Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: Dr. Anjaneyulu Krothapalli, Florida State University, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 20, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains xxii, 311 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1981. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-47).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1962. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 19).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1983. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-73).

Potsdam, University, Habil.-Schr., 2002.

Heidelberg, University, Diss., 2001.

Le développement des microbatteries au lithium est freiné par leur coût de production élevé, associé à leur procédé de fabrication par des techniques de dépôt physique en phase vapeur. L’objectif de cette thèse a été de développer de nouveau matériaux et procédés pour diminuer le coût de fabrication des microbatteries au lithium. L’impression jet d’encre est un procédé de fabrication de couches minces rapide, peu onéreux et qui permet un dépôt précis et reproductible. Nous avons donc cherché à élaborer ici des matériaux pour batterie tout-solide au lithium qui soit imprimable. Un électrolyte a été particulièrement développé dans ce but pour qu’il soit imprimable, solidifiable après dépôt et intégrable dans une batterie, c’est-à-dire permettant son bon fonctionnement. Les ionogels apparaissent répondre parfaitement à ce cahier des charges. Ce sont des liquides ioniques (sels fondus à température ambiante) confinés dans une matrice qui leur confère un caractère solide. Ils possèdent de bonnes propriétés de conduction ionique, de bonnes stabilités thermique et électrochimique. Nous avons donc formulé des ionogels par confinement d’un liquide ionique dopé avec un sel de lithium dans une matrice polymère obtenue par la photopolymérisation de monomères dissous dans le liquide ionique. Les propriétés physiques et électrochimiques de ces ionogels ont été étudiées, ainsi que leur compatibilité avec différents matériaux d’électrode dense ou composite poreuse (lithium, LiCoO2, LiFePO4). Des prototypes de microbatteries imprimées pour partie ont été assemblés et cyclés jusqu’à jusqu’à plus de 1000 cycles. / The developpement of lithium microbatteries is hampered by their high production cost, which is due to their manufacturing process by physical vapor deposition techniques. The objective of this thesis was to develop new materials and processes to reduce the manufacturing cost of lithium microbatteries. Inkjet printing is a fast, inexpensive thin-film manufacturing process that allows accurate and reproducible deposition. We have therefore endeavored here to develop materials for a lithium-based all-solid battery that is printable. An electrolyte has been particularly developed for this purpose. It is printable, can be made solid after deposition, and can be integrated into a battery, that is to say it allows its proper functioning. The ionogel appeared to meet this specification perfectly. They are ionic liquids (salts melted at room temperature) confined in a matrix which give them a solid character. They have good ionic conduction properties, good thermal and electrochemical stabilities. We have thus formulated ionogels by confinement of an ionic liquid doped with a lithium salt in polymer matrix obtained by the photopolymerization of monomers dissolved in the ionic liquid. The physical and electrochemical properties of theses ionogels have been studied, as well as their compatibility with different dense or porous composite electrode materials (lithium, , LiCoO2, LiFePO4). Prototypes of microbatteries printed in part have been assembled and cycled for more than 1000 cycles.

The earth's atmosphere is a thin fluid layer covering our planet. As a fluid, it has the important characteristic of supporting wave motions. It is this aspect of the atmosphere which constitutes the subject of this thesis.

Heavy-duty natural gas engines offer air pollution and energy diversity benefits. However, current homogeneous-charge lean-burn engines suffer from impaired efficiency and high unburned fuel emissions. Natural gas direct-injection engines offer the potential of diesel-like efficiencies, but require further research. To improve understanding of the autoignition and emission characteristics of natural gas direct-injection compression-ignition combustion, the effects of key operating parameters (including injection pressure, injection duration, and pre-combustion temperature) and gaseous fuel composition(including the effects of ethane, hydrogen and nitrogen addition) were studied. An experimental investigation was carried out on a shock tube facility. Ignition delay, ignition kernel location, and NOx emissions were measured. The results indicated that the addition of ethane to the fuel resulted in a decrease in ignition delay and a significant increase in NOx emissions. The addition of hydrogen to the fuel resulted in a decrease in ignition delay and a significant decrease in NOx emissions. Diluting the fuel with nitrogen resulted in an increase in ignition delay and a significant decrease in NOx emissions. Increasing pre-combustion temperature resulted in a significant reduction in ignition delay, and a significant increase in NOx emissions. Modest increase in injection pressure reduced the ignition delay; increasing injection pressure resulted in higher NOx emissions. The effects of ethane, hydrogen, and nitrogen addition on the ignition delay of methane were also successfully predicted by FlameMaster simulation. OH radical distribution in the flame was visualized utilizing Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF). Single-shot OH-PLIF images revealed the stochastic nature of the autoignition process of non-premixed methane jets. Examination of the convergence of the ensemble-averaged OH-PLIF images showed that increasing the number of repeat experiments was the most effective way to achieve a more converged result. A combustion model, which incorporated the Conditional Source-term Estimation(CSE) method for the closure of the chemical source term and the Trajectory Generated Low-Dimensional Manifold (TGLDM) method for the reduction of detailed chemistry, was applied to predict the OH distribution in a combusting non-premixed methane jet. The model failed to predict the OH distribution as indicated by the ensemble-averaged OH-PLIF images, since it cannot account for fluctuations in either turbulence or chemistry. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Mechanical Engineering, Department of / Graduate

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