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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-09-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:22:48Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moraes_cr_dr_rcla.pdf: 3736090 bytes, checksum: bff4869f93df679fa3b0a827a8a642f5 (MD5) / Pretendemos mostrar o desenvolvimento da lógica matemática no Brasil focando principalmente nos sessenta anos iniciais do século XX apresentando obras e estudiosos que contribuíram para a consolidação e o desenvolvimento da lógica como um campo de pesquisa no Brasil. Abordaremos três obras que acreditamos serem relevantes na história da lógica no Brasil: As Ideas Fundamentaes da Matemática, de Manuel Amoroso Costa, publicada em 1929; Elementos de Lógica Matemática, de Vicente Ferreira da Silva, publicada em 1940 e O Sentido da Nova Lógica, de Willian Van Orman Quine, publicada em 1944. A lógica apresenta um salto qualitativo a partir do final dos anos 50, quando dois centros se destacam: um na Universidade de São Paulo (USP), em São Paulo, com o Prof. Edison Farah e outro na antiga Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, no Rio de Janeiro. Neste trabalho, dedicaremos especial atenção aos pioneiros do grupo de São Paulo, que, no final da década de 50 reuniam-se sob a liderança do Prof. Edison Farah em um grupo de estudiosos de lógica e fundamentos da matemática do qual fizeram parte os professores Benedito Castrucci, Newton Carneiro Affonso da Costa, Mario Tourasse Teixeira e Leonidas Hegenberg que se reuniam em seminários no Departamento de Matemática da Universidade de São Paulo. / We intend to present the development of mathematical logic in Brazil focusing mainly in the first six decades of the twenty century, presenting studies and researchers who contributed to consolidate and develop the logic as a field of research in Brazil. We will discuss about three books we believe that are more relevant in the History of Logic in Brazil: As Ideas Fundamentais da Matemática, by Manuel Amoroso Costa, published in 1929; Elementos de Lógica Matemática, by Vicente Ferreira da Silva, published in 1940; and O Sentido da Nova Lógica, by Willian Van Orman Quine, published in 1944. The logic presents a qualitative upgrade by the end of the fifties, when two centers obtain a great highlight: one at University of Sao Paulo (USP), in Sao Paulo city, with Professor Edison Farah and the other one at the former National Faculty of Philosophy, in Rio de Janeiro city. In the present study, we will pay special attention to the pioneers of the Sao Paulo group that, in the end of the fifty decade, upon the leadership of Professor Edison Farah, organized a group of researchers in logic and fundamentals of mathematics. Professors Benedito Castrucci, Newton Carneiro Affonso da Costa, Mario Tourasse Teixeira, and Leonidas Hegenberg took part of this group that used to have their meetings and seminars in the Department of Mathematics at University of Sao Paulo.

Orientador: Sergio Roberto Nobre / Banca: Rosa Lucia Sverzut Baroni / Banca: Maria Terezinha Jesus Gaspar / Banca: Antonio Sérgio Cobianchi / Banca: Marcos Vieira Teixeira / Resumo: Pretendemos mostrar o desenvolvimento da lógica matemática no Brasil focando principalmente nos sessenta anos iniciais do século XX apresentando obras e estudiosos que contribuíram para a consolidação e o desenvolvimento da lógica como um campo de pesquisa no Brasil. Abordaremos três obras que acreditamos serem relevantes na história da lógica no Brasil: As Ideas Fundamentaes da Matemática, de Manuel Amoroso Costa, publicada em 1929; Elementos de Lógica Matemática, de Vicente Ferreira da Silva, publicada em 1940 e O Sentido da Nova Lógica, de Willian Van Orman Quine, publicada em 1944. A lógica apresenta um salto qualitativo a partir do final dos anos 50, quando dois centros se destacam: um na Universidade de São Paulo (USP), em São Paulo, com o Prof. Edison Farah e outro na antiga Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, no Rio de Janeiro. Neste trabalho, dedicaremos especial atenção aos pioneiros do grupo de São Paulo, que, no final da década de 50 reuniam-se sob a liderança do Prof. Edison Farah em um grupo de estudiosos de lógica e fundamentos da matemática do qual fizeram parte os professores Benedito Castrucci, Newton Carneiro Affonso da Costa, Mario Tourasse Teixeira e Leonidas Hegenberg que se reuniam em seminários no Departamento de Matemática da Universidade de São Paulo. / Abstract: We intend to present the development of mathematical logic in Brazil focusing mainly in the first six decades of the twenty century, presenting studies and researchers who contributed to consolidate and develop the logic as a field of research in Brazil. We will discuss about three books we believe that are more relevant in the History of Logic in Brazil: As Ideas Fundamentais da Matemática, by Manuel Amoroso Costa, published in 1929; Elementos de Lógica Matemática, by Vicente Ferreira da Silva, published in 1940; and O Sentido da Nova Lógica, by Willian Van Orman Quine, published in 1944. The logic presents a qualitative upgrade by the end of the fifties, when two centers obtain a great highlight: one at University of Sao Paulo (USP), in Sao Paulo city, with Professor Edison Farah and the other one at the former National Faculty of Philosophy, in Rio de Janeiro city. In the present study, we will pay special attention to the pioneers of the Sao Paulo group that, in the end of the fifty decade, upon the leadership of Professor Edison Farah, organized a group of researchers in logic and fundamentals of mathematics. Professors Benedito Castrucci, Newton Carneiro Affonso da Costa, Mario Tourasse Teixeira, and Leonidas Hegenberg took part of this group that used to have their meetings and seminars in the Department of Mathematics at University of Sao Paulo. / Doutor

Frege wanted to show that arithmetical truths are logical by proving them from purely logical basic laws. But how do we know that these basic laws are logical? Frege uses generality and undeniability to make a prima facie case for logicality—if a truth is general and undeniable, then it's likely logical. I argue that Frege could, did, and had to make a deeper case for why we're right in recognizing his basic laws as logical. Implicit in his work is a view of logical laws as epistemically analytic—his arguments for his basic laws serve to elicit a reflective awareness of the fact that understanding them is sufficient for recognizing them to be true. This view both fits with Frege's comments concerning the connection between logic, truth, and normativity, and serves to explain why and in what sense he took logic to be general and conceptually undeniable. In my view, semantics must play a distinctive role in any rational reconstruction of Frege's case for logicality—the aforementioned “reflective awareness” must be an explicit appreciation of how the truth of formulas expressing Frege's laws follows quickly from his stipulations governing terms which figure in those formulas. Opposing this view is the elucidatory interpretation of Thomas Ricketts, Warren Goldfarb, and Joan Weiner, which holds that Frege's arguments for his basic laws can't be taken at face value, and must serve the merely elucidatory purpose of easing us into the language. Another reading is the correctness interpretation of Richard Heck and Jason Stanley, which holds that Frege's primary purpose in his arguments is justifying the claim that Frege's axioms, qua formulas, are true. I argue against both of these interpretations, and in doing so clarify the role and limits of semantics in Frege's enterprise.

Orientador: Itala Maria Loffredo D'Ottaviano / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T07:00:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gomes_EvandroLuis_D.pdf: 65179990 bytes, checksum: eb0820af0f1fcdc2d6afcfdea584cfe4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A instauração da lógica paraconsistente, o levantamento e a descrição de seus antecedentes históricos, bem como a análise de seus fundamentos filosóficos são aqui apresentados sob a ótica da historiografia contemporânea da lógica. O estádio atual da lógica paraconsistente permite historiar sua instauração e, de modo quase arqueológico, reconstituir a pré-história dessa abordagem e de suas esquematizações lógico-teóricas. Estudamos, particularmente, os efeitos da contradição em contextos racionais e os instrumentos lógico-teóricos de sua contenção, manuseio ou assimilação. Formas de paraconsistência lato e stricto sensu são estabelecidas à medida em que o ex falso, lei lógica que sustém que qualquer fórmula se segue de uma inconsistência formal, se verifica ou não é válida, em teorias e contextos racionais nos quais vigorem, por exemplo, a lógica clássica ou intuicionista. Tal lei lógica não vale nas teorias paraconsistentes, que podem conter inconsistências sem que sejam triviais. Consideramos textos, contextos e marcos do ponto de vista analítico, descritivo e histórico a fim de desvelar as formas de cultivo dessa abordagem. Na Parte I, historiamos a pré-história da paraconsistência. No Capítulo 1, Elementos lógico-paraconsistentes em autores antigos, identificamos e coligimos textos significativos para os primórdios da paraconsistência no pensamento ocidental, a partir dos quais delineamos uma interpretação que vincula elementos paraconsistentes às realizações teóricas de Heráclito de Éfeso, Aristóteles e os estoicos. No Capítulo 2, Elementos lógico-paraconsistentes em autores medievais, estudamos a maturação dos elementos relativos à abordagem da contradição no pensamento racional, herdados, em parte, do período anterior; há fundamentos paraconsistentes em autores como Pedro Abelardo, Pedro Hispano e Guilherme de Ockham, que por sua própria elaboração, elevaram tais elementos à sofisticação daqueles encontrados na polêmica acerca da admissibilidade ou não do ex falso. Na Parte II, historiamos a paraconsistência stricto sensu propriamente dita e seu prelúdio. Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital. / Abstract: The establishment of paraconsistent logic, the quest for and the description of its historical background, as well as the analysis of their philosophical foundations are here presented by the way of contemporary historiography of logic. Nowadays paraconsistent logic stage of development allows writing the history of its instauration and, in a quite archeological way, to rebuilt the prehistory of this approach and their theoretical schemata. We specially study contradiction effects over rational contexts and the logical and theoretical tools for its suppression, handling or absorption. Broad and strict paraconsistency are also confirmed by the level of refusal of the ex falso. Such logical law affirms that every formula follows from a formal inconsistency and, it is related to the formal trivialization of the theories if underlying logic involved were, for instance, classical or intuitionist. In paraconsistent theories, on the other hand, ex falso does not hold in general. Such theories can be inconsistent but being not trivial. We consider texts, contexts and historical marks from analytical, descriptive and historical point of views in order to understand its formation chains. In Part I, we tell the history of the antecedents of paraconsistent approach. In Chapter 1, Paraconsistent logical elements in ancient authors, we identify and gather meaningful texts to the prehistory of paraconsistency in Western thought. From those elements, we outline an interpretation that matches paraconsistent elements to the theoretical achievements of Heraclitus of Ephesus, Aristotle and by the Stoics. In Chapter 2, Paraconsistent logical elements in medieval authors, we study the growing process concerning handling with contradiction in the rational thought, most of them inspired in the treatment of the issue in the former tradition. There are paraconsistent ground, for instance, in the work of Peter Abelard, Peter of Spain and William of Ockham. Such authors, by their own effort, could arise such elements into sophisticated arguments found in their discussion if ex falso is or not admissible. In Part II, we have the history of strict paraconsistent positions properly said and its prelude. Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document / Doutorado / Filosofia / Doutor em Filosofia

This PhD dissertation surveys the development of the concept and the academic discipline of mathematical logic in the transitional period between late Republican and early socialist China. Providing a contrastive analysis of the main developmental aspects of its conceptual variegations, its institutional life and research-related development, this dissertation focusses on the main continuities and discontinuities between these two important periods of its existence in the period of China's modernisation. The main analytical apparatus of this treatise is divided into two main parts. The first part outlines the main developmental milestones in research and teaching of mathematical logic in Chinese academic community in the late Republican period (1930-1949). Its main focus lies on the establishment of mathematical logic as a philosophical discipline in framework of the "Qinghua School of Logic" at National Qinghua University, on the one side, and the beginnings of Chinese mathematicians' research in mathematical logic in the early 1930s, on the other. The second part, on the other hand, closely examines the main three aspects of change which the idea and discipline of mathematical logic underwent in the first decade after the founding of the People's Republic (PRC): from its unique role in Chinese...