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A bibliometric analysis of Quebec's PhD students' contribution to the advancement of knowledgeLariviere, Vincent January 2010 (has links)
Graduate students are an important part of the academic workforce. However, little is known on their overall contribution to science. Using the participation in Web of Science indexed peer-reviewed publications of the complete population of doctoral students in Quebec over the 2000-2007 period (N=27,393), this thesis achieves three main contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of information science, sociology of the scientific community and sociology of higher education. / The first contribution is a technical one and involves the creation of an algorithm that allows the automatic attribution of a large proportion of individual researchers' papers. Indeed, using the patterns found in Quebec university researchers' use of keywords, cited references and discipline of publication, the algorithm automatically attributes or rejects at least one scientific paper to 88% of doctoral students. / The second contribution is to provide a large-scale analysis of doctoral students' socialization to research, using the percentage of doctoral students who have published at least one paper during their program as an indicator. It shows that this integration varies greatly among disciplines, with students in the natural and medical sciences being more integrated into research than their colleagues of the social sciences and humanities. Collaboration is an important component of this socialization: disciplines in which student-faculty collaboration are higher are also those in which doctoral students are the most integrated into research. Access to research funds also influences doctoral students participation in peer-reviewed papers, as specialties where professors receive greater research funds are also those where students are the most likely to publish. Although the papers to which doctoral students contribute are most often written in collaboration, they are less likely to be the result of international collaboration. Such socialization to research is also positively linked with students' degree completion and the likelihood of a subsequent career in research. / Finally, the third contribution of this thesis is to measure the percentage of the research output of the research system produced by doctoral students. It provides evidence that, for all disciplines combined, PhD students account for 33% of the publication output of the province, a percentage that is considerably higher than that of Quebec hospital researchers taken together and more than 5 times higher than that of federal and industrial researchers of the province. In terms of scientific impact, papers to which doctoral students have contributed obtain significantly lower citation rates than other Quebec papers to which they have not contributed, although the average impact factor of the journals in which they publish is significantly higher. This suggests that the scientific impact of doctoral students' papers may suffer from a Matthew Effect, the sociological phenomenon observed by which recognition for discoveries is more easily attributed to well known scientists than to others less known. / Overall, this interdisciplinary thesis provides a significant insight into the extent, the context and the effect of socialization to research in the PhD curriculum, as well as a better understanding of the importance of doctoral students' scientific contributions within Quebec's research system. These findings should be of great interest to university administrators as well as for research councils and the science policy community in general. / Les étudiants gradués comptent pour une part importante de la main d'uvre académique. Toutefois, nous ne savons que très peu de choses sur leur contribution globale à l'avancement des connaissances. À partir des articles publiés dans des revues à comités de pairs et indexés dans le Web of Science par la population complète des étudiants au doctorat au Québec entre et 2000 et 2007 (N=27,393), cette thèse effectue trois contributions principales à l'avancement des connaissances en sciences de l'information et en sociologie de la communauté scientifique et de l'enseignement supérieur. / La première contribution est de nature technique et consiste en la création d'un algorithme qui permet l'attribution automatique à un chercheur d'un pourcentage important de ses articles scientifiques. En effet, en utilisant les régularités trouvées dans les mots-clés, références citées et la discipline de publication des chercheurs universitaires québécois, cet algorithme permet l'attribution ou le rejet automatique d'au moins un article à 88% des étudiants de doctorat. / La seconde contribution est l'analyse à grande échelle de la socialisation des doctorants à la recherche, en utilisant comme indicateur le pourcentage d'étudiants au doctorat qui ont publié au moins un papier au cours de leur programme. Les données montrent que cette intégration varie considérablement entre les disciplines : les étudiants des sciences naturelles et médicales étant plus intégrés à la recherche que leurs collègues des sciences sociales et humaines. La collaboration est un élément important de cette socialisation: les disciplines dans lesquelles la collaboration doctorant-professeur est la plus élevée étant celles où les doctorants sont les plus intégrés dans la recherche. L'accès à des fonds de recherche influence également la participation des étudiants à des publications; les spécialités où les professeurs reçoivent davantage de fonds étant également celles où les étudiants sont plus susceptibles de publier. Bien que les documents auxquels ont contribués les doctorants soient pratiquement tous écrits en collaboration, ils sont moins souvent le résultat d'une collaboration internationale. Cette socialisation à la recherche est également liée de façon positive avec l'obtention du diplôme et la poursuite d'une carrière en recherche. / Enfin, la troisième contribution de cette thèse est la mesure de l'importance, dans l'ensemble de la recherche québécoise, des résultats de recherche auxquels des étudiants de doctorat ont contribué. On y constate que, toutes disciplines confondues, les doctorants ont participé à 33% de la production scientifique de la province, un pourcentage considérablement plus élevé que celui des chercheurs en milieu hospitalier de la province combinés et plus de 5 fois supérieur à celui des chercheurs du gouvernement fédéral et du secteur industriel. En termes d'impact scientifique, les articles auxquels les doctorants ont contribué obtiennent un nombre moyen de citations significativement plus faible celui des autres papiers québécois auxquels ils n'ont pas contribué, même si le facteur d'impact moyen de revues dans lesquelles ils publient est, au contraire, significativement plus élevé. Cela suggère que les articles des doctorants souffrent de l'effet St-Matthieu, phénomène selon lequel la paternité d'une découverte sera plus aisément attribuée à un chercheur reconnu qu'à un autre l'étant moins. / Dans l'ensemble, cette thèse interdisciplinaire fournit une mesure unique de la prévalence, du contexte et de l'effet de la socialisation à la recherche dans les programmes de doctorat ainsi qu'une une meilleure compréhension de l'importance des doctorants au sein de la communauté scientifique québécoise. Ces résultats devraient être d'un grand intérêt pour les administrateurs d'université, les conseils subventionnaires ainsi que les chercheurs dans le domaine des politiques scientifiques.
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A child-driven metadata schema| A holistic analysis of children's cognitive processes during book selectionBeak, Jihee 14 October 2014 (has links)
<p> The purpose of this study was to construct a child-driven metadata schema by understanding children's cognitive processes and behaviors during book selection. Existing knowledge organization systems including metadata schemas and previous literature in the metadata domain have shown that there is a no specialized metadata schema that describes children's resources that also is developed by children. It is clear that children require a new or alternative child-driven metadata schema. Child-driven metadata elements reflected the children's cognitive perceptions that could allow children to intuitively and easily find books in an online cataloging system. The literature of development of literacy skills claims that the positive experiences of selecting books empower children's motivation for developing literacy skills. Therefore, creating a child-driven metadata schema not only contributes to the improvement of knowledge organization systems reflecting children's information behavior and cognitive process, but also improves children's literacy and reading skills. </p><p> Broader research questions included what metadata elements do children like to use? What elements should a child-driven metadata schema include? In order to answer these research questions, a triangulated qualitative research design consisting of questionnaires, paired think-aloud, interview, and diaries were used with 22 child participants between the ages of 6 and 9. A holistic understanding of the children's cognitive processes during book selection as a foundation of a child-driven metadata schema displays an early stage of an ontological contour for a children's knowledge organization system. A child-driven metadata schema constructed in this study is apt to include different metadata elements from those metadata elements existing in current cataloging standards. A child-driven metadata schema includes five classes such as story/subject, character, illustration, physical characteristics, and understandability, and thirty three metadata elements such as character's names and images, book cover's color, shape, textured materials, engagement element, and tone. In addition, the analysis of the relationship between emergent emotional vocabularies and cognitive factors and facets illustrated the important role of emotion and attention in children's information processing and seeking behaviors.</p>
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Personal information management among office support staff in a university environment: an exploratory studyParé, François-Xavier January 2011 (has links)
Since the late 1960s, several studies have investigated personal information management (PIM) in the workplace. However, very few studies have focused on the behaviour of office support staff in a work environment. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the document management behaviour of office support staff in a large Canadian university. The methodological approach used for this study was grounded theory. Fifteen in-depth interviews were conducted in participants' offices, and visual observations of their document structures were made. A pre-interview survey was also administered in order to gather additional information. Participants were chosen according to the principles of theoretical sampling, and simultaneous data collection and analysis continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Transcribed interviews were coded, after which abstract concepts were derived and grouped into categories, using the constant comparison method. A substantive theory was then developed. The findings suggest the existence of several distinct document spaces within workers' document landscape: a main folder, secondary folders, the operating system desktop, e-mail, paper documents and shared environments. Behaviour pertaining to the handling of orphan files and multiple versions, the naming of files and folders as well as searching and browsing were described. Overall, despite several elements in common, significant variation was noted among participants. In order to explain the variation observed, a model of the factors that are likely to influence PIM behaviour was developed. It comprises seven main categories of factors: job content, job status, existing documents, relationship with the superior, worker characteristics, organizational context and document attributes. Several of the factors identified had never been mentioned in the PIM literature, while in other cases, the evidence presented helped confirm previous findings. The proposed model also highlights the inherent complexity of PIM, and the importance of adopting an all-encompassing view when analyzing PIM behaviour. / Depuis la fin des années 1960, plusieurs études ont porté sur la gestion personnelle de l'information (GPI) en milieu de travail. Néanmoins, très peu d'études se sont penchées sur les comportements des employés de soutien tels que les commis de bureau ou les assistantes administratives. L'objectif de cette étude exploratoire était d'examiner les comportements de gestion documentaire d'employés de soutien dans une grande université canadienne. L'approche méthodologique utilisée est celle de la théorisation ancrée. Quinze entrevues en profondeur ont été menées dans le bureau des participantes, et des observations visuelles de leurs structures de documents ont été effectuées. Un questionnaire pré-entrevue a également permis de recueillir des informations additionnelles. Les participants ont été sélectionnés selon un principe d'échantillonnage théorique, et la collecte et l'analyse des données, menées en parallèle, se sont poursuivies jusqu'au point de saturation théorique. Les entrevues transcrites ont été codées, à la suite de quoi des concepts ont été dérivés et groupés en catégories, selon la méthode de la comparaison constante. Une théorie substantive a ensuite été développée.Les résultats suggèrent que le paysage documentaire de ces employés est composé de plusieurs espaces documentaires distincts: un répertoire principal, des répertoires secondaires, le bureau du système d'exploitation, le courriel, les documents papiers ainsi que les environnements partagés. Les habitudes des participants face à la gestion des fichiers orphelins, des versions multiples, au nommage des fichiers et répertoires ainsi qu'à la recherche et la navigation ont été décrites. En somme, malgré certains éléments en commun, des variations significatives ont pu être observées parmi les participants.Afin d'expliquer la variation observée, un modèle des facteurs pouvant influencer la GPI a été développé. Il comprend sept catégories de facteurs: nature de l'emploi, statut de l'emploi, documents existants, relation avec le ou la supérieur(e), caractéristiques de l'employé, contexte organisationnel et caractéristiques des documents. Plusieurs des facteurs identifiés dans cette étude n'avaient jamais été mentionnés dans la littérature sur la GPI, alors que dans d'autres cas les éléments présentés ici viennent confirmer les résultats d'études précédentes. Le modèle proposé met également en lumière la complexité inhérente à la GPI, et l'importance d'adopter une approche holistique dans l'analyse des comportements de GPI.
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Modeling the role of blogging in librarianshipStephens, Michael. O'Connor, Brian C., January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, Aug., 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.
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Magisteruppsats i biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap vid Institutionen Bibliotekshögskolan.January 1900 (has links)
Examensarbete.
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Mining help desk emails for problem domain identification and email feature engineering for routing incoming emails /Rathi, Dinesh. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2008. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-05, Section: B, page: 3106. Adviser: Michael B. Twidale. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 267-280) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
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From chapbooks to plumb cake : the history of children's literature /Bradley, Johanna, January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-11, Section: A, page: 4636. Adviser: Violet Harris. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-106) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
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Publication and citation analysis of disciplinary connections of library and information science faculty in accredited schools /Pluzhenskaia, Marina A. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: A, page: 2704. Adviser: Linda C. Smith. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 164-174) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
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Representations of transracial Korean adoption in children's literature /Park, Sarah Y. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2009. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: A, page: . Adviser: Christine A. Jenkins. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 174-192) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
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School librarians' opinions on research and research needs in school librarianshipWoodworth, Mary L. January 1968 (has links)
Thesis--University of Wisconsin. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-164).
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