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The sulphite pulping of Douglas firBrookbank, Earl Bruce 01 January 1938 (has links)
No description available.
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The effect of sodium sulfite on bovine ruminal fatty acid production and milk compositionAlhassan, Walter Sandow, January 1968 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1969. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
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Fluidised bed gasification of spent soda and sulphite liquors from the paper industry.Sewnath, Pravesh. January 2004 (has links)
The pulp and paper industry uses pulping chemicals for the treatment of bagasse, straw and wood chips. Spent liquor or effluent liquor, with high carbon content is produced and sent to chemical recovery to recover pulping chemicals. In addition, energy from the spent liquor is recovered and utilised to generate steam for electricity supply, thereby reducing fossil fuel power consumption. Spent liquor is destroyed using conventional incineration technology, in a recovery furnace or recovery boiler, which is the heart of chemical recovery. These units have over the past few decades been prone to numerous problems and are a major concern to the pulp and paper industry. They pose a threat to the environment, are expensive to maintain and constitute a safety hazard. Thus the pulp and paper industry is now looking at a replacement technology; an alternative that will effectively regenerate pulping chemicals and recover energy for generating electricity, ultimately to make the plant energy self-sufficient. Gasification technology may be the chosen technology but is yet to be applied to the pulp and paper sector. However, this technology is not new. It has been integrated and used successfully in the petroleum industry for decades, with applications in coal mining and the mineral industry. The overall objective of tills study is to develop a better understanding of gasification using a pilot-scale fluidised bed reactor which was designed and developed at the University of Natal. The reactor, "the Gasifier", is operated at temperatures below the smelt limits of inorganic salts (<750°C) in the spent liquor. In this investigation, spent liquor is injected
directly into an inert bed of alwninium oxide grit, which is fluidised by superheated steam.
The atomized liquor immediately dries when it contacts the grit in the bed, pyrolyses and the
organic carbon is gasified by steam. Pyrolysis and steam gasification reactions are
endothennic and require heat. Oxidised sulphur species are partially reduced by reaction
with gasifier products, which principally consist of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and
hydrogen. The reduced sulphur is said to be unstable in the gasifier environment, and reacts
with steam and carbon dioxide to form solid sodium carbonate and gaseous hydrogen sulphide. (Rockvam, 2001). The focus of this study will be to determine the Gasifier's ability to gasify spent liquor, from soda and sulphite pulping of bagasse, at different operating conditions. In addition, the fate of process and non-process elements will be investigated. The product gas generated in the gasification of spent soda and sulphite liquors consisted of
hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane. In the gasification of spent sulphjte liquor, hydrogen sulphide was also produced. The water-gas shift reaction, which
was the main reaction, was found to be temperature dependent. In adilition, organic carbon
conversion increased with temperature. Furthermore, most of the sulphur in the bed
predominated in the form of hydrogen sulphide with very little sulphur in the form of sulphate. This indicated that gasification would reduce sulphate levels, which are responsible
for dead load in a chemical recovery cycle. Finally, an important result was that the aluminium oxide grit was successfully coated. It was previously speculated that this would not be possible. / Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2004.
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A study of the kinetics of delignification during the early stage of alkaline sulfite anthraquinone pulpingBiasca, Karyn L. 01 January 1989 (has links)
No description available.
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The leaching of lignin and carbohydrate from high yield pulp fibres suspended in water /Willis, Jocelyn M. January 1984 (has links)
When high yield chemimechanical sulphite pulp fibres were suspended in water, both lignin and carbohydrate were leached out of the pulp. The rate of leaching fitted a theory developed previously for the diffusion of macromolecules through the water-swollen fibre wall. The average intrafibre diffusion coefficients for lignin and carbohydrate were several orders of magnitude lower than the free diffusion of these macromolecules in solution. Leaching over a long period indicated a polydispersity of diffusion coefficients. This was related to an increase with time in the molecular weights of macromolecules removed from the fibre. Although the rate of leaching increased markedly with temperature, the diffusion coefficient of lignin decreased, while that of carbohydrate increased by a factor higher than that predicted by the Stokes-Einstein equation. These contrasting results were interpreted in terms of the molecular weights of the diffusing species and hydrogen bonding of carbohydrate to the fibre wall. The rate of leaching decreased with an increase in pulp yield, increasing cationic strength and pH of the wash water, decreasing refining energy, pretreatment of pulp with formaldehyde, and the use of polyethyleneoxide/alum retention aid in the wash water. Decreasing pH of the cooking liquor and the use of anthraquinone in the pulping increased the leaching of lignin but did not affect the leaching of carbohydrate. The effects observed could be related either to swelling or degradation of the fibre wall.
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Some effects of sodium sulfite on bovine digestion and ruminal fermentationKrabill, Lavern Frederick, January 1969 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1969. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
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The leaching of lignin and carbohydrate from high yield pulp fibres suspended in water /Willis, Jocelyn M. January 1984 (has links)
No description available.
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The effects of sulphur pollution on soil fungi and decomposition of tree leaf littersDursun, Sukru January 1994 (has links)
No description available.
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A fundamental study of the reaction between kraft black liquor and nitrobenzeneCsellak, William Robert 01 January 1950 (has links)
No description available.
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A study of the nature of lignosulfonic acids fractionated by chemical and physical methods.Schenck, Willard Allan 01 January 1942 (has links)
No description available.
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