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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND AERO. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Anthony Henry James Eastland. / M.S.

A 300 hp motor and generator testing facility is being completed at Oregon State University. The testing center is the largest independent testing facility west of the Mississippi River. This regional resource center will incorporate state-of-the-art features that set it apart from other testing facilities. An induction machine with a modem regenerative power electronic converter is being used as the dynamometer. This regenerative dynamometer system significantly reduces the amount of power necessary for testing, allows for extremely flexible computer controlled testing, and is able to test adjustable speed machine systems from 100-4000 r/min. The dynamometer system is able to fully test both motors and generators of 240 hp from no-load to 125% rated load. A virtual instrumentation system provides tremendous flexibility and measures instantaneous, rms, and spectral signal values. Because the system is designed for testing over a wide speed range, it is necessary that all dynamometer losses are isolated and tabulated for the entire speed range. Initial fixed speed testing was performed on a 60 hp induction motor and standard report formats were generated for this and future test center use. The results were compared to the manufacturer's original testing data. To demonstrate the ability to test generators by using the dynamometer as a prime mover, a set of tests were also performed on a synchronous machine in accordance with IEEE standards. / Graduation date: 1996

Multi-unit, multi-location organization is one of the most salient characteristics of contemporary enterprise. The transformation in the structure of enterprise from the independent, small-scale operation to the complex, multi-unit, multi-location system has been an integral part of wider societal change. Yet the current functioning of these systems and the processes underlying their transformation is not well understood. Particular deficiencies exist in our understanding of the relationship among the technology, organization and location of multi-unit enterprise. A case study of transformation in the British Columbia laboratory system between 1954 and 1984 shows that the spatial and organizational structure of enterprise is not driven by any single variable and, in particular, technology is not the "prime mover" behind structural change. The process of structural change is a synergistic one in which external environmental factors and strategic choice have a more dominant influence on transformation than does technology. Thus organizational and location options are not dictated, rather they are perceived and selected as a purposeful response to environmental conditions. This conclusion is reached from a critical evaluation of literature drawn from organization theory, decision-theory, cybernetics and the geography of enterprise; and from the case study. In particular, it is shown that in the 1950s and early 1960s, strategic decisions were taken that resulted in relative decentralization of laboratory activity, organizationally (down the hospital hierarchy) and geographically (towards the periphery). These decisions were taken in response to the changing political, social and medical environment. But these decisions clearly predate the availability of technologies that might encourage such dispersion, indicating that technology is not a necessary and sufficient condition for structural change. Technology can have an impact on the degree of centralization in multi-unit enterprise. In certain circumstances, the development and deployment of specific technologies coincides with a strategic decision to either centralize or decentralize activity. In such circumstances, equipment embodied technology can make a powerful contribution in transforming the relative centralization or decentralization of the system, but it does not determine the choice between centralized or decentralized. Rather, it amplifies the chosen direction. These findings have policy and research implications for society, for the urban system, for enterprise, in general, and for the future of the clinical laboratory system of B.C., in particular. / Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies / Graduate

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Over the last the last three decades, there has been a significant and documented decrease of power engineering curriculum within U.S. electrical engineering programs. Development of lifelong learners capable of critical and independent thinking is required to replace the large number of upcoming retirees from the industry and to prepare for the engineering challenges new technologies, laws and regulations are bringing to the electrical power system. In response to these challenges, Portland State University redesigned its BSEE and MSECE power engineering programs in order to create a launching pad for successful power engineering careers. A course series on power system protection is part of the requisite curriculum for both programs. Due to the complex and applied nature of this subject, the course features a laboratory component. This thesis addresses the pedagogical and engineering problems associated with developing power systems protection laboratory curriculum. Laboratory equipment and curriculum design were guided by outcomes defined by ABET EC2000 and specific outcomes defined for the laboratory that we adopted from research commissioned by ABET. Hands-on experience with industry equipment and software enhances classroom-based course curriculum, expanding student understanding of the complexities of the subject of power system protection. Intergroup and intragroup communication is required in the laboratory, as are weekly written reports synthesizing subject material and experimental results. The outcomes of the laboratory are evaluated through a combination of grading rubrics and student participation in individual laboratory assignment surveys. The laboratory is comprised of three stations consisting of electromechanical (EM) relays and digital relay equipment. The practical experience with industry standard relays types happens in concert with a software-based simulation program. There are three phases of development; Phase I includes the design of the physical laboratory and the procural, or design and fabrication, of necessary equipment. Phase II involves the teaching term of the laboratory and the active assessment. Phase III involves the design and specification of a model-scale laboratory, to be built in future terms, which will provide students with the ability to test power system protection equipment in a physically simulated environment. This model-scale system will also provide a platform for future expansions of the power system protection laboratory in terms of distance protection, generation control, phasor measurement units, and system control schemes.

The purpose of this creative project was to develop a master plan for an outdoor learning lab for Daleville Elementary School (DES) in Daleville, Indiana. Utilizing a formal design process, including surveys, case study research, and site analysis, the best solution was devised specific to the needs of DES. Along with a design team from Daleville, additional DES faculty responded to a written survey to validate requests for various features. Daleville students participated in a design workshop to express their own ideas for outdoor learning activities and features. A site analysis was conducted on the school grounds utilizing criteria set for features within the design program. Three concepts were generated, leading to the development of the master plan. The research and design process used to create the master plan have provided data suitable for further research and concepts for outdoor learning labs in the elementary school setting. / Department of Landscape Architecture

Pavement foundations for major roads in the UK were historically designed on an empirical basis, related to a single design chart, restricting the incorporation of superior performing materials or materials for which the empirical data sets were not available. The adoption of performance based specifications was promoted as they are perceived to 'open up' the use of alternative materials (including 'local' sources of primary materials) or techniques, and allow for the incorporation of superior performance into the overall pavement design. Parallel developments to the performance based design of pavement foundations (allowing for superior performance) and in situ testing required the support of laboratory based performance tests. These laboratory based tests were required to determine material performance parameters (elastic modulus and resistance to permanent deformation) for both unbound and hydraulically bound pavement foundation materials. A review of the available laboratory apparatus indicated that they were either; unrealistic (and hence unable to provide the required material performance parameters), or overly complex and more suited to fundamental research. Therefore, the requirement for developmental research work was identified. The research reported herein details the development, manufacture and initial evaluation of simplified laboratory apparatus (the Springbox for unbound materials and static stiffness test for hydraulically bound mixtures) designed to produce the performance parameters of elastic modulus and relative resistance to permanent deformation for pavement foundation materials. The equipment and test procedure evaluation was undertaken across a range of materials, giving initial guidance on likely in situ performance. The innovative laboratory apparatus and materials guidance (including the potential to use recycled and secondary aggregates) was incorporated into key Highways Agency specification and guidance documents, which in turn influence construction practice outside of motorways and major trunk roads. This research concludes by outlining a number of recommendations for continued development and evaluation, including feeding back data sets from long term in situ performance testing for subsequent refinement of assumptions.

The Facility Manager of a laboratory environment continuously walks a fine line between safe and economical operation of that facility. The primary responsibility of the laboratory is to provide a safe environment for personnel while optimizing the space for experiment. Energy efficiency is not a necessary goal. Laboratories typically require HVAC systems utilizing 100% outside air to protect the occupants. Facilities demanding the basic design requirement of 100% outside air can result in annual energy costs 4 to 5 times greater than that of the typical office building requiring 20 CFM per person. With energy costs typically representing a substantial part of an organizations operating budget is it prudent for facility managers to seek opportunities to reduce these costs. The intent of this research is to show that participation of a knowledgeable Facility Manager, during the initial design phase of a laboratory facility, can result in a finished product capable of easily incorporating a variety of energy efficiency technologies. The scope of this research is limited to smaller chemical laboratories supported with less than 20,000 CFM of comfort air. When the Facility Manager actively participates in the design process for laboratory environments there is potential for increased HVAC energy efficiency. A substantial portion of this research has been conducted from the authors daily experience and responsibility for a small chemical laboratory. Additional data was collected using personal interviews among industry experts and fellow colleagues working in the Atlanta metropolitan area with significant laboratory experience. This research focused on the mechanical systems supporting laboratories as they represent the largest percentage in first costs, energy consumption, and offer the greatest opportunity for energy reduction. The results of this research are intended to provide guidance to Facility Managers to incorporate cost effective energy recovery systems in either new construction or at a future date. The results of this research project the impact of energy consumption in a small chemical laboratory from the hypothetical installation of a customized energy recovery system.

Orientador: Sérgio Nascimento Bordalo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica e Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T17:35:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OchoaLara_IsmaelOrlando_M.pdf: 12454353 bytes, checksum: de02a7be086b8fd068a57b93d2f5270a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Apesar dos avanços alcançados, alguns aspectos da operação do gas-lift intermitente (GLI) convencional permanecem inexplorados ou pouco estudados até o presente, como por exemplo, a concomitância de etapas do ciclo apresentada por Carvalho (2004), ou a estabilidade de ciclos em função da temporização da válvula motora e do ajuste da válvula operadora. Ao mesmo tempo, o bombeio pneumático de Zadson (BPZ) tem apresentado bons resultados em sua aplicação em campos no Brasil, motivando-se estudos para se desenvolverem simuladores computacionais para o projeto e análise destes sistemas. Neste trabalho, foi construído um simulador físico para os métodos GLI convencional e BPZ, para validar simuladores numéricos propostos anteriormente por outros autores. O aparato laboratorial é constituído por quatro conjuntos operacionais: o primeiro conjunto representa a coluna de produção do GLI convencional, o segundo conjunto representa a coluna do BPZ, o terceiro conjunto representa o acoplamento poço-reservatório e o quarto conjunto representa a injeção de gás comprimido. Para a medição, há transdutores de pressão localizados em vários pontos do aparato e tanques de medição do volume produzido. O sistema de aquisição de dados e atuação das válvulas operadora e motora é operado por uma placa micro-controlada. Testes foram realizados alterando-se as variáveis operacionais dos métodos. Como conclusões do trabalho foram identificadas a concomitância das etapas do ciclo GLI, avaliado o fallback para várias condições operacionais, estudada a estabilidade dos ciclos de GLI, e desenhado um mapa operacional das condições de um ciclo GLI regular. Além disso, foi testado o funcionamento de três modos de operação do BPZ / Abstract: Despite the advances achieved so far, some important aspects of the operation of the conventional intermittent gas-lift (IGL) remain unexplored or poorly studied, as for instance, the concurrency of cycle stages, as presented by Carvalho (2004), or the stability of cycles due to motor valve timing and adjustment of the gas-lift valve. At the same time, the Zadson pneumatic pump (ZPP) has presented good results in Brazilian fields, motivating studies to develop computational simulators for the design of this method. In the course of the present work, a physical simulator was built for the IGL and ZPP, to validate numerical simulators proposed by previous authors. The laboratory apparatus consists of four operational sets; the first set is the production column of conventional IGL, the second set is the column of ZPP, the third set represents the well-reservoir coupling and the fourth set is the injection of compressed gas. For measurement, there are pressure transducers located at various points of the apparatus and tanks for measuring the produced volume. The system of data acquisition and actuation of gas-lift and motor valves are operated by a microcontroller board. Tests were performed by changing the operating variables of the gas lift methods. The results of the study are: the identification of the concurrent stages during the IGL cycle, the fallback for various operating conditions, the stability of IGL cycles, and an operating map for the conditions of a stable IGL cycle. In addition, the operation of three lifting modes of the ZPP were tested / Mestrado / Explotação / Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo