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Review of: Chowdhury, G.G. & Chowdhury, S. Organizing information from the shelf to the Web London: Facet Publishing, 2007. Information Research, 13(1), review no. R291Hjørland, Birger January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
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Knowledge organization systems, network standards and semantic WebSlavic, Aida January 2005 (has links)
Aimed at students of library and information science, this paper is introductory in nature and provides basic information about the relationship between knowledge organization systems, ontologies and the World Wide Web architecture known as the Semantic Web. The Web is expected to be gradually populated by content with formalized semantics that will enable the automation of content organization and its retrieval. As implied by its name, the Semantic Web will assume a higher level of connectivity which is going to be based on resource content and meaning while the information organization will predominantly be automatic i.e. based on machine to machine (m2m) information services. This is the reason why the Semantic idea is closely related to the development of ontologies (a simple explanation of an ontology and ontology languages is given based on relevant literature). Traditional knowledge organization systems (KOS) such as classifications and thesauri have been deployed for resource organization and discovery on the Internet and have become de facto standards in resource discovery. KOS tools are likely to become even more important with the Semantic Web, providing they can be exposed and shared using ontologically orientated standards.
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Book review of: Rowley, Jennifer & Hartley, Richard (2008). Organizing Knowledge. An Introduction to Managing Access to Information. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited. IN: Journal of Documentation, Vol. 65 issue 1, pp. 166-169Hjørland, Birger January 2009 (has links)
No description available.
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Book review of: Marc Ereshefsky. The Poverty of the Linnaean Hierarchy: A Philosophical Study of Biological Taxonomy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.Hjørland, Birger 11 1900 (has links)
A book review of a book criticizing the famous classification system developed by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus (1707â 1778), which has been used and adapted by biologists over a period of almost 250 years.
The review considers theoretical issues in classification and the importance of the book for the field of Knowledge Organization.
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A Preliminary Investigation of Metadata Description Mechanisms for Materials ScienceBartolo, Laura, Lowe, C.S. January 2003 (has links)
Materials Digital Library, Kent State University / Materials Property Data Markup Language (MatML)
provides detailed materials property information necessary
for the exchange of materials science digital resources
among users. Dublin Core (DC) provides a consistent
generic characterization of content important for resource
discovery. The feasibility of reusing detailed information
provided by MatML to supply DC metadata is explored.
Preliminary data gathered from three examples of
materials science resources indicates that MatML tags may
be successfully mapped to DC elements. A prototype webbased
authoring tool designed to assist authors in
generating MatML as well as to map MatML information to
DC elements is discussed.
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Analyzing the role of knowledge organization in scholarly communication: An inquiry into the intellectual foundation of knowledge organizationAndersen, Jack 03 1900 (has links)
In this dissertation I analyze the relationship between social organization and knowledge organization. This analysis is carried out on two levels. The first level consists of three chapters each examining particular perspectives of the relationship. First, in terms of an examination of how communication technologies have shaped forms of social organization. I argue how knowledge organization is constituted by social organization. Second, I further situate knowledge organization in light of Jurgen Habermas theory of the public sphere and argue that his theory can be viewed as a fundamental model of knowledge organization. Third, by drawing on various theories of genre and activity systems, I underpin the connection between social organization in scholarly communication by means of how indexing reflects and responds to the rhetorical activities of scholarly articles. I consider this as how knowledge organization can ascribe cognitive authority to documents. The texts are considered to constitute the mediating link between social organization and knowledge organization. I conclude that this relationship between social organization and knowledge organization must be understood and examined in order to fully account for the role knowledge organization in human activities based on document production and use such as scholarly communication.
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Approaches to Knowledge Organization (KO). Lecture given at the University of Rome. April 20, 2007Hjørland, Birger 04 1900 (has links)
Presentations and discussions of different approaches to Knowledge Organization from Melvil Dewey to Internet enginees:
1. â Traditional approachesâ
2. Management oriented approaches
3. Logical and facet-analytic approaches
4. Computer based approaches
5. Bibliometric approaches
6. User oriented and cognitive approaches
7. Domain analytic approaches
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Deliberate bias in Knowledge Organization? Advances in Knowledge Organization, vol. 11, 2008, pp. 256-261.Hjørland, Birger January 2008 (has links)
"Bias" is normally understood as a negatively loaded word, as something to be avoided or minimized, for example, in statistics or in knowledge organization. Recently Melanie Feinberg suggested, however, that "if we cannot eliminate bias, then we should instead attempt to be more responsible about it and explicitly decide on and defend the perspectives represented in information systems". This view is linked to related views: That knowledge organization is too much concerned with information retrieval and too much described in the mode of scientific discovery, as opposed to the mode of artifact design: "From the literary warrant of Hulme to the terminological warrant of the Classification Research Group (CRG), to Hjørland’s domain analysis, the classificationist seems like one who documents and compiles, and not one who actively shapes design."
This paper examines these claims, which may be understood as questions about subjectivity and objectivity in classification and about positivism versus pragmatism in research. Is KO an objective and neutral activity? Can it be? Should it be? A dominant view has been that knowledge and KO should be understood as a passive reflection of an external order. This has been termed the mirror metaphor of knowledge and is related to empiricism and positivism. The opposite view - which is in accordance with both Feinberg and Hjørland - states that knowledge organization should be functional and thus reflecting given goals, purposes and values. It is related to pragmatism in philosophy.
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Book review of: Wallerstein, I. et al. (1996). Open the Social Sciences, report of the Gulbenkian Commission on the Restructuring of the Social Sciences. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University PressHjørland, Birger January 2000 (has links)
No description available.
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Semantics and Knowledge OrganizationHjørland, Birger 01 1900 (has links)
Contents:
Introduction: The importance of semantics for information science (IS)
The status of semantic research in information science.
Semantics and the philosophy of science.
Semantics and subject knowledge
Semantics and its â warrantâ
a) Query/situation specific or idiosyncratic
b) Universal, Platonic entities/relations
c) â Deep semanticsâ common to all languages (or inherent in cognitive structures)
d) Specific to specific empirical languages (e.g. Swedish)
e) Domain or discourse specific
f) Other (e.g. determined by a company or by a workgroup, â user orientedâ )
Semantic relations
The 'intellectual' versus the social organization of knowledge
Conclusion
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