Abstract In Taiwan, long-line fishing has been the major technique in fishery. With the enhancement of fishing techniques, the fishing zone of Taiwan has spread all over three of World Oceans, and Taiwan has been regarded as one of five largest pelagic fishing countries. Pelagic long-line fishery plays a crucial role in economic development in Taiwan. In recent years, the fishery environments, whether in domestic or foreign fishing zone, have been dramatically changing. Since the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea has been resulted, all of coastal nations have subsequently set up the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) or marine economic development zone, which is stretched out 200 nautical miles from a nation¡¦s coast. However, the establishment of marine economic development zone also brings about the high seas¡¦ largely shrinking. Since the past, the increasing extinction of fish species is mainly resulted from illegal fishing techniques, fishing in the fishing-prohibited zone or during the prohibited period, catching fingerlings and using illegitimate fishing gear. Under such a decreasing fishing circumstance, those Taiwanese long-line fishing vessels under 100 tonnes, mostly fishing in the South Pacific Ocean, are struggling with many changes, such as international fishing limitation, the fishing vessels decreasing policy, the diminishing amount of fish caused by climate changes, the raising oil price and cost. Respecting the situation that most of long-line fishing vessels are managed by ship owners instead of fishery companies, and the fishing-related records are too scarce to provide for reference, this research will explore how the 100-tonne-under long-line fishing vessels owners can manage their business in South Pacific Ocean. All information in this study is acquired from Fisheries Agency in Taiwan and interviews with long-line fishing vessels owners. The questions asked in those interviews mainly target fishing benefit, cost, method of supplies, and the policy on captain and crew management. Based on the analysis of those cases mentioned above, we can figure out the practical operation and management of the 100-tonne-under long-line fishing vessels owners in Taiwan. Furthermore, this study also points out current difficulties in fishery management, providing for those vessels owners as the crucial reference of increasing competitive advantages. Keywords: Long-Line Fishing, South Pacific Ocean, Business Management, Yellowfin Tuna, Cost-Benefit Analysis

Traditionally, it is commonly believe that the marine fish stock is renewable and inexhaustible. However, following a dramatic progress of fishing technology, it is proved that the unregulated fishing activity would cause the resource stock deteriorated. It is a necessary evil to design a management procedure, which implements an annual fishing quota system in order to maintain the sustainability of the fish resource. In the most recent years, sudden implementation quota restrictions in many international commissions for management and conservation of marine mammal and fish had posted a challenge to the fishing company of the Far Sea Fishery in Taiwan, which was not used to the quota regulation before. In the short run, the fishing company would react to get more quotas in any necessary ways to ensure their profitability, even though the quota is not obtained in a regular way. Five conservation commissions in the three oceans for the conservation of Tuna and Tuna-like Species have been established. International Commission for the Conversation of Atlantic Tuna (ICCAT) is the organization of Atlantic. Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission¡]WCPFC¡^and Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission¡]IATTC¡^is the organization of Pacific. The organization of Indian Ocean is Indian Ocean Tuna Commission¡]IOTC¡^which is a sub-organization of FAO(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna¡]CCSBT¡^is a organization covering three oceans. Three commissions have implemented annual quota among the five. In recent year, the quantity of our fishing vessels have overtaken Japan and become the top rank of the Deep Sea Longline Fishing country in the world. Though there are still 2 commissions do not implement quota restriction, it is believed to be implemented soon. When the quota restriction is implemented by all the commissions, the fishing company can not get additional quota any more, then it will be very difficult to operate by a normal way. In order to avoid the serious influence of insufficient quota, the operating strategy must be made as soon as possibly. First of all, the basic concept of the Ultra Low Temperature Longline Fishery is introduced. Then the background and quota condition of the five tuna fish conservation commissions will be mentioned, especially the Indian Ocean will be discussed with more details. The case of fishing company will be taken as an example for the research. Except the detailed analysis of the case, some related good management will be considered also. A suggestion how to adjust the operation to facing the insufficiency of quota will be proposed as a reference. Keyword¡GTuna, Tuna Conservation, Tuna Long Line Fishing, Tuna Quota, SWOT Analysis, Fishery Management Strategy