A sesquiterpene hydroquinone, Aureol (6), was isolated from extracts of Taiwanese Smenospongia sp. collected at Green Island in Taiwen. 6 was acylated to yield a series of derivatives and their structures were identified as O-Methylaureol (40)¡BAureol acetate (7)¡BAureol N,N-dimethylthiocarbamate (41)¡BO-Benzoyl-aureol (43)¡BO-4-Chlorobenzoyl-aureol (44)¡BO-4-Flurobenzoyl-aureol (45)¡BO-Nicotinoyl-aureol (46)¡BO-4-Methylbenzoyl-aureol (47) ¡BO-2-Thienylcarbonyl-aureol(48) ¡BO-2-Furoylcarbonyl-aureol (49) on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR techniques, including 1H-NMR¡B13C-NMR ¡BCOSY¡BHMQC¡BHMBC experiments. Preliminary pharmacological study revealed that some of the compounds possessed significant cytotoxicity against human cancer cells (Hepa59T/VGH¡BHela¡BKB). Kadsura philippinensis Elmer is medicinal plant which is rich in C18 type dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans. kadsuphilin A (50)¡B kadsuphilin B (51)¡B kadsuphilin C (52)¡B kadsuphilin D (53)¡B kadsurin (54)¡B kadsulignan D (55)¡Bkadsulignan K (56)¡Bbinankadsyrin A (57) ¡Bangeloyl-binankadsurin A (58) ¡Bkadsumarin A (59)¡Bschizanrin F (60) ¡Bschizanrin J (61) isolated from the lipophilic extract of aerial part of Kadsura philippinensis collected at Green Island in Taiwen. It is the first time to isolate Kadsuphilins A-D (50, 51, 52, 53). Kadsulignan D (55) and Kadsulignan K (56) were confirmed by single crystal X-ray analysis. The structures of new compounds were elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques including COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY experiments. Preliminary pharmacological study revealed that some of the compounds possessed significant cytotoxicity against human cancer cells.