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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Nouvelles architectures d’antennes à éléments parasites pour la polarisation circulaire : Application à la conception d’une antenne en bande X pour nanosatellite / New architectures of antennas with parasitic elemen ts for circular polarization : Application for the design of an X-band antenna for Nano-Satellite

Fouany, Jamil 10 December 2015 (has links)
Les investigations présentées dans ce mémoire de doctorat portent sur la synthèse d’antennes à éléments parasites à polarisation circulaire. Une stratégie de conception rapide et efficace est développée et mise en oeuvre pour synthétiser des diagrammes de rayonnement à multiples objectifs. Des éléments parasites peuvent ainsi être associés à d’autres antennes pour en améliorer les performances. Deux antennes ont été imaginées. Un premier démonstrateur d’AEP directive à polarisation circulaire et à bande élargie a été conçu. Ce démonstrateur qui se compose de l’association de 18 dipôles parasites avec une antenne spirale logarithmique a été fabriqué et mesuré. Un second prototype d’AEP a été inventé dans le cadre d’un projet spatiale «Antenne Isoflux Bande-X pour nano-satellite». L’antenne compacte a été développée pour supporter les débits de transmission des futures missions des plateformes Nano-Satellite « Cube-Sat ». Ce prototype associe une antenne patch avec une distribution de 12 dipôles parasites pour réaliser une couverture Isoflux en polarisation circulaire. Cette antenne a été mesurée sur sa plateforme d’accueil. / The investigations presented in this thesis propose the synthesis of circularly polarized antennas with parasitic elements. An innovative and effective strategy is developed and implemented to synthesize a multi-objective radiation patterns. Parasitic elements can also be associated with other antennas to improve the performances. Two antennas were suggested. The first one represents a wide band circularly polarized directive antenna with parasitic elements. This demonstrator consists of the combination of 18 parasitic dipoles with a logarithmic spiral antenna; this antenna was manufactured and measured. The second antenna is a part of a space project « Isoflux X-Band antenna for Nano-Satellite». This compact antenna has been developed to support transmission rates for future mission.
2

Optimisation des antennes MARPEM (Matrice agile rayonnantes à pixel élaborés en Meta‐matériaux) par l’utilisation de formes d’ondes spécifique / Optimization of Antenna ARMA (Agile Matrix Antenna radiating by pixel elaborated with Meta-material) For beam forming for the RFID and Radar Applications

Siblini, Ali 27 October 2017 (has links)
Cette thèse est basée sur un brevet réalisé chez XLIM Systèmes RF. La thèse précédente se concentre sur la partie théorique MARPEM et une certaine validation en polarisation linéaire. Dans cette thèse, nous avons visé à introduire le système MARPEM aux applications de polarisation circulaire en général et aux applications spatiales en particulier. Dans toute la thèse, MARPEM à polarité circulaire avec une architecture différente est réalisée avec la conception de circuits de polarisation et de diviseurs de puissance. On présente la formation de faisceau du motif Isoflux large avec le taux d'ellipticité, ainsi que des faisceaux de balayage sont réalisés pour grand azimut angles avec un bon taux d'ellipticité. Tous les résultats sont comparés à l'antenne réseau classique AESA. La fabrication de MARPEM à polarité circulaire et les circuits de polarisation et le diviseur de puissance sont effectués et les mesures correspondantes sont présentées. Ensuite, dans les perspectives, on s'attend à des défis différents dans un travail futur pour l'amélioration de système MARPEM. / This thesis is based on a patent done at XLIM RF-Systems. Previous thesis focuses on the ARMA theoretical part and some validation in linear polarization. In this thesis we aimed to introduce the system ARMA to the circular polarization applications in general and to space applications especially. In the entire thesis circularly polarized ARMA with different architecture are achieved with the design of polarization circuits and power dividers. Beam forming of the wide Isoflux pattern with the axial ratio are presented, also scanning beams are achieved for far angles with good axial ratio. All the results are compared with the classical array antenna AESA. Manufacturing of circularly polarized ARMA and the polarization circuits and the power divider are done and the corresponding measurements are presented. Then in the perspectives different challenges are expected to be in a future work for enhancement of the whole ARMA system.
3

Fluxes of Atmospheric Methane Using Novel Instruments, Field Measurements, and Inverse Modeling

Santoni, Gregory Winn 25 September 2013 (has links)
The atmospheric concentration of methane \((CH_4)\) - the most significant non-\(CO_2\) anthropogenic long-lived greenhouse gas - stabilized between 1999 and 2006 and then began to rise again. Explanations for this behavior differ but studies agree that more measurements and better modeling are needed to reliably explain the model-data discrepancies and predict future change. This dissertation focuses on measurements of \(CH_4\) and inverse modeling of atmospheric \(CH_4\) fluxes using field measurements at a variety of spatial scales. We first present a new fast-response instrument to measure the isotopic composition of \(CH_4\) in ambient air. The instrument was used to characterize mass fluxes and isofluxes (a isotopically-weighted mass flux) from a well-studied research fen in New Hampshire. Eddy-covariance and automatic chamber techniques produced consistent estimates of both the \(CH_4\) fluxes and their isotopic composition at sub-hourly resolution. We then characterize fluxes of \(CH_4\) from aircraft engines using measurements made with the same instrument during the Alternative Aviation Fuel Experiment (AAFEX), a study that aimed to determine the atmospheric impacts of alternative fuel use in the growing aviation industry. Emissions of \(CO_2\), \(CH_4\), and \(N_2O\) from different synthetic fuels were statistically indistinguishable from those of the widely used JP-8 jet fuel. We then present airborne observations of the long-lived greenhouse gas suite – \(CO_2\), \(CH_4\), \(N_2O\), and CO – during two aircraft campaigns, HIPPO and CalNex, made using a similar instrument built specifically for the NCAR HIAPER GV aircraft. These measurements are compared to data from other onboard sensors and show excellent agreement. We discuss the details of the end-to-end calibration procedures and the data quality-assurance and quality-control (QA/QC). Lastly, we quantify a top-down estimate of California’s \(CH_4\) emission inventory using the CalNex \(CH_4\) observations. Observed \(CH_4\) enhancements above background concentrations are simulated using a lagrangian transport model driven by validated meteorology. A priori source-specific emission inventories are optimized in a Bayesian inversion framework to show that California’s \(CH_4\) budget is 1.6 ± 0.34 times larger than the current estimate of California’s Air Resources Board (CARB), the body charged with enforcing the California Global Solutions Act and tracking emission changes over time. Findings highlight large underestimates of emissions from cattle and natural gas infrastructure. / Earth and Planetary Sciences

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