L'adsorption de protéine sur une surface artificielle solide est un phénomène fondamental qui détermine la réponse biologique d'un organisme vivant entrant dans n'importe quel matériel d'implant. Donc, l'adaptation de surfaces pour l'adsorption de protéine contrôlée est au coeur de beaucoup de champs de recherche d'aujourd'hui incluant la science de matériels et la biotechnologie. Dans ce contexte, les matériels sensibles de stimulus qui peuvent changer leurs propriétés comme une réponse à une petite monnaie dans leur environnement physicochimique attirent un grand intérêt comme ils permettent la création de surfaces avec des propriétés commutables pour le contrôle d'adsorption de protéine. Dans cette thèse, nous faisons un rapport sur la conception et l'élaboration de films minces sensibles de stimulus multi et de nanotubes. À cette fin, nous avons employé la couche-par-couche robuste et polyvalente… / Protein adsorption on a solid artificial surface is a fundamental phenomenon that determines the biological response of a living organism entering any implant material. Therefore, tailoring surfaces for controlled protein adsorption is at the heart of many of today's research fields including biotechnology and materials science. In this context, stimuli-responsive materials that are able to change their properties as a response to a small change in their physico-chemical environment are attracting a great interest as they allow the creation of surfaces with switchable properties for the control of protein adsorption. In this thesis, we report on the design and elaboration of multi stimuli-responsive thin films and nanotubes. For this purpose, we employed the robust and versatile layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique to incorporate block copolymers made of poly(acrylic acid) PAA and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) PNIPAM with tunable and well-controlled block lengths. The combination of ellipsometry, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and infrared data reveal the possibility to build up (PAH/PAA-b-PNIPAM)n multilayers. The stimuli-responsive properties of these LbL films were examined by monitoring the adsorption of proteins by means of QCM-D and fluorescence measurements, while varying (i) temperature, (ii) pH, (iii) ionic strength, or (iv) a combination of the above parameters. It appears that all these stimuli strongly influence the amount of adsorbed proteins. In short, these new PNIPAM block copolymer-based LbL coatings are easy to build on substrates of various nature and geometry (including nanoporous membranes).