Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-04-03T20:57:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EricaGuedesReboucas_DISSERT.pdf: 1576991 bytes, checksum: 485b977b19d4b074758125f6902f17b1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-06T22:31:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EricaGuedesReboucas_DISSERT.pdf: 1576991 bytes, checksum: 485b977b19d4b074758125f6902f17b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-06T22:31:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EricaGuedesReboucas_DISSERT.pdf: 1576991 bytes, checksum: 485b977b19d4b074758125f6902f17b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-16 / A partir das limita??es nas fontes de energia, principalmente aos derivados de petr?leo, surge o biodiesel que ? produzido por rotas tradicionais e consolidadas, como a transesterifica??o, empregando aquecimento convencional e cat?lise homog?nea. Na busca por novas tecnologias de produ??o de biodiesel, os processos utilizando ?lcool em condi??es supercr?ticas t?m sido amplamente investigados. E a import?ncia de uma opera??o cont?nua tem levado a alguns estudos de produ??o de biodiesel em meio supercr?tico utilizando reatores tubulares. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar o emprego de leito de inertes (vidro) em um reator tubular para produ??o de biodiesel a partir de ?leo de soja com etanol pressurizado. A partir de um planejamento experimental, foram analisados os efeitos da temperatura (300, 350 e 400?C), da vaz?o volum?trica de alimenta??o dos reagentes (0,5 e 1 mL/min) e da porosidade do leito (0,42, 0,38 e 0,32) nas condi??es de 15 MPa e raz?o molar ?leo:etanol 1:40 sobre o teor em ?steres. Al?m disso, foi analisado o efeito da raz?o molar ?leo:etanol, e para isso foram conduzidas corridas experimentais a 350?C, 15 MPa e porosidade de 0,38 nas vaz?es de 0,3; 0,5; e 1 mL/min, em diferentes raz?es molares (1:10 ? 1:70). Em geral, os resultados indicaram um efeito positivo da temperatura sobre o teor em ?steres, devido a maior solubilidade do ?leo no ?lcool, nestas condi??es. Outro resultado interessante, foi o efeito combinado da vaz?o e da porosidade sobre tempo de resid?ncia, maximizando a transfer?ncia de massa e a miscibilidade entre as fases, possibilitando o avan?o da rea??o em baixos tempos. O melhor resultado em teor de ?steres (98,99%) foi alcan?ado ap?s 5,44 min de rea??o, nas condi??es de 400?C, 15MPa, raz?o molar ?leo de soja:etanol 1:40, vaz?o de alimenta??o de 0,5 mL/min, e porosidade de 0,32. / From the limitations of energy sources, mostly oil derivatives, biodiesel, traditionally produced comes with well-established routes of production such as the transesterification, using conventional heating and homogeneous catalysis. In the search for new technologies in the production of biodiesel, the methods that use alcohol in supercritical conditions have been widely investigated. The importance of continuous operation has taken to some studies of biodiesel production in supercritical method using tubular reactors. The following project has aims to investigate the use of inert (glass) in a tubular bed reactor for the production of biodiesel from soybean oil with pressurized. The effects of the temperature (300, 350 and 400?C), the volumetric flow rate of the reagents (0,5 and 1 mL/min), bed porosity (0.42, 0.38 and 0.32) under the conditions of 15 MPa and molar ratio oil: ethanol 1:40 on the esters conversion of the reaction were analyzed. In addition, the effect of the oil: ethanol molar ratio was analyzed, and for this, experimental runs were conducted at 350?C, 15 MPa and porosity of 0.38 at flow rates of 0.3; 0.5; and 1 mL/min, in different molar ratios (1:10 - 1:70). In general, the results indicated a positive effect of temperature on the ester content, due to the higher solubility of the oil in the alcohol under these conditions. Another interesting result was the combined effect of flow rate and porosity on residence time, maximizing the mass transfer and the miscibility between the phases, allowing the advance of the reaction at low times. The best result (98.99%) were achieved after 8 min of reaction under the conditions of 400?C, 15 MPa, molar ratio soybean oil: ethanol 1:40, flow rate of 0.5 mL/min, and porosity of 0.32.