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The crystal chemistry of stauroliteGriffen, Dana T. January 1972 (has links)
Microprobe analyses of 20 staurolites from many localities indicate that the range of composition of natural ferroan specimens is Fe<sub>2.95-3.44</sub> Al<sub>17.07-17.60</sub>Mg<sub>0.38-1.13</sub>Ti<sub>0.09-0.14</sub>Zn<sub>0-0.17</sub>Mn<sub>0-0.09</sub>Cr<sub>0-0.02</sub>V<sub>≤.01</sub>.Co<sub>≤.004</sub> Si<sub>7.64-7.91</sub>O<sub>44</sub> OH<sub>~4</sub>. Our observations, together with chemical analyses and other experimental evidence from the literature, are sufficient to conclude that the staurolite unit cell contains ~4 H⁺ in agreement with the structural formula of Smith (1968): (7 octahedral sites, principally Al)<sub>~18</sub> (1 tetrahedral site, principally Fe)<sub>≤</sub>₄ (1 tetrahedral site, principally Si)₈O₄₈H<sub>≤</sub>₄ Assuming that Si and a small amount of Al fill the Si<sup>IV</sup> site, we have used the method of principal component analysis to deduce that the primary substitution in the A1<sup>VI</sup> sites is Al ⇄ (Fe+Mg+Ti) and that in the Fe<sup>IV</sup> sites is Fe ⇄ (Zn+Al). Secondary substituents in the AI<sup>IV</sup>sites are M and Zn, and it is likely that small amounts of and Ti are present in the Fe<sup>IV</sup> site. The generally accepted view that Mg is the primary substituent for Fe in the Fe<sup>IV</sup> site is not supported
Lattice parameters determined by powder methods on 15 analyzed staurolites show the following ranges: a= 7.865 - 7.879Å; b = 16.600 - 16,633Å; c = 5.656 - 5.664Å; β = 90.0°. There are positive correlations of b and c with Fe content, while a is nearly independent of composition. These relationships are explained on the basis of the crystal structure and site occupancies. Natural specimens have uniformly shorter a cell edges {by ~0.015Å) than synthetic Fe-Mg staurolites.
Improved curves showing the relationship of 2V and refractive indices to Fe-content have been established. / Master of Science
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