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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

S?ntese, caracteriza??o e estudo da associa??o em meio aquoso de copol?meros responsivos de carboximetilcelulose-g-Jeffamine?

Marques, N?via do Nascimento 17 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-25T20:20:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 NiviaDoNascimentoMarques_TESE.pdf: 5195117 bytes, checksum: 8d7d4debf09d19f1c68476d90c92aa9f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-25T21:40:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 NiviaDoNascimentoMarques_TESE.pdf: 5195117 bytes, checksum: 8d7d4debf09d19f1c68476d90c92aa9f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-25T21:40:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NiviaDoNascimentoMarques_TESE.pdf: 5195117 bytes, checksum: 8d7d4debf09d19f1c68476d90c92aa9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Esta tese apresenta a s?ntese, caracteriza??o e o comportamento associativo em meio aquoso de novos copol?meros responsivos graftizados, tendo a carboximetilcelulose (CMC) como cadeia principal hidrossol?vel e as Jeffamine? M-2070 e Jeffamine? M-600 (poli?teraminas comerciais) como enxertos termorresponsivos. A s?ntese foi feita em meio aquoso, por meio do uso da 1-(3-(dimetilamino)propil)-3-etil-carbodiimida e da N-hidroxisuccinimida como ativadores da rea??o entre os grupos carboxilato do polissacar?deo e o grupamento amino das poli?teraminas. A rea??o de graftiza??o foi confirmada por infravermelho e o grau de substitui??o por RMN 1H. A massa molar das poli?teraminas utilizadas foi determinada por RMN 1H, enquanto que a massa molar da CMC e dos copol?meros foi determinada por espalhamento de luz est?tico. O comportamento t?rmico do estado s?lido foi avaliado por an?lise termogravim?trica. O efeito da adi??o de sal na associa??o dos copol?meros foi avaliado em diferentes meios aquosos (?gua Milli-Q, NaCl 0,5M, K2CO3 0,5M e em ?gua do mar sint?tica) atrav?s das t?cnicas de UV-vis, reologia e espalhamento de luz din?mico. Nenhum dos copol?meros exibiu turva??o em ?gua Milli-Q quando aquecidos de 25 at? 95 ?C, a 5g/L, provavelmente em fun??o do aumento da hidrofilicidade dos enxertos pela rea??o com a CMC, e tamb?m atrav?s do afastamento entre os enxertos promovidos pela repuls?o eletrost?tica entre os grupos carboxilato do polissacar?deo. Entretanto, os copol?meros apresentaram turva??o na presen?a de sais, devido ao efeito ?salting out?, sendo que a menor temperatura de turva??o foi observada em K2CO3 0,5M, o que foi atribu?do ? maior for?a i?nica do K2CO3 0,5M em ?gua, combinado com a habilidade do CO32- de diminuir as intera??es pol?mero-solvente. As cadeias dos copol?meros apresentaram maior raio hidrodin?mico do que a CMC e as associa??es dependeram do solvente e da composi??o do copol?mero. A viscosidade dos copol?meros no meio aquoso variou em fun??o da adi??o de sais ao meio, temperatura e composi??o polim?rica, sendo observado comportamento termoviscosificante em K2CO3 0,5M quando temperatura foi elevada de 25 para 60 ?C. Este comportamento pode ser atribu?do ?s associa??es intermoleculares quando a temperatura est? acima da temperatura de turva??o do pol?mero. / This thesis presents the synthesis, characterization and study of the associative behaviour in aqueous media of new responsive graft copolymers, based on carboxymethylcellulose as the water-soluble backbone and Jeffamine? M-2070 e Jeffamine? M-600 (commercial polyetheramines) as the thermoresponsive grafts with high cloud point temperatures in water. The synthesis was performed on aqueous medium, by using 1-ethyl-3- (3-(dimethylamino)-propyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide as activators of the reaction between carboxylategroupsfrom carboxymethylcellulose and amino groups from polyetheramines. The grafting reaction was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and the grafting percentage by 1H NMR. The molar mass of the polyetheramines was determined by 1H NMR, whereas the molar mass of CMC and graft copolymers was determined by static light scattering. The salt effect on the association behaviour of the copolymers was evaluated in different aqueous media (Milli-Q water, 0.5M NaCl, 0.5M K2CO3 and synthetic sea water), at different temperatures, through UV-vis, rheology and dynamic light scattering. None of the copolymers solutions, at 5 g/L, turned turbid in Milli-Q water when heated from 25 to 95 ?C, probably because of the increase in hydrophibicity promoted by CMC backbone. However, they became turbid in the presence of salts, due to the salting out effect, where the lowest cloud point was observed in 0.5M K2CO3, which was attributed to the highest ionic strength in water, combined to the ability of CO3 2- to decrease polymer-solvents interactions. The hydrodynamic radius and apparent viscosity of the copolymers in aqueous medium changed as a function of salts dissolved in the medium, temperature and copolymer composition. Thermothickening behaviour was observed in 0.5M K2CO3 when the temperature was raised from 25 to 60?C. This performance can be attributed to intermolecular associations as a physical network, since the temperature is above the cloud point of the copolymers in this solvent.

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