We construct a Lie relator which is not an identical Lie relator. This is the first known example of a non-identical Lie relator. Next we consider the existence of torsion in outer commutator groups. Let L be a free Lie ring. Suppose that 1 < i ≤ j ≤ 2i and i ≤ k ≤ i + j + 1. We prove that L/[L^j, Lⁱ, L^k<./em>] is torsion free. Also, we prove that if 1 < i ≤ j ≤ 2i and j ≤ k ≤ l ≤ i + j then L/[L^j, Lⁱ, L^k, L^l] is torsion free. We then prove that the analogous groups, namely F/[γ_j(F),γ_i(F),γ_k(F)] and F/[γ_j(F),γ_i(F),γ_k(F),γ_l(F)] (under the same conditions for i, j, k and i, j, k, l respectively), are residually nilpotent and torsion free. We prove the existence of 2-torsion in the Lie rings L/[L^j, Lⁱ, L^k] when 1 ≤ k < i,j ≤ 5, and thus show that our methods do not work in these cases. Finally, we consider the order of finite groups of exponent 8. For m ≥ 2, we define the function T(m,n) by T(m,1) = m and T(m,k + 1) = m^T(m,k). We prove that if G is a finite m-generator group of exponent 8 then |G| ≤ T(m, 7⁴⁷¹), improving upon the best previously known bound of T(m, 8⁸⁸).

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-48).

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Mathematical Sciences, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

In this thesis I describe construction of Lie group and Lie algebra and its following usage for physical problems. To be able to construct Lie groups and Lie algebras we need define basic terms such as topological manifold, tensor algebra and differential geometry. First part of my thesis is aimed on this topic. In second part I am dealing with construction of Lie groups and algebras. Furthermore, I am showing different properties of given structures. Next I am trying to show, that there exists some connection among Lie groups and Lie algebras. In last part of this thesis is used just for showing how this apparat can be used on physical problems. Best known usage is to find physical symmetries to establish conservation laws, all thanks to famous Noether theorem.