This study is designed to explore a three dimensional Chinese leadership behavior model - Initiation, Consideration, and Guanxi. The Initiation-Consideration model has dominated leadership behavior research in Western literature (e.g., Yukl 1994), whereas this study recognizes that Guanxi behavior is an important concept in Chinese values and that it should be employed to develop a model of Chinese leadership behavior. This study also examines whether Guanxi is the most frequently exhibited leadership behavior, as perceived by Chinese employees, and how this type of leadership behavior, along with Initiation and Consideration, contributes to leadership effectiveness within the Chinese culture.Data is collected from 166 subordinates at 15 KFC restaurants in Beijing. The empirical data collected demonstrates that Initiation, Consideration, and Guanxi are not distinctive leadership behaviors. Instead, they are highly correlated with each other. Other main findings related to the study's hypotheses are: 1) among Initiation, Consideration, and Guanxi, Initiation is the most frequently used leadership behavior, as perceived by subordinates at those restaurants; and 2) subordinates perceive that all these three forms of leadership behavior are positively related to leadership effectiveness. However, this thesis does not have enough confidence to make any conclusion based on the above findings because of the sample's response bias and a multicollinearity problem in the empirical data. / Master of Science

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among preferred and perceived leadership, their congruence and satisfaction with leadership. The second purpose was to investigate the differences among the offensive, the defensive and the mid-field players of soccer teams in preferred leadership, perceived leadership and satisfaction with leadership. The five leader behaviors which were measured were: training and instruction, social support, positive feedback, democratic behavior, and autocratic behavior. The four aspects of leadership satisfaction, which were measured, were: individual performance satisfaction, team performance satisfaction, training and instruction satisfaction, and personal treatment satisfaction. The subjects of the study were 138 male university soccer players 7 of 9 universities in Ankara Region of Turkey. The athletes consisted of 38 offensive players, 49 defensive players, and 51 mid-field players. Data was collected through Leadership Scale for Sport (LSS) preference version and perception version, and Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire (ASQ). The study employed hierarchical regression procedures to test the congruence hypothesis derived from the multidimensional model of leadership. Results indicated athlete satisfaction was not dependent on the congruence between preferred and perceived leadership behavior. Additionally, results showed that there were no differences among the offensive, defensive, and mid-field players in preferred leadership, perceived leadership, and satisfaction with leadership. Further research is needed with the multidimensional theory of leadership in varying sport groups and with greater number of participants to identify other situational and behavioral factors associated with athletic performance.

Abstract The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between Principals¡¦ Leadership Behavior and teachers¡¦ organizational citizenship behavior in Pingtung junior high schools. Teachers¡¦ background variables and school environment variables were also analyzed to interpret the teachers' awareness of their principals¡¦ leadership behavior and their own organizational citizenship behavior. The researcher used ¡§Questionnaire of Junior High School Principals¡¦ Leadership Behavior¡¨ and ¡§Teachers¡¦ Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scales¡¨ to survey 402 teachers within 35 junior high schools in Pingtung County. The study adopted mean, standard deviation, t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson cross-product correlation, and stepwise multiple regression to answer the research questions. The findings of this study are as follows¡G 1. The principals¡¦ leadership behaviors perceived by the junior high school teachers are above average,and initiating behavior is higher than consideration behavior in pingtung county. 2. Junior high school teachers of different ¡§marital status¡¨,¡¨ years of service¡¨,¡¨ positions¡¨, ¡§school size¡¨ and ¡§school location¡¨ shows significant difference in their perception of principals¡¦ leadership behavior in pingtung county. 3. Teachers¡¦ organizational citizenship behavior of junior high school teachers in Pingtung county are above average, and the¡¨ sportsmanship¡¨ get the highest score. 4 .Junior high school teachers of different ¡§marital status¡¨ , ¡§years of service¡¨, ¡§educational degree ¡§,¡§positions¡¨,¡¨ school scale¡¨ and ¡§school location¡¨ have shows significant difference in the performance of organizational citizenship behavior. in Pingtung county. 5. Junior high school Teachers perceived their principals¡¦ different leadership styles shows significant difference in teachers¡¦ organizational citizenship behavior in Pingtung County. 6. Junior high school principals¡¦ leadership behavior is positively related to teachers¡¦ organizational citizenship behavior in Pingtung County. 7. Junior high school principals¡¦ leadership behavior and school location can predict teachers¡¦ organizational citizenship behavior in Pingtung County. Keywords: Principals¡¦ Leadership Behavior, Teachers¡¦ Organizational Citizenship Behavior

Abstract The domestic government department as a result of the government law protection, its staff is enjoyed for a long time the legal wages, the income disparity is not also obvious, in addition the power of works is stable, forms its unique culture. Relatively, its manager's leadership behavior and the organization performances, also have a difference with the privately operated enterprise. In recent years world¡¦s advanced countries impelled¡yReengineering Government¡z, the study enterprise was in vogue¡yBusiness Process Reengineering¡z, proposed served the idea to take the government as the customer guidance, expected the affiliation was reborn by organization's leadership behavior, changed tradition administration organization culture operation pattern, adapted the fast change environment, satisfied the populace to the government service request. The government department may from the service populace's viewpoint, readjust, the design administration organization and the administrative flow, achievement organization of performances the government department. The research take "the leadership behavior, the organization culture, the organization performances", discusses the correlation of the government department in the leadership behavior, the organization culture, and the organization performances. This research takes the questionnaire survey, is of department manager by way of the Tainan municipal government civil administration bureau correlation (municipal government civil administration bureau, household politics office and various areas geographical unit of government) is the research object, effectively asked the volume returns-ratio is 71.33% (sends asks a question volume 150, effectively asked volume 107), by way of the statistical analysis process, after reorganize the induction, this research discovered: 1. The leadership behavior and organization culture each other have reveals is being correlated. 2. The leadership behavior and the organization culture has to the organization performances reveals is affecting. 3. The different department manager individual characteristic in the leadership behavior, the organization culture and in the organization performance has reveals the difference. Key word: Leadership behavior, organization culture, organization performances.

There were 866 valid questionnaires from 970 released ones to primary school teachers in 84 Municipal Primary Schools in Kaohsiung, and the results are given below. 1. Part of the aspect of the principals¡¦ leadership behavior, teachers¡¦ job involvement and organization commitment would show significant difference because of different demographic variables. 2. There shows a significant positive correlation between the consideration behavior of the principals¡¦ leadership behavior and the teachers¡¦ job enjoyment, concentration and preparation aspects in their job involvement. 3. There shows a significant positive correlation between the initiation of structure of the principals¡¦ leadership behavior and the teachers¡¦ job enjoyment, concentration and preparation aspects in their jobs. 4. The consideration behavior of the principals¡¦ leadership behavior has significant and positive correlation with the affective commitment and normative commitment of teachers¡¦ organization commitment. 5. The initiation of structure of the principals¡¦ leadership behavior has significant positive correlation with the affective commitment, continuous commitment and normative commitment of teachers¡¦ organization commitment. 6. The consideration behavior of the principals¡¦ leadership behavior has significant negative correlation with the enjoyment of the teachers¡¦ job involvement. 7. The correlation among the initiation of structure of the principals¡¦ leadership behavior and the teachers¡¦ job enjoyment, concentration and preparation aspects in their job involvement are strong and positive. 8. The correlation among the consideration behavior of the principals¡¦ leadership behavior and the affective commitment and normative commitment of teachers¡¦ organization commitment is strong and positive. 9. The correlation among the initiation of structure of the principals¡¦ leadership behavior and the affective commitment and normative commitment of teachers¡¦ organization commitment is strong and positive.

Abstract The junior high school advisor face the key time of student¡¦s personality development. They have to do well on the basic work such as develop student¡¦s value, deliver knowledge and solve their confusion. At the same time, they have to face the unstable element in students¡¦ mind. So it is a challenge to make students¡¦ learn happily and grow up healthily. The research mean to realize the state, correlation and interaction of the advisor¡¦ leadership behavior, classroom atmosphere and learning satisfaction. And then offer concrete suggestion to the junior of advisor and referential members. The research is using the way of survey questionnaire. The subjects are 769 from the students in one junior high school in Kaohsiung. The date is analyzing with various methods of statistic analysis including descriptive statistic analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, independent-sample t-test, one-way anova, correlation analysis, regression analysis, After statistic analyze, the important results are as follows: 1.The junior high school advisors¡¦ leadership behavior, classroom atmosphere and learning satisfaction is above average. 2.The sample basic data including students¡¦ sexual and grade. They show significant difference in the junior high school advisors¡¦ leadership behavior, classroom atmosphere and learning satisfaction. 3.The sample background data including advisors¡¦ sexual, marriage and past service. They show significant difference in the junior high school advisors¡¦ leadership behavior, classroom atmosphere and learning satisfaction. 4.There is a positive correlation between the junior high school advisors¡¦ leadership behavior and positive classroom atmosphere. Besides, there is a negative correlation between the junior high school advisors¡¦ leadership behavior. 5.There is a positive correlation between the junior high school advisors¡¦ leadership behavior and learning satisfaction. 6. There is a positive correlation between positive classroom atmosphere and learning satisfaction. Besides, there is a negative relationship between negative classroom atmosphere and learning satisfaction. 7.There is a significant influence between the junior high school advisors¡¦ leadership behavior and classroom atmosphere. 8. There is a significant influence between the junior high school advisors¡¦ leadership behavior and learning satisfaction. 9. There is a significant influence between classroom atmosphere and learning satisfaction.

On the working environments of male in majority, female leaders tend to encounter different problems due to gender differences. In the TV program producing process of the modern communications industry, TV Director is the main leader of the whole TV program production teams. However, on the TV program producing setting with males as manipulating power at every step of production and filling with machines and hardware equipment, most of posts acted by females are administrative staff, production assistant, and assistant to TV Director. There are significant differences on the ratio of males to females for the position of TV Director. Does different leadership behavior between males and females cause the differences on the ratio of males and female leaders? After all, on the TV program producing setting with males as manipulating power, what are the leadership characteristics of female TV Director? Do the leadership behaviors of female TV Directors differ from those of male ones? What kinds of difficulties female TV Directors encounter during their leadership? The present study aims to make a survey from the perspective of females and the related disclosure of feminism. The subjects are female TV Directors of Television industries. The in-depth interview research method of the qualitative research is used for the selected female TV Directors, supervisors of female TV Directors and the related staff members to analyze their leadership behaviors and problems.The research finds that: 1. Leading traits of female TV Directors: the spirit of try, carefulness, responsible and openness. 2. Differences between the leading traits of female TV Directors and male TV Directors female TV Directors are careful and pay attention to details while male TV Directors tend to be firm and resolute, subjective, and effective to lead. 3. Leadership behavior of female TV Directors: tend to lead high degree of recognition and high initiating structure. They mainly use democratic leadership style. 4. Female TV Directors tend to lead higher initiating structure than male TV Directors. 5. Female TV Directors tend to use authoritative leadership style when facing problems or the emergency conditions. 6. There are differences of employee-oriented leadership behavior between males and females. 7. Ability is the key factor to breakthroughs gender differences. Keywords: Television, Female, TV Director, Leadership Behavior

Competitive environment in education, junior high school students with substantially reduced. If the junior high schools to be sustainable, the school must rely on cooperative efforts of all teachers and asked them to contribute their expertise to maintain the competitiveness of the school. This study focuses primarily on public junior high schools in Kaohsiung City, investigating the relationship among principal's transformational leadership behavior, teachers¡¦ job satisfactions and organizational commitment in kaohsiung Junior High schools. The rational and research structures of this study are literature review. Then it serves as the basis for designing research instruments. Survey method is used to examine 390 teachers in 39 junior high school teachers of Kaohsiung City, with 333 valid questionnaires returned. The following results are reached: 1. The more the principals focus on their transformational leadership, the better job satisfaction their teachers have. 2. The more the principals focus on their transformational leadership, the better organizational commitment their teachers have. 3. Higher degrees of the principal's transformational leadership and teachers¡¦s job satisfaction, in climate of organization boost organizational commitment from the teachers.

Abstract The military is the foundation of a nation¡¦s safety. To ensure the safety, prosperity and a continuous development of a country, the commanding officer of each troop in the armed forces should adopt a kind of leadership which can meet the needs of a country and its people thus fulfilling the mission of defending a country and protecting its people. The writer thoroughly observed and interviewed two commanding officers who were the subjects of this case study. The study is aimed to discuss the leadership behavior of the air-force colonels who are commanding officers. The study discusses the organization structure, the characteristics of missions and the number of people in troops, the difference between the leadership behavior between the commanding officers. The study tries to find a suitable leadership behavior which can be served as a reference for commanding officers in different troops in the future. The study has found the following phenomenon: 1. To lead a huge organization which has many people and facilities and units, the most important job is to know how to control. To lead an organization which has less people and it has a professional unit, the most important job is to plan and to know how to communicate to the subordinates. 2. There are many unnecessary meetings in the troops. The meetings are too long. Only a few items need to be discussed are relevant to the units, so it is a waste of time. 3. Due to different units, some commanding officers have too much work, some have less work. Some can not fully use his talents. Responsibility and power do not match. 4. If the unit has less people and resources, the conflict between subordinates are less. If the leader has better skill of eloquence, he can persuade his subordinates and convince them easily. 5. The leadership behavior at this stage in the military is ¡§people-centered¡¨ which produces good effects in leadership. In summary, the leadership behavior of the commanding officer can directly influence the behavior and attitude of his subordinates. The more the commanding officer cares his subordinates, the better meets the psychological needs of his subordinates. Key Words: Leadership behavior and effectiveness, 4 diagrams of leadership behavior,System and person-oriented, Initiating and consideration structure,Situational factors.

The major purpose of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between cerebral laterality dominance and leadership behavior and traits. An additional purpose was to determine whether a relationship exists between cerebral laterality dominance and gender, ethnicity, and educational position.