / Historical norm and foreign entry mode choice --- p.37 / Transaction Cost Factors and Foreign Entry Mode Choice --- p.38 / Host market potential --- p.38 / Diversification --- p.39 / Parent experience --- p.40 / Asset specificity --- p.41 / Relative size of subsidiary to parent --- p.42 / Subsidiary age --- p.43 / Chapter 4. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.44 / Sample --- p.45 / Measures --- p.48 / Dependent Variable --- p.48 / Independent Variables --- p.48 / Institutional variables --- p.48 / Transaction cost variables --- p.61 / Analysis --- p.63 / Chapter 5. --- RESULTS --- p.65 / Relationship Among Variables --- p.65 / Overview of the WOS and TV Distribution among Countries --- p.65 / Logistic Regression Analysis --- p.68 / Additional Findings --- p.72 / Chapter 6. --- DISCUSSION --- p.80 / Institutional Factors --- p.80 / Transaction Cost Factors --- p.83 / Comparisons between Institutional Factors and Transaction Cost Factors --- p.85 / Synthesizing Institutional Factors and Transaction Cost Factors --- p.91 / Chapter 7. --- CONCLUSION --- p.94 / APPENDIX --- p.98 / REFERENCES --- p.108

Liu, Junyi. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-79). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Table of Content / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Table of Content --- p.iv / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- "“Race to the bottom""" --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- The New Context of International Trade --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Related party trade of Hong Kong --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Transfer Pricing --- p.6 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- The Theory --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Literature Review --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3 --- The Model --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4 --- MNC Manipulation Of Transfer Pricing --- p.20 / Chapter 2.5 --- MNC Manipulation Of Host Country Demand --- p.25 / Chapter 2.6 --- MNC Manipulation Of Explicit Benchmarks On Transfer Prices --- p.28 / Chapter 2.7 --- The Race to the Bottom in International Tax Competition --- p.32 / Chapter 2.8 --- Textbook Model without Transfer Pricing --- p.35 / Chapter 2.9 --- Concluding Remarks --- p.37 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Empirical Evidence --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2 --- Related Literature --- p.41 / Chapter 3.3 --- Data and Empirical Specification --- p.44 / Chapter 3.4 --- Empirical Results --- p.51 / Appendix --- p.58 / List of Tables --- p.63 / Table 1 Related Party Trade as a Share of U.S. Imports from Selected Countries and Regions --- p.63 / Table 2 Related Party Trade as a Share of U.S. Exports from Selected Countries and Regions --- p.63 / "Table 3A Top 10 Source Countries for Re-exports via Hong Kong, 2006" --- p.64 / "Table 3B: Top 10 Destinations of Re-exports via Hong Kong, 2006" --- p.64 / Table 4A: Top 10 sources of China's FDI in 2005 --- p.64 / Table 4B: Top 10 sources of China's FDI in 2006 --- p.64 / Table 4C Top 10 sources of China's FDI (January to March 2007) --- p.64 / Table 5 Round Tripping of FDI to the PRC: The Case of U.S. --- p.65 / Table 6 Top 24 Destinations for FDI in 2005 --- p.65 / Table 7 Percentage of foreign firms reporting losses in the PRC --- p.65 / Table 8 43 Countries by region --- p.66 / Table 9 Gross Foreign Productions of U.S. Multinationals by Country from 1997 to 2004 --- p.66 / Table 10 Tax Rates by Country from 1997 to 2004 --- p.67 / Table 11 Original Corruption Index by country from 1997 to 2004 --- p.68 / Table 12 U.S. MNCs' Internal Trade Ratio by country from 1997 to 2004 --- p.69 / Table 13 - OLS Regression of Foreign Productions on Present Tax Rates --- p.70 / Table 14 - OLS Regression of Foreign Productions on Present Tax Rates --- p.71 / Table 15 OLS Regression of Foreign Productions on One-Year-Lag Tax Rate --- p.71 / Table 16 OLS Regression of Foreign Productions on One-Year-Before Tax Rate --- p.72 / Table 17 OLS Regression of Foreign Productions on Corruption A and B --- p.72 / Table 18 OLS Regression of Foreign Productions on Corruption B and C --- p.73 / Table 19 OLS Regression of Tax Rate on Country Dummies --- p.74 / Bibliography --- p.76

No description available.

A state contract is a common mode of entry for foreign direct investment, especially in developing states. It can form the legal basis of the investment relationship between a foreign investor and a host government. But, like any other contract, it cannot stand itself covering all aspects of the legal relationship. The contract thus must belong to a specific legal system or a body of rules or principles which is usually called “applicable law “or “governing law”.Historically, a “concession contract” in the natural resources sector was the predominant form of a state contract and it used to be governed by the domestic law of each host state. However, since the 1950s, international investment arbitrations have abandoned the tradition and advanced a theory subjecting state contracts in the foreign investment sector to an external legal system, ie public international law. One of the bases of the theory of internationalisation was the principle of party autonomy that allows parties to a state contract to select any law of whatever country they like. Then, the 1965 Washington Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States (ICSID Convention)1 formally adopted the principle of party autonomy in Article 42 (1) as the primary choice of law rule in disputes arising out a foreign investment contract concluded between a state and a national of another state.The object of this thesis is to prove that the fundamental problems of party autonomy in foreign investment contracts involving considerations of public and private law issues remain unsettled. It explores the main controversies and confusions in the theory of internationalising state contracts, looking at its historical context. It examines the extent of the application of party autonomy in state contracts such as natural resource exploitation contracts and construction of a plant and infrastructure contracts which reflect important economic development policies of developing countries.In considering past and current problems in the field of international investment law, the thesis argues that arbitral tribunals resolving disputes between a state and a foreign private individual should abandon the party autonomy approach because contractual freedom to choose the law of the contract would disregard the objectives which host states normally pursue through economic regulations such as development, environment and human rights concerns of foreign investment. It suggests a consensus-based approach similar to the rule adopted in the Hague Convention on the Law Applicable to Certain Rights in Respect of Securities (Hague Securities Convention)2 and which would produce the desired effect. It recommends that the choice of law provisions found in Article 42 of ICSID Convention would need to be either modified or repealed. In doing so, this thesis attempts to contribute to the positive development of international investment law balancing state authority and private property rights.

Organizational learning and innovation capabilities are widely regarded as important sources of competitive advantage as they enhance a firm’s capacity to create, maintain, expand and renew its bases of strategic resources, and, as a result, increase its chances of success in the marketplace. Despite this recognition, the rational choice assumption implicit in Dunning’s (1980) ownership, location and internalization (OLI) advantages model of foreign direct investment (FDI) has led researchers to assume away firm-level differences in knowledge management capability (KMC) such as market orientation that influence how small and medium enterprise (SME) acquires knowledge and use the insights gained to assess and respond to both host market opportunities and uncertainties. This study addresses this theoretical gap in FDI research by exploring three related issues. 1/. How does a SME’s market orientation influence its competitiveness in a foreign market? 2/. What is the effect of a SME’s knowledge related competitive advantages on the level of FDI it chooses to have in its operations in its most important foreign market? 3/. How does a SMIE’s investment readiness [a proxy for financial capital adequacy] moderate the link between a SME’s perceived competitiveness and its level of FDI in a foreign market? Overall the study shows that adopting an organizational capability perspective that focuses on an individual SME’s capabilities and incorporating strategic considerations in FDI analysis complements the industry-based OLI model that appears better suited for explaining broad patterns of FDI flows at the industry level. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Bibliography: leaves 303-339. / 339 leaves ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Graduate School of Management, 2001

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-134). Also available in electronic version.