Many studies have been done which address parent participation and its relationship to student achievement. However, few studies have been done which specifically address the aspects of Black parent participation. This study sought to determine the factors that facilitate or inhibit Black parents' participation in the education of their children and what changes need to take place in order for them to be empowered in this area. Non-participating and participating parents of general education and special education students were interviewed. All parents were selected from a single rural school system in Northern Virginia. A total of 17 parents were interviewed. The Black parents interviewed perceive that they and their children experience unfair and inequitable treatment. There was general agreement that Black parents do not participate to the extent that they should. Suggestions for bringing about change included the establishment of a Black coalition and the involvement of the Black churches and other civic groups which serve the Black community. / Ph. D.