Austrai – nedidelė mažuma, kuri turėjo įtaką Lietuvos tarpukario gyvenimui. Vieni čia gyveno ir dirbo, kiti tiesiog atvykdavo poilsiauti. Pasirinktos dvi svarbiausios austrų lokalizacijos vietos Lietuvoje - Kaunas ir Klaipėdos kraštas. Magistrinio darbo objektas – austrai, gyvenę ar lankęsi Kaune ir Klaipėdos krašte 1924-1939 m. bei jų įvažiavimą ir buvimą reglamentuojantys dokumentai.. Darbo tikslas: išsiaiškinti dėl kokių priežasčių austrai imigravo 1924 – 1939 m. į Lietuvą ir kokį vaidmenį suvaidino Klaipėdos krašto ir Kauno pramonėje ir kultūriniame gyvenime Išanalizavus pirminius ir antrinius šaltinius, galima teigti, kad Klaipėdos krašte gyveno nedidelė austrų bendruomenė. Iš viso identifikuota 16 austrų. Keletas iš jų dirbo pramonės sektoriuje, taip pat restorane ir privačiose įstaigose. Dėl spartaus kultūros ir pramonės vystymosi daugiausia į Lietuvą atvykusiųjų austrų gyveno Kaune. Čia dauguma dirbo kaip artistai įvairiuose restoranuose. Didelė dalis atvykusiųjų dirbo ir pramonėje. Gamyklose dirbę austrai gaudavo didžiausią darbo užmokestį. Austrų, gyvenančių ir dirbančių Klaipėdos krašte 1924-1939 skaičius nežymiai augo. Daugiausia gyveno 1930 m. – 14 austrų. Kaune 1924-1929 m. gyvenusiųjų austrų skaičius svyravo nuo 30 iki 38. 1929 m. viduryje liko tik trečdalis gyvenusiųjų austrų. Austrų, gyvenančių ir dirbančių Klaipėdos krašte 1924-1939 skaičius nežymiai augo. Daugiausia gyveno 1930 m. – 14 austrų. Kaune 1924-1929 m. gyvenusiųjų austrų skaičius svyravo nuo 30... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Austrians – a small minority that had an impact on the life of inter-war Lithuania. Some of them lived and worked here, the others used to come here for rest. Two major Austrian locations in Lithuania have been chosen – Kaunas and Klaipėda Region. Object of the master paper – Austrians who visited and lived in Kaunas and Klaipėda Region in 1924-1939 and the documents regulating their immigration and stay. Objective of the paper: to find out the reasons causing Austrians’ immigration to Lithuania in 1924-1939 and to find out what role they played in industry and cultural life in Kaunas and Klaipėda Region. Upon the analysis of primary and secondary sources, it can be stated that a small Austrian community lived in Klaipėda Region. In total 16 Austrians have been identified. Some of them worked in the industrial sector, also in a restaurant and private institutions. The biggest part of Austrians after immigration lived in Kaunas due to the quick development of culture and industry. Most of them worked here as artists in various restaurants. A big part of immigrants also worked in industry. Austrians who worked in the factories used to get the biggest salaries. The number of Austrians who lived and worked in Klaipėda Region in the years 1924-1939 was increasing little by little. The most Austrians lived in 1930 – 14 Austrians. The number of Austrians living in Kaunas in the years 1924-1939 ranged between 30 and 38. In the middle of the year 1929 only the third of the Austrians... [to full text]

In the spring of 1924, the Baltic sea coast territory of Klaipėda, formerly a region of East Prussia became an autonomous area administrated by the Republic of Lithuania. Given the mixed nationalities of the population, during the interwar period, Germany and Lithuania both pressured citizens to prefer one or the other nationality, which contributed to gradual radicalization and growing nationalist tendencies. The key outcome was the Kaunas process at the turn of 1934/35. Under the Law for the Protection of the Republic, 87 members of the Klaipėda national-socialist organizations CSA and SOVOG were convicted of conspiracy to annex the territory to Germany. The convictions led to an economic blockade of Lithuania by Germany and a massive pro-German propaganda campaign. The United Kingdom tried to settle the situation by increasing its trade activity with Lithuania, accompanied by diplomatic pressure on Lithuania to ease its stance against Germany. After Lithuania agreed to grant amnesties to those convicted of conspiracy, in 1936/37, German-Lithuanian economic relations were restored. However, in the late 1930s, the Republic of Lithuania became an easily blackmailed and diplomatically isolated state, forced to grant numerous concessions to its German minority population. The Lithuanian government...