Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2005. / Title from PDF title page screen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-63)

Thesis (M.S.)--Springfield College, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (M.S.)--Springfield College, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-55)

Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-55). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2007. / Principal faculty advisor: Irene S. Davis, Dept. of Physical Therapy. Includes bibliographical references.

Master of Science / Department of Animal Sciences and Industry / Jennifer M. Bormann / Robert L. Weaber / The objective of this study was to investigate the parameter estimates for feet and leg traits, relationships within feet and leg traits, and between feet and leg traits and production traits in Red Angus cattle. Subjective scores for 14 traits including: Body Condition Score (BCS), Front Hoof Angle (FHA), Front Heel Depth (FHD), Front Claw Shape (FCS), Rear Hoof Angle (RHA), Rear Heel Depth (RHD), Rear Claw Shape (RCS), Size of Hoof (Size), Front Side View (FSV), Knee Orientation (KNEE), Front Hoof Orientation (FHO), Rear Side View (RSV), Rear View (RV), and a Composite Score (COMP) were collected by trained evaluators on 1885 Red Angus cattle at different ranches across the United States. A three-generation pedigree file was obtained from the Red Angus Association of America (RAAA) that contained 13,306 animals, and EPDs on all animals with feet and leg scores were obtained. All traits except COMP were scored as intermediate optimum traits. Data were modeled using a linear bivariate animal model with random additive genetic and residual effects, and fixed effects of age and contemporary group (herd-year). Variances were estimated with ASREML 3.0 and 4.0. Heritability estimates of BCS, FHA, FHD, FCS, RHA, RHD, RCS, Size, FSV, Knee, FHO, RSV, RV, and COMP were 0.11, 0.20, 0.17, 0.09, 0.19, 0.25, 0.17, 0.36, 0.16, 0.17, 0.17, 0.30, 0.14, and 0.12, respectively. These results showed feet and leg traits were lowly to moderately heritable. Strong, positive genetic correlations were found between FHA and FHD (0.89), FHA and RHA (0.88), FHD and RHA (0.85), FHA and RHD (0.85), FHD and RHD (0.94), and FHO and Knee (0.95), indicating these traits may be highly related to one another. Strong negative correlations were found between Knee and FSV (-0.59) and FHO and FSV (-0.75). The strongest correlation was between front limb traits (FHA, FHD, FSV, FHO, Knee, and Comp) and the Stayability EPD (STAY) was FSV (r =0.16; r_s =0.20) and for rear limb traits (RHA, RHD, RCS, RSV, RV, and Comp) and STAY was RCS (r = -0.12; r_s=-0.14). This indicates that cattle with more slope to the angle of the shoulder stay in the herd longer and cattle with less curl to the inside of the claw tend to stay in the herd longer. Further studies with more data could help validate the relationship between feet and leg traits and production traits.

M.Dip.Tech. (Homoeopathy) / The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of the Homoeopathic simplex Zincum metallicum in a D6 potency with the Homoeopathic complex treatment Spascupreel in Restless leg syndrome sufferers in terms ofpatient response to treatment. It was hypothesised that the Homoeopathic simplex Zincum metallicum in a D6 potency.Both the homoeopathic simplex Zincum metallicum D6 preparation and homoeopathic complex Spascupreel preparation was found to bring about an improvement in the symptoms ofrestless leg syndrome. However Zincum metallicum D6 showed a much greater improvement that was statistically significant. and the Homoeopathic complex Spascupreel would result in a substantial improvement in all the clinical aspects ofRestless leg syndrome sufferers, and that it could be used as an alternative to "conventional" treatment in many cases. The study, conducted over a period of 3 months, was a clinical trial, in which a placebo control group was compared with two experimental groups. Convenience sampling was used to draw patients into the trial. Volunteers responded to advertisements, which had been placed in various advertising media. The persons who responded to the advertisements were requested to complete Questionnaires one and two and of those who met the criteria, which clearly indicated that they were sufferers of Restless leg syndrome, a maximum of 30 volunteers were accepted for the study. An independent party randomly divided the participants into three groups and the study was conducted over a period ofthree months. During this period 10 of the participants received placebo treatment, 10 received the Homoeopathic simplex Zincum metallicum in a D6 potency and 10 received the Homoeopathic complex Spascupreel. Being a double-blind study neither the researcher nor the participants knew what type of treatment they received until the end of the research. The participants who fell into the placebo group were given the opportunity after the study to be treated with Homoeopathic simplex or complex treatment depending on the effectiveness.

A number of investigators have determined the joint forces acting at the hip and knee for normal human locomotion as related to the design of prosthetic devices. This research has been extended to allow the calculation or estimation of the muscular and ligamentous forces operating at the knee joint for normal walking. The current study expanded upon the past research to evaluate the magnitude and temporal sequence of.the muscle, ligament and articular forces acting at the knee joint for a simulated skating thrust. A skilled ice hockey player was filmed in two reference planes while making a skating thrust from a laboratory force platform. The cine film data was synchronized with the force plate output to allow calculation of the orthogonal forces and moments imposed on the knee joint. The orthogonal force system was determined from a knowledge of the inertial, gravitational and reaction forces acting on the lower limb during the skating thrust. The muscle, ligament and joint forces were determined from equations derived from the conditions of joint equilibrium. The equations of equilibrium were indeterminate and had to be reduced by making assumptions from electromyographic records to allow solution. Forces were calculated for a simplified muscle and ligament system which included the hamstrings, quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscle groups, the collateral ligaments and the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint. In addition, the articular joint force, joint torque and centre of pressure of the joint force were determined. Results of the investigation revealed that the magnitude of the muscle, ligament and joint forces developed in a skating thrust were considerably greater than respective forces exerted during level walking while the temporal sequence of the skating forces was comparable to walking upstairs. The quadriceps muscle group exerted the greatest contractile force while the gastrocnemius and hamstrings groups developed much smaller forces. The largest ligament forces were developed in the collateral ligaments and the posterior cruciate ligament to maintain stability of the joint. The knee joint is subject to the combined effects of a joint force six times body weight and a large joint torque superimposed upon each other during the skating thrust and this fact is considered important when discussing the cause of menisci knee injuries. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Leg-Spring Stiffness (LSS) is the measure of the musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, and biomechanical functions of the human body, and an appropriate evaluation metric for changes brought on by Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLr). ACLr can lead to flexion and extension loss, resulting in increased stiffness of the musculotendinous units of the ACLr leg and thus changes in LSS. LSS can be measured using Kleg, but little is known about the validity and reliability of the different methods of LSS and Kleg calculations. The purpose of this study was to determine if ACLr leads to a change in LSS (as measured by Kleg) during hopping, and to compare results of the Spring-Mass calculation and knee Joint Torsional stiffness methods in the computation of the overall Kleg. Video data synchronize with GRF were used to compute the kinematic and kinetic variables. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to determine significant differences between the control and experimental group for the Spring-Mass method of calculation (p = 0.004), Joint Torsional method (p =0.44), Kknee (p = 0.29), and Kankle (p = 0.17). Cohen’s effect calculations showed small to medium effects for the KKnee, (d = 0.383) but moderate effect size for the KAnkle, (d = 0.541). Wilcoxon Signed Rank comparison for all the legs and (N=42) between computational methods were significant differences between computational methods (Z = 5.65, p = 0.000), and with a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 3.14). Similar results were found when comparing only the ACLr leg values (p = 0.005, Cohen’s d = 4.88). The comparison between ACL Leg vs Non-ACL leg for experimental group subjects was not significant in either calculation method (Spring-Mass p = 0.20, Z = -1.27; torque calculation p = 0.96, Z = -0.05). The spring-mass method was more stable and able to detect differences between the control and ACLr group. The lack of statistical differences in the joint torsion calculation method, as well as in comparing the unaffected leg to the ACLr leg in the experimental group, suggests that LSS may not be a precise enough measurement to determine the effects of an ACLr.