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The aim of the Diploma Thesis is to propose the methodology of a 3D model creation of a femoral part of a knee joint replacement. As the knee joint is the most loaded joint of the human body, the function, description and biomechanics relation is described in first part of the Thesis. The second part is focused on degenerative damage of knee joints that leads to the implantation of standard knee joint replacements. The third part deals with the construction of standard knee joint replacements and their surgery implantation. The last part of the Thesis describes the creation of an individual knee joint replacement, especially the femoral part.

This diploma thesis deals with an experimental analysis of knee joint replacement lubrication. The experiments were realized at a knee joint simulator which can apply conditions according to certain standard and survey the phenomena by using fluorescence microscopy. The aim of thesis is to clarify the influence of particular components of synovial fluid on the lubrication process. The intensity of fluorescence expresses dimensionless parameter of a lubrication film thickness. There was a fundamental study with mineral oils before the experiments with the synovial fluid. The study allows to have a look at contact transformation during walk. Results are shown in graphs as dependency of intensity on time, including pictures showing phenomena in the contact zone. Experiment results show that protein -globulin creates a layer on the surface. There is albumin on the layer and it makes the lubricating film thicker. The protein interaction is supported by hyaluronic acid and fosfolipids which stabilizes the created structure. According to lubrication is behaviour of film related to a complex structure of synovial fluid. Thesis gives more information about behaviour of synovial fluid and can be used for future development of knee replacements.

This diploma thesis describes the design of filling element with trabecular structure for revision implant of total knee arthroplasty. Design of the filling element is created by the digital data of the patient tissue. Production of a functional sample is performed using additive technology Selective Laser Melting. This work also include analyze of the accuracy of this technology for the production of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V.