Modificações neurosensoriais, decorrentes de complicações relacionadas a tratamentos odontológicos, estão entre as principais causas de litígio envolvendo cirurgiões-dentistas. Um dos nervos mais acometidos nestes casos é o nervo lingual. Entre os inconvenientes apontados nas queixas judiciais estão as dificuldades na articulação dos sons da fala nessas situações. Neste contexto, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar se há dano à função fonética resultante da ausência de sensibilidade unilateral da língua induzida por anestesia do nervo lingual. Participaram do estudo 10 sujeitos voluntários, brasileiros, do sexo masculino, com idade entre 21 e 27 anos. Foram realizadas as análises perceptual e acústica das falas gravadas antes e depois da anestesia do nervo lingual. Além disso, os sujeitos da pesquisa responderam a um questionário com o objetivo de avaliar o nível de desconforto e dificuldade na produção da fala. Após assinatura do TCLE e avaliação clínica e fonoaudiológica, os sujeitos foram divididos em dois grupos. As gravações consistiram em conjuntos de vogais e palavras. Para o segundo grupo, a leitura de um texto foi acrescentada para o estudo da fala encadeada. Para a análise perceptual foram observados os comportamentos das falas em relação à inteligibilidade, ao pitch, loudness e co-articulação. Para o segundo grupo, a fala encadeada foi analisada quanto ao ritmo, fluidez, co-articulação e velocidade de produção. Não foram observadas quaisquer diferenças nos parâmetros perceptivo auditivos definidos para o estudo. Para a análise acústica, realizou-se o estudo de cinco vogais isoladas e da fricativa sibilante /s/. Foram extraídos e comparados os valores dos dois primeiros formantes das vogais /a, / , /i/, / e /u/. Foi possível observar que, apesar de existirem diferenças nos valores absolutos dos formantes, eles se mantiveram em faixas de freqüências características das vogais faladas nos dois momentos e, além disso, nenhum indivíduo relatou qualquer dificuldade em relação à produção das vogais. Os parâmetros escolhidos para análise comparativa da consoante sibilante /s/ foram: a localização do pico espectral de maior amplitude, o coeficiente de assimetria, o coeficiente de curtose e o centro de gravidade. As análises demonstraram que os padrões desses parâmetros também foram mantidos após a aplicação da anestesia. Ademais, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os dois momentos, para os parâmetros analisados. Apesar de 03 sujeitos (30%) relatarem dificuldades na produção de determinados fonemas, as análises das gravações de suas falas demonstraram não haver nenhuma diferença significativa entre os dois momentos. O presente trabalho ofereceu informações importantes a respeito de técnicas que podem ser utilizadas nas perícias envolvendo o dano fonético. Ficando claro que é preciso uma interpretação criteriosa dos resultados apresentados, especialmente nas análises acústicas. Os resultados encontrados permitem concluir que não houve dano fonético resultante da inibição funcional unilateral do nervo lingual para o grupo pesquisado. / Sensorineural changes due to complications related to dentistry treatments are between the main litigation causes involving dentists. One of the most affected nerves in these situations is the lingual nerve. Speech changes are related as a complication in these cases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the possible phonetic damage resulting from lingual nerve sensorial alterations induced by anesthesia. The study group consisted of 10 men, aged between 21 and 27 years. Perceptual and acoustic analyses of the speech samples recorded before and after the lingual nerve anesthesia were performed. Moreover, the subjects answered a questionnaire to discuss the level of discomfort and difficulty in speaking. The informers were divided into two groups. The recording consisted of a combination of vowels and words. A text reading was added for the second group. Perceptual analyses studied the behavior of the intelligibility, pitch, loudness and co-articulation. For the second group, the pace, fluidity, co-articulation and production speed were evaluated. There were no differences in perceptive parameters defined for the study. The acoustic analyses of isolated vowels /a/, / , /i/, / , /u/ were performed. The first two formant frequencies values were analyzed. It was possible to observe that, despite of the differences in absolute values of formants, they were located in bands of frequencies that are characteristics of the vowels spoken, in both moments. In addition, none of the subjects reported any difficulty in produce vowel sounds. The parameters chosen for acoustic analysis of /s/ sound were: location of the greater spectral peak, skewness, kurtosis and center of gravity. The analyses showed that the patterns of these parameters were maintained after the application of the anesthesia. Moreover, when the two moments were compared, no statistically significant differences for the parameters analyzed were found. Three subjects (30%) reported difficulties in the production of certain phonemes, but the analysis of their records did not show any significant difference between the two moments. This study provides important information about techniques that can be used in phonetic damage investigation. A careful interpretation of the results presented by acoustic analyses in these cases is necessary. It can be concluded that there was no phonetic damage resulting from the unilateral inhibition of the lingual nerve function for the enrolled group.

Modificações neurosensoriais, decorrentes de complicações relacionadas a tratamentos odontológicos, estão entre as principais causas de litígio envolvendo cirurgiões-dentistas. Um dos nervos mais acometidos nestes casos é o nervo lingual. Entre os inconvenientes apontados nas queixas judiciais estão as dificuldades na articulação dos sons da fala nessas situações. Neste contexto, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar se há dano à função fonética resultante da ausência de sensibilidade unilateral da língua induzida por anestesia do nervo lingual. Participaram do estudo 10 sujeitos voluntários, brasileiros, do sexo masculino, com idade entre 21 e 27 anos. Foram realizadas as análises perceptual e acústica das falas gravadas antes e depois da anestesia do nervo lingual. Além disso, os sujeitos da pesquisa responderam a um questionário com o objetivo de avaliar o nível de desconforto e dificuldade na produção da fala. Após assinatura do TCLE e avaliação clínica e fonoaudiológica, os sujeitos foram divididos em dois grupos. As gravações consistiram em conjuntos de vogais e palavras. Para o segundo grupo, a leitura de um texto foi acrescentada para o estudo da fala encadeada. Para a análise perceptual foram observados os comportamentos das falas em relação à inteligibilidade, ao pitch, loudness e co-articulação. Para o segundo grupo, a fala encadeada foi analisada quanto ao ritmo, fluidez, co-articulação e velocidade de produção. Não foram observadas quaisquer diferenças nos parâmetros perceptivo auditivos definidos para o estudo. Para a análise acústica, realizou-se o estudo de cinco vogais isoladas e da fricativa sibilante /s/. Foram extraídos e comparados os valores dos dois primeiros formantes das vogais /a, / , /i/, / e /u/. Foi possível observar que, apesar de existirem diferenças nos valores absolutos dos formantes, eles se mantiveram em faixas de freqüências características das vogais faladas nos dois momentos e, além disso, nenhum indivíduo relatou qualquer dificuldade em relação à produção das vogais. Os parâmetros escolhidos para análise comparativa da consoante sibilante /s/ foram: a localização do pico espectral de maior amplitude, o coeficiente de assimetria, o coeficiente de curtose e o centro de gravidade. As análises demonstraram que os padrões desses parâmetros também foram mantidos após a aplicação da anestesia. Ademais, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os dois momentos, para os parâmetros analisados. Apesar de 03 sujeitos (30%) relatarem dificuldades na produção de determinados fonemas, as análises das gravações de suas falas demonstraram não haver nenhuma diferença significativa entre os dois momentos. O presente trabalho ofereceu informações importantes a respeito de técnicas que podem ser utilizadas nas perícias envolvendo o dano fonético. Ficando claro que é preciso uma interpretação criteriosa dos resultados apresentados, especialmente nas análises acústicas. Os resultados encontrados permitem concluir que não houve dano fonético resultante da inibição funcional unilateral do nervo lingual para o grupo pesquisado. / Sensorineural changes due to complications related to dentistry treatments are between the main litigation causes involving dentists. One of the most affected nerves in these situations is the lingual nerve. Speech changes are related as a complication in these cases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the possible phonetic damage resulting from lingual nerve sensorial alterations induced by anesthesia. The study group consisted of 10 men, aged between 21 and 27 years. Perceptual and acoustic analyses of the speech samples recorded before and after the lingual nerve anesthesia were performed. Moreover, the subjects answered a questionnaire to discuss the level of discomfort and difficulty in speaking. The informers were divided into two groups. The recording consisted of a combination of vowels and words. A text reading was added for the second group. Perceptual analyses studied the behavior of the intelligibility, pitch, loudness and co-articulation. For the second group, the pace, fluidity, co-articulation and production speed were evaluated. There were no differences in perceptive parameters defined for the study. The acoustic analyses of isolated vowels /a/, / , /i/, / , /u/ were performed. The first two formant frequencies values were analyzed. It was possible to observe that, despite of the differences in absolute values of formants, they were located in bands of frequencies that are characteristics of the vowels spoken, in both moments. In addition, none of the subjects reported any difficulty in produce vowel sounds. The parameters chosen for acoustic analysis of /s/ sound were: location of the greater spectral peak, skewness, kurtosis and center of gravity. The analyses showed that the patterns of these parameters were maintained after the application of the anesthesia. Moreover, when the two moments were compared, no statistically significant differences for the parameters analyzed were found. Three subjects (30%) reported difficulties in the production of certain phonemes, but the analysis of their records did not show any significant difference between the two moments. This study provides important information about techniques that can be used in phonetic damage investigation. A careful interpretation of the results presented by acoustic analyses in these cases is necessary. It can be concluded that there was no phonetic damage resulting from the unilateral inhibition of the lingual nerve function for the enrolled group.

The objective of this study was to: (1) model the course of the lingual nerve (LN) in the third molar region using digitized data and (2) investigate landmarks to aid in predicting the position of LN. A MicroScribe 3-DX digitizer and Autodesk® Maya® 8.5 were used to create 3-D in-situ models of LN for seven human cadaveric specimens. Regression analysis demonstrated that an anteriorly positioned lingula is directly proportional to the vertical distance of the LN relative to the alveolar crest (p < 0.05). A superiorly positioned mylohyoid ridge was also directly proportional to the vertical distance of the LN relative to the alveolar crest (p < 0.05). The LN is positioned closer to the alveolar crest in specimens where the mylohyoid ridge is positioned superiorly (p = 0.001). This study demonstrated a novel way of quantifying the relative position of the LN using 3-D computer modeling.

The objective of this study was to: (1) model the course of the lingual nerve (LN) in the third molar region using digitized data and (2) investigate landmarks to aid in predicting the position of LN. A MicroScribe 3-DX digitizer and Autodesk® Maya® 8.5 were used to create 3-D in-situ models of LN for seven human cadaveric specimens. Regression analysis demonstrated that an anteriorly positioned lingula is directly proportional to the vertical distance of the LN relative to the alveolar crest (p < 0.05). A superiorly positioned mylohyoid ridge was also directly proportional to the vertical distance of the LN relative to the alveolar crest (p < 0.05). The LN is positioned closer to the alveolar crest in specimens where the mylohyoid ridge is positioned superiorly (p = 0.001). This study demonstrated a novel way of quantifying the relative position of the LN using 3-D computer modeling.

Background: Several studies have suggested that the likelihood of paraesthesia may depend on the local anaesthetic (LA) used. The purpose of this study was to analyze reports of paraesthesia among dental LAs used in the U.S. Methods: Reports of paraesthesia involving LAs between November 1997 through August 2008 were obtained from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System. Chi-Square analysis compared expected frequencies, based on U.S. LA sales data, to observed reports of oral paraesthesia. Results: During the study period 248 cases of paraesthesia following dental procedures were reported. Most (94.5%) cases involved mandibular nerve block. The lingual nerve was affected in 89.0% of cases. Reports involving 4%-prilocaine and 4%-articaine were 7.3-times and 3.6-times, respectively, greater than expected (χ2, p<0.0001) based on LA usage by U.S. dentists. Conclusions: Consistent with previous reports, these data suggest that paraesthesia is more common following use of 4% LA formulations.

Background: Several studies have suggested that the likelihood of paraesthesia may depend on the local anaesthetic (LA) used. The purpose of this study was to analyze reports of paraesthesia among dental LAs used in the U.S. Methods: Reports of paraesthesia involving LAs between November 1997 through August 2008 were obtained from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System. Chi-Square analysis compared expected frequencies, based on U.S. LA sales data, to observed reports of oral paraesthesia. Results: During the study period 248 cases of paraesthesia following dental procedures were reported. Most (94.5%) cases involved mandibular nerve block. The lingual nerve was affected in 89.0% of cases. Reports involving 4%-prilocaine and 4%-articaine were 7.3-times and 3.6-times, respectively, greater than expected (χ2, p<0.0001) based on LA usage by U.S. dentists. Conclusions: Consistent with previous reports, these data suggest that paraesthesia is more common following use of 4% LA formulations.

No description available.

This study explores the effects of surgical reconstruction and nerve repair on sensorimotor function and quality of life (QOL) for patients with base of tongue (BOT) cancer compared to healthy, age-matched adults. Sensations were tested on the anterior two-thirds of the oral tongue for two-point discrimination, light touch, taste, temperature, form and texture on 30 patients with BOT reconstruction with radial forearm free-flap and on 30 controls. Results indicated sensation for the unaffected tongue side and affected side with lingual nerve intact was comparable to controls, with poorer sensory outcomes for nerve repair. However, lingual nerves repaired with reanastomosis provided superior results to cable-grafting and severed nerves. Patients had decreased motor function only when the hypoglossal and lingual nerves were affected. Patients' QOL responses on the UW-QOL and EORTC QLQ-H&N35 revealed involvement of lingual and hypoglossal nerves resulted in poorer QOL outcomes. QOL interviews revealed additional problematic issues in this population not identified by standardized questionnaires. / Speech-Language Pathology