Johnius specis (Sciaenidae) in Taiwanese waters include five species, Johnius amblycephalus, Johnius belengerii, Johnius macrohynus, Johnius dussumieri and Johnius distinctus. They are soniferous fishes. Contraction and relaxation of the sonic muscles cause the swim bladder to pulsate thus generating and amplifying the sounds. Among these species, only males of J. belengerii and J. macrohynus possess sonic muscle, whereas both sexes of the other three species possess sonic muscles. Proteomic characteristics in the male and female sonic muscles are studied in order to observe if obvious dimorphism exists. CO1-gene sequences were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree for these five species. The evolutionary pathway of this tree should suggest the evolutionary change of the sexual dimorphism in the sonic system. Various indices relating to muscle size were higher in male. 17 protein spots were shown in the 2D page for male and female sonic muscles, including 5 structural proteins (Actin alpha skeletal muscle, Tropomyosin-1, Myosin light chain 2, Myosin light chain 3, Myosin light polypeptide 4) and 10 metabolic proteins (Parvalbumin, ATP synthase subunit beta, GTP cyclohydrolase, creatine kinase isoform £\, Muscle-type creatine kinase, Putative pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase, Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase, Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 4, Triosephosphate isomerase, creatine kinase1 ) and stress protein(Heat shock protein 70) . Differences in expression between the sexes were discussed. The resulted phylogenetic trees show that J. belengerii and J. macrohynus are more closely related than to the other three species, which are more basal and members not belong to a specific clade. Whether the common ancestor of Johnius possessed the sonic muscles remains unclear.