Thesis (Ph.D.)--Baylor University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 271-278).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Baylor University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 211-217)

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-15T11:36:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilson Lucas da Silva.pdf: 2177745 bytes, checksum: 8ddd96540058d803702c96da8515de2a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-15T11:36:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilson Lucas da Silva.pdf: 2177745 bytes, checksum: 8ddd96540058d803702c96da8515de2a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-08 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The aim of this writing is to demonstrate the following hypothesis: the moral improvement of the judge implies the betterment of the adjudication. The way to prove it is the application of the theory of the interdependence of the virtues – classically known as connexio virtutum, perhaps the most important topic of Aristotle’s and Thomas Aquinas’ ethical thinking – to the issue of the judge’s virtues. Initially, the idea of fulfilling this application was only to fill a gap present in the literature on the judicial virtues, which makes scarce reference to the topic of the interdependence of the virtues, although it is based primarily on the doctrine of the two mentioned authors. But the results that were obtained through this procedure lead to the conclusion that the increase of the moral character of the magistrate redounds in an administration of justice that meets the individual and collective human needs more effectively. The operation of applying connexio virtutum to judge’s virtues raises at least four questions, whose answers – it is believed – make up the demonstration of the hypothesis here assumed. It is thought that this sets an innovative contribution to the theme of judicial virtues. This work is divided into two major parts: (1) a walk by the found materials on the judicial virtues, in order to characterize this issue, which is still little known in the ambit of the law; and (2) the application of connexio virtutum to the theme of judicial virtues, in order to obtain subsidies that support the claim that proper adjudication and the ethical progress of the judges are closely intertwined / O intuito deste escrito é demonstrar a seguinte hipótese: o aperfeiçoamento moral do juiz implica o aprimoramento da prestação jurisdicional. O meio para comprová-la é a aplicação da teoria da interdependência das virtudes – classicamente conhecida como connexio virtutum, talvez o tópico mais importante do pensamento ético de Aristóteles e de Tomás de Aquino – ao tema das virtudes do juiz. Inicialmente, a ideia de realizar essa aplicação era apenas suprir uma lacuna existente na bibliografia sobre as virtudes judiciais, que faz escassa alusão ao tópico da interdependência das virtudes, embora se baseie principalmente na doutrina dos dois autores referidos. Mas os resultados que se obtiveram por meio desse procedimento conduzem à conclusão de que o incremento do caráter moral do magistrado redunda numa administração da justiça que atende as necessidades humanas individuais e coletivas de forma mais eficaz. A operação de aplicar a connexio virtutum às virtudes do juiz suscita ao menos quatro perguntas, cujas respostas – acredita-se – compõem a demonstração da hipótese aqui assumida. Pensa-se que isto configura um aporte inovador ao tema das virtudes judiciais. Este trabalho articula-se em duas grandes partes: (1) um percurso pelos materiais encontrados sobre as virtudes judiciais, de modo a caracterizar este tema, que ainda é pouco conhecido no âmbito do Direito; e (2) a aplicação da connexio virtutum ao tema das virtudes judiciais, a fim de obter os subsídios que sustentem a afirmação de que a adequada prestação jurisdicional e o progresso ético dos juízes estão intimamente imbricados

One of the central questions in political theory deals with the nature of rights. What sorts of rights do people possess? How are these rights justified? How ought these rights be reflected and related when seen in political, economic, and social institutions? Following the publication of John Rawls' A Theory of Justice (1971) and Robert Nozick's Anarchy, State, and Utopia (1974), rights have once again returned to dominate much of contemporary political theory. However, natural law, which was the historical basis of the early Enlightenment theories of rights, is no longer the primary system appealed to when discussing rights. In fact, classical natural law has been all but discarded in most of political theory today. There has also been renewed debate over the nature of public neutrality, and what the relationship ought to be between the public and private sphere. The mainstream view of how our liberties relate to our rights, as well as what kinds of rights we have over our private affairs, has come under fire from a newly emerging political philosophy known as communitarianism. This thesis will present a robust theory of rights that provides a new understanding of the relationship between positive and negative rights through a defense of classical natural law as an ethical foundation for political theory. It will side with the communitarian critics of public neutrality, and offer a practical method of determining when the state is justified in limiting private liberties due to public interest.