This thesis discusses applying AI planning tools for generating plans for manual operations. Expertise of motion economy domain is used to select good plans among feasible ones. Motion economy is a field of industrial engineering, which deals with observing, reporting and improving manual operations. Motion economy knowledge is organized in principles regarding the sequences and characteristics of motions, arrangement of workspace, design of tools etc. A representation scheme is developed for products, workspace and hand motions of manual operations. Operation plans are generated using a forward chaining planner (TLPLAN). Planner and representation of domain have extensions compared to a standard forward chaining planner, for supporting concurrency, actions with resources and actions with durations. We formulated principles of motion economy as search control temporal formulas. In addition to motion economy rules, we developed rules for simulating common sense of humans and goal-related rules for preventing absurd sequences of actions in the plans. Search control rules constrain the problem and reduce search complexity. Plans are evaluated during search. Paths, which are not in conformity with the principles of motion economy, are pruned with motion economy rules. Sample problems are represented and solved. Diversity of types of these problems shows the generality of representation scheme. In experimental runs, effects of motion economy principles on the generation of plans are observed and analyzed.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-03-21T14:22:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3229496 bytes, checksum: ffde5612c442d718c10f6fd8cc5faf33 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-21T14:22:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3229496 bytes, checksum: ffde5612c442d718c10f6fd8cc5faf33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-09 / The present research investigated the issue about the construction of knowledge from research in the training of mathematics teachers, having as main objective to analyze the training of undergraduates in Mathematics the participation in the practice of research as a methodology of teaching and learning, in a perspective of analysis and reflection from pivot points, elements and moments that limit or intensify the training of undergraduates for learning and teaching through research. We base the discussion on the Pimenta's knowledge and Perrenoud‟s Skills. We assume that knowledge mobilization is the fundamental requirement, and precedent, the development of any skills. The research focused on the conception of teachers, students, and the observance of the guidelines expressed from Teaching Project of the Course. The methodology is part of a Case Study, of qualitative approach and descriptive and exploratory nature. Data were analyzed from content Bardin (2009). For data collecting were used questionnaires , interviews with teachers who work in components that provide research and workshops for student records about their perceptions, concepts, skills, knowledge and competencies in relation to research. We had no expectation that graduates demonstrate dominate all phases of a research cycle, but identifying what the Course has been able to promote, in terms of training for this practice, along its development, but caused concern the framework we envision in the path of our investigation. The results showed the significant difficulties, and lack of undergraduates in the relationship and articulation among education, math and research, whose performance is worrying, by insufficient competence, to teach and to learn with and by research. / A presente pesquisa abordou a temática sobre a construção dos saberes da pesquisa na formação do professor de Matemática, tendo como principal objetivo analisar na formação dos licenciandos em Matemática a participação da prática da pesquisa como metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem, numa perspectiva de análise e reflexão dos pontos de articulação, elementos e momentos que limitam ou potencializam a formação dos graduandos para aprender e a ensinar por meio da pesquisa. Pautamos a discussão sobre saberes em Pimenta, e Competências em Perrenoud. Partimos do princípio de que a mobilização de saberes é requisito basilar, e precedente, ao desenvolvimento de quaisquer competências. A investigação incidiu sobre a concepção dos professores, estudantes, e na observância as orientações expressas no Projeto Pedagógico do Curso. A metodologia insere-se num Estudo de Caso, de abordagem qualitativa e natureza descritivo-exploratório. As informações foram submetidas à análise de conteúdos em Bardin (2009). Para coleta de dados, foram utilizados questionários, entrevistas com professores que atuam nos componentes que prevêem pesquisa, e oficinas para os registros dos estudantes sobre suas percepções, concepções, habilidades, saberes e competências em relação à pesquisa. Não tínhamos expectativa de que os graduandos demonstrassem dominar todas as fases de um ciclo da pesquisa, mas identificar o que o Curso tem conseguido promover, em termos de formação para essa prática, ao longo de seu desenvolvimento, mas causou preocupação o quadro que vislumbramos na trajetória de nossa investigação. Os resultados apontaram as expressivas dificuldades, e desconhecimento dos licenciandos na relação e articulação entre educação, matemática e pesquisa, cujo desempenho é preocupante, pela competência insuficiente, para ensinar e aprender com e pela pesquisa.

Search for the knowledge within big companies could become pain not only for knowledge seekers, but as well for knowledge managers in case they want a solution, that reflects well actual state of knowledge of a company, allows discovering emerging areas of knowledge and at the same time its maintenance does not require huge amounts of effort. This doctoral thesis starts by a comprehensive analysis of needs of expertise location of current company, description of theoretical backgrounds, related approaches and fundamental directions in expertise location, analyses their advantages and disadvantages and on the ground of this analysis presents a new expertise location technique that tries to avoid disadvantages of current expertise location systems by keeping their advantages. The technique is designed to respect the needs of effective knowledge management within a company, which main assets are their employees, their knowledge reflected in unstructured documents they produce as a part of their daily work. Described knowledge mapping technique analyses document publication history of company members and proposes various measures to asses and characterize their knowledge. The implementation of the knowledge mapping technique allows its direct usage (as an expert search engine) as well as its own evaluation (validity of search engine results). The efficiency of proposed measures on various types of document sources (project directories/versioning repositories/etc.) and within various dimension configurations (current/overall knowledge search) is evaluated by the practical evaluation method introduced within the thesis. The evaluation took place in the environment of a middle-sized software company allowing seeing directly a practical usability of the expertise location technique. The results of the evaluation are presented not only in statistical form, but in a form of suggestions of how to implement the model on various document sources within the company. The results suggest that described knowledge mapping technique is a viable approach in expertise location.