plan B / Pacific Islands Studies

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: leaf 241-255.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - James Cook University, 2004. / Typescript (photocopy). Appendices : leaves 141-146. Bibliography : leaves 147-169. Also available in an electronic version via the Internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - James Cook University, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy) Bibliography: p. 511-553.

"Honours dissertation." / Originally issued as the author's thesis (B.S.--Charles Sturt University). Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-196).

Thèse--Neuchâtel. / "Sources manuscrites et bibliographie": p. [599]-614.

"Honours dissertation." / Originally issued as the author's thesis (B.S.--Charles Sturt University). Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-196).

Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003. / AD-A420 221. Thesis advisor(s): Gaye Christoffersen, Lyman Miller. Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-94). Also available online.

At the end of the nineteenth and at the beginning of the twentieth century, the Queen Charlotte Islands were witness to dramatic transformations. Surveyors and scientists mapped the islands, describing the resources and conditions. Because of the favourable climate and locale, settlers and capital flowed to the Islands, changing the landscapes. And although the Islands' indigenous peoples embraced many aspects of the modernisation in the islands, they were excluded from claims to the islands. The modernization of the Queen Charlotte Islands came to a fevered climax in 1913, with the building of canneries, mines whaling stations, and logging camps, and with a flurry of land speculation. Haida frustration also increased at this time, spurned by their alienation from the land and their treatment as wards of the state. This thesis considers these transformations in the Queen Charlotte Islands by reflecting on various representations of place. Through these disparate images is the common narrative of progress through which the Islands are framed - be it through various prospects of tourism, science, capital, church or bureaucracy. What becomes apparent in all attempts to define and describe this place are the failures of vocabularies that are brought by settlers and visitors and imposed upon the Islands. Rather, the ability to know and control becomes allusive, thus openning more questions into the meaning of place. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

A warming Southern Ocean (SO), due to climate change and global warming, has many implications on the sub-Antarctic Islands in the SO. Due to the distance away from continental land these islands experience an oceanic climate, making them the perfect sentinels to climate change in this sector of the Southern Ocean. Studies have proposed that climate changes reported at the Prince Edward Islands (PEIs) correspond in time to a southward shift of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) particularly the Subantarctic Front (SAF). While other studies have shown distinctive trends in ocean and atmospheric parameters such as sea surface temperature (SST), air temperature, sunshine, rainfall, air sea level pressure and wind speed and direction from the 1950s to the early 2000s, the aim of this study is to update those studies to a more recent time with updated time series. Among the changes recorded is an increase in SST and air temperature, which is a strong indication of the changing local and global climate. Using linear regression, this study showed that the rates of increase from 1949 to 2018 of the SST (0.022°C/year), minimum (0.0072°C/year) and maximum air temperatures (0.016°C/year) are smaller than estimated in previous studies. The increasing trend in SST and air temperature reported by previous papers has actually stopped since the 2000s, which reduces the formerly reported trend (0.028°C/year). Although the in-situ measured SST data had gaps, a good correlation with in-situ SST and large scale satellite derived Reynolds SST help to corroborate the covariation between SST, in-situ SST and air temperature giving weight to the hypothesis of a reversal of the positive temperature trends reported by others. The change in decadal variability a decrease in air pressure of 4 hPa since the late 1990s to late 2000s, which coincided with a decrease in minimum and maximum air temperatures of 1°C over the same period; decrease in westerly wind and an increase in the northerly component of the wind, which would explain the decrease of inshore sea surface temperature a while thereafter. This study further corroborates previous findings of a continued decrease in rainfall, while the sunshine has largely remained the same. The seasonal cycle of the air pressure is significantly associated with that of rainfall, showing that the bimodal high air pressure signature resulting from the Semi-annual Oscillation (SAO) is associated with a decrease in rainfall. The Southern Annual Mode (SAM) was significantly yet weakly correlated with the SST (0.24), rainfall (-0.25) and air pressure (0.16), indicating that it does have an impact at the PEIs but not as strong as previously speculated. The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has very weak and insignificant relationships with the parameters examined except for a weak relationship with in-situ SST, sunshine and air pressure. These new insights, especially at the decadal timescale, could further our insight on how subAntarctic islands have responded to climatic changes.