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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Influence des vulnérabilités des personnes sur l’appréciation de l’expérience de soins de première ligne

Haidar, Ola 12 1900 (has links)
L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser les variations dans l’appréciation de l’expérience de soins de première ligne des personnes selon leurs vulnérabilités, compte tenu des sources habituelles de soins et des contextes locaux dans le contexte d’un système universel de soins médicaux et hospitaliers. L’étude apprécie l’expérience de soins de 9 206 personnes. Leurs vulnérabilités sanitaire, biologique, matérielle, relationnelle et culturelle sont prises en compte. Les sources habituelles de soins sont divisées en trois classes : 1) n’avoir aucune source habituelle de soins; 2) avoir une source habituelle de soins de première ligne représentée par cinq modèles organisationnels des services (quatre modèles de type professionnel : à prestataire unique, de contact, de coordination et de coordination intégré, et un modèle de type communautaire); et finalement 3) avoir une source habituelle de soins autre que de première ligne. Les contextes locaux sont divisés en quatre groupes : le pourvu-indépendant, l’équilibré-coordonné, le dépourvu-dépendant et l’affluent-commerçant. La régression logistique multiple est utilisée comme stratégie d’analyse. Le premier article de la thèse permet de comprendre l’influence des vulnérabilités et de leurs interactions sur l’appréciation de l’expérience de soins. Les vulnérabilités sont généralement associées à une appréciation positive de l’expérience de soins sauf pour les personnes vulnérables culturellement. Cet effet de la vulnérabilité s’accroît souvent en présence d’une deuxième vulnérabilité, soit la vulnérabilité sanitaire. Les personnes vulnérables culturellement ont une appréciation positive plus fréquente de leur expérience de soins lorsqu’elles sont aussi vulnérables sanitairement. Le second article permet, quant à lui, de comprendre l’effet modérateur des sources habituelles de soins sur la relation entre les vulnérabilités et l’appréciation de l’expérience de soins. Les personnes vulnérables matériellement et relationnellement ont une appréciation positive plus fréquente de leur expérience de soins surtout lorsqu’elles utilisent une source habituelle de soins de première ligne. Cette appréciation est la plus fréquente pour le modèle professionnel de prestataire unique et la moins fréquente pour le modèle professionnel de contact. C’est dans le troisième article que nous nous intéressons à l’effet modérateur des contextes locaux sur la relation entre les vulnérabilités et l’appréciation de l’expérience de soins. Les contextes locaux sont généralement associés à une appréciation positive plus fréquente de l’expérience de soins des personnes vulnérables, sauf les personnes vulnérables culturellement. Cette appréciation est la plus fréquente pour le contexte équilibré-coordonné et la moins fréquente pour les contextes dépourvu-dépendant et affluent-commerçant. Le quatrième et dernier article analyse l’effet modérateur de l’interaction entre la source habituelle de soins et le contexte local sur la relation entre les vulnérabilités et l’appréciation de l’expérience de soins. Les personnes vulnérables culturellement ont une appréciation positive plus fréquente de l’expérience de soins lorsque la source habituelle de soins est du type professionnel de prestataire unique dans deux contextes locaux : le pourvu-indépendant et le dépourvu-dépendant. Cette appréciation est moins fréquemment positive lorsqu’elle est du type professionnel de contact et de coordination intégré et du type communautaire dans l’un ou l’autre des contextes locaux : le dépourvu-dépendant et l’affluent-commerçant. L’étude démontre que les personnes vulnérables favorisent la pratique solo et que l’abondance des ressources au niveau local n’est pas garant d’une meilleure appréciation de l’expérience de soins. Il faut considérer l’interdépendance entre les facteurs individuels, organisationnels et contextuels pour mieux comprendre l’appréciation de l’expérience de soins. / The objective of this thesis is to analyze variations in persons’ appreciation of their experience of primary care based on their vulnerabilities when the usual sources of care used and local contexts within which the care is obtained are considered, all within the frame of a universal system of hospital and physician services. We appreciated the experience of primary care of 9 206 persons. At the same time, the health related, biological, material, relational and cultural vulnerabilities of the users of the services are evaluated. Also, a classification into three categories of usual sources of care is used : 1) no usual source of care, 2) a usual source of primary care identified in a taxonomy of five organizational models (four models of professional types, the unique provider, the contact, the coordination and the integrated coordination, and a fifth model of community type), and finally 3) a usual source of care not of the primary level. In addition, a taxonomy of four groups of local contexts is used : the provided-independent, the balanced-coordinated, the deprived-dependent and the affluent-trader. Multiple logistic regression analyses were carried out. The first article of the thesis elaborates on the influence of the vulnerabilities of persons and their interactions on the appreciation of the experience of care. It reveals that persons’ vulnerabilities are generally associated with a positive appreciation of the experience of care, except for the culturally vulnerable persons. This positive effect of vulnerability on appreciation increases in the presence of a second vulnerability, especially the health-related vulnerability. Culturally vulnerable persons have a more frequent positive appreciation of their experience of care if they are also vulnerable in their health. The second article features an analysis of the moderating effect of the usual sources of care on the relationship between different vulnerabilities and the appreciation of the experience of care. The main finding is that materially and relationally vulnerable persons have a more frequent positive appreciation of their experience of care when they use a usual source of primary care. This positive appreciation is the most frequent for the professional unique provider model and the least frequent for the professional contact model. In the third article, we focus on the moderating effect of the local contexts on the relationship between the vulnerabilities and the appreciation of the experience of care. The positive appreciation of the experience of care by the vulnerable persons is the highest, when care is obtained in the balanced-coordinated context except for the culturally vulnerable persons. Meanwhile, the positive appreciation is the least for care obtained in the affluent-trader or provided-independent context. The fourth and last article focuses on the analysis of the moderating effect of the interaction between the usual sources of care and the local contexts on the appreciation of the experience of care based on vulnerabilities. The main finding is that usual sources of care are not associated with the same appreciation of the experience of care in all the local contexts for culturally vulnerable persons. However, they have a less frequent positive appreciation when they use the professional contact and integrated coordination models or the community model in the deprived-dependent or affluent-trader context. This study shows that vulnerable people favor solo practice and that the abundance of resources at the local level does not guarantee a better appreciation of the experience of care. The interdependence of individual, organizational, and contextual factors must be considered to better understand the appreciation of the experience of care.
12

An investigation into key interventions to promote rural-urban interface in Gauteng: a case study of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality

Manganyi, Tirhane Alinah 30 June 2006 (has links)
The importance of developing the rural and urban areas in an integrated manner is a fact that can no longer be ignored by not only the proponents of the development planning approach, but by all the governments in the developing world. The long history of separate development has left scars on the planning system in South Africa, and this poses serious challenges to the new democratic state, particularly the local government sphere that has to ensure redress of the previous imbalances and inequalities. Through democratic local governance and active community participation in the development of rural and urban areas, some of the fruit of integrated development planning can be realised. The Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality case study shows that there is an interface between the rural and urban areas. The methodology employed enabled a more comprehensive analysis of the key areas where the rural and urban areas interface as well as the interventions that could foster the interaction between rural and urban areas. Although the development of rural and urban areas should be prioritised, developing the rural areas is perceived to be more urgent due to their history of underdevelopment during the apartheid era. Therefore development initiatives should be guided by the local context as well as the actual needs identified by communities. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)
13

An investigation into key interventions to promote rural-urban interface in Gauteng: a case study of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality

Manganyi, Tirhane Alinah 30 June 2006 (has links)
The importance of developing the rural and urban areas in an integrated manner is a fact that can no longer be ignored by not only the proponents of the development planning approach, but by all the governments in the developing world. The long history of separate development has left scars on the planning system in South Africa, and this poses serious challenges to the new democratic state, particularly the local government sphere that has to ensure redress of the previous imbalances and inequalities. Through democratic local governance and active community participation in the development of rural and urban areas, some of the fruit of integrated development planning can be realised. The Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality case study shows that there is an interface between the rural and urban areas. The methodology employed enabled a more comprehensive analysis of the key areas where the rural and urban areas interface as well as the interventions that could foster the interaction between rural and urban areas. Although the development of rural and urban areas should be prioritised, developing the rural areas is perceived to be more urgent due to their history of underdevelopment during the apartheid era. Therefore development initiatives should be guided by the local context as well as the actual needs identified by communities. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

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