There is no abstract available for this dissertation.

Detailed bacterial and chemical studies were conducted on Cardinal Creek, flowing through the Ball State University campus from May to December, 1972. Samples were collected from drain pipes flowing into the stream and also from the center of the stream between drain pipes.Results of the study show human waste materials are entering Cardinal Creek at the sampling site located behind the Ball State trailer courts. Forty-four percent of the time, ratios of fecal coliforms to fecal streptococci at this site were above 4.0 indicating human waste contamination.The presence of pathogens in the water is another clue to the quality of the surface water. Salmonella and Shigella are associated with gastro-intestinal diseases that may be spread by ingestion of water contaminated with these bacteria. Salmonella and Shigella were isolated on several occasions from the drain pipe behind the trailer courts. Salmonella paratyphi was found on the December 28 sampling date. It's presence in the creek shows human wastes are entering the stream.Chemical data, collected on December 28, indicate a heavy load of organic matter is entering Cardinal Creek at the Ball State trailer court drain pipe. Of all the sites sampled on this date, highest values for nitrogen and phosphorus and the lowest values for oxygen were found at the trailer court location.In conclusion, data collected in this study shows that water entering Cardinal Creek from the drain pipe located by the Ball State trailer courts, contains human fecal material. Measures should be taken to correct the situation.

Ball State University LibrariesLibrary services and resources for knowledge buildingMasters ThesesThere is no abstract available for this thesis.

Ball State University LibrariesLibrary services and resources for knowledge buildingMasters ThesesThere is no abstract available for this thesis.

Selected physicochemical properties of Little Lick Creek, in Hartford City, Indiana, were determined in the fall of 1969. Subsurface samples from five stations, two upstream and two downstream from a discharge point: at the. Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Companywere analyzed. A complex effluent containing a dye entered the creek from the paper plant. Dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand determinations of the water downstream from the discharge displayed changes in water quality of the creek. The water temperature rose significantly after the discharge water entered the creek. A cell count study of the Cyanophyta of the creek was also determined.Little Lick Creek was considered polluted below the paper products plant discharge based on the observed changes in the water tested. Cyanophyta populations were apparently reduced by the effluent.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Ball State University LibrariesLibrary services and resources for knowledge buildingMasters ThesesThere is no abstract available for this thesis.

Jakes Creek, Delaware County, Indiana, near Muncie, was investigated between July 5, and November 23, 1969. The purpose of the analysis was to determine the water quality of the stream throughout its twelve kilometer length.Twelve stations were established to analyze the effects of the pollution entering from field tiles and tributaries. Where Jakes Creek enters Killbuck Creek two stations were established, one above and one below the confluence.Physical and chemical tests, and biological indicators were utilized in concluding the following: (1) The major source of the pollution is from the South Branch of Jakes Creek where field drainage tiles carry large volumes of raw sewage. (2) Another source of pollution which flows into the North Branch is from a field tile carrying effluent from a local dairy. (3) Raw sewage enters the stream throughout its length from small tributaries. This sewage supports andenhances the coliform bacteria population. (4) The water is unsuitable for drinking by either humans or domestic stock (Public Health Service Publication No. 956, 1962). Neither should it be used by humans for partial or whole body contact (Indiana Stream Pollution Control Board, 1967). (5) Based on California State Mater Pollution Board criteria the water of Jakes Creek can legally be deemed polluted.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This study was conducted from June, 1976, to May, 1977 on the White River in Muncie. Data were collected to provide information concerning the effects that changes in discharge had on various water chemistry parameters. The following parameters were measured: alkalinity concentration, dissolved oxygen concentration, specific conductance, hydrogen ion concentration, turbidity, temperature, nitrate concentration, nitrite concentration, ortho- and meta-phosphate concentrations. At the time of each sample, discharge measurements were calculated and averaged.At the conclusion of sampling, the 34 measurements for each parameter were graphed and statistically analyzed. The parameters appeared to separate into two groups: Group A, which contained those parameters which seemed to be affected by discharge, and Group B, which contained those parameters which seemed to be unaffected by discharge. Group A parameters included nitrate concentration, nitrite concentration, turbidity, ortho- and meta-phosphate concentrations. Group B parameters included dissolved oxygen concentration, hydrogen ion concentration, specific conductance, and alkalinity concentration.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Selected limnologic characteristics were examined at an east-central Indiana borrow pit lake to determine the role of submerged aquatic plants in water chemistry dynamics. During the summer of 1978 the lake was sampled at approximately weekly intervals in the evening and again the following morning in the shallow macrophyte area and the deeper open water control area void of macrophytes. Alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, and pH were evaluated for changes induced by macrophytes and Aufwuchs.Maximum macrophyte dry weight biomass was observed in the middle of July, after which the plants died off quickly. Potamogeton pusillus and P. pectinatus were the dominant species present.Dissolved oxygen levels were found to be higher in the evening and lower in the morning due to photosynthesis and respiration of aquatic plants at the macrophyte siteas compared to the control site. Daily variations in alkalinity at the macrophyte site were more intense than recorded at the control site. During the day, bicarbonate alkalinity was decreased and carbonate alkalinity increased at the macrophyte site. Diurnal fluctuation of hydrogen ion concentration was also greater at the macrophyte site than at the control site. Metabolism by macrophytes and Aufwuchs greatly influenced the water chemistry of Dumpert's Borrow Pit Lake.Laboratory studies have identified fluctuating levels of dissolved oxygen as a stress on fish resulting in reduced growth. A pilot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of macrophyte and Aufwuchs induced diurnal fluctuations of dissolved oxygen on growth, food consumption, and food conversion by adult bluegill fed mealworms ad libitum. Average growth, food consumption, and food conversion were lower for bluegill exposed to macrophyte-induced water quality changes. None of the differences were significant, however, due to variability and the small sample size.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306