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Implementing environmental policy requirements in low-cost housing in South Africa : a case study of Msunduzi Municipality.Karemera, Pascal. January 2007 (has links)
In 1994, the South African government set in place an ambitious plan to reduce the housing backlog and eradicate slums by 2012. The delivery of housing is subject to the South African National Environmental Management Act of 1998 that seeks to ensure sustainable resources use towards sustainable development of all activities. However, the question is whether or not reality matches the policy’s vision. One concern which arises is that the high demand for housing and the speed with which delivery of low-cost housing is occurring may compromise the environment. This study examines the challenges of implementing environmental policy requirements in low-cost-housing, using the case study of Ambleton in the Msunduzi Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In attempting to assess the challenges of implementing environmental management policy requirements of the housing policy of 1994 and NEMA of 1998, four key challenges were identified: understanding environmental policy requirements, institutionalising capacity and cooperation, resolving conflict of values among stakeholders, and recognising budget constraints. The key participants in the study were officials from the provincial departments of Housing and the Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs, Msunduzi Municipal officials who implement the policy, including the Ward Councillor of Ambleton and the Service Provider. The methodology used to gather data was observation, in-depth interviews, and document review. It was revealed in the study that the understanding of policy requirements amongst key stakeholders is limited and that the institutional capacity is limited in terms of skills, coordination, and physical capacity. Different priorities of stakeholders play a major role in budget and priority setting by government, which affect the implementation of environmental policy requirements. It was pointed out by municipal staff that there is a shortage of funds for meeting all environmental policy requirements. Also explored were possibilities for improving environmental policy implementation. These include making environmental policy requirements in housing and NEMA more explicit to enhance stakeholders’ understanding, and enforcing compliance by environmental monitoring and audits. There is also a need for increased capacity building as well as improving coordination for better implementation of environmental policy requirements in low-cost housing. / Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2007.
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The rise of the Phoenix or an Achilles heel? : Breaking New Ground's impact on urban sustainability and integrationSmith, Tarryn Nicole Kennedy 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA (Geography and Environmental Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In 2004, the then Department of Housing’s Breaking New Ground (BNG) policy introduced a compilation
of principles that underlie a sustainable human settlement. The principles were aimed at guiding, amongst
others, municipal officials in the decisions they take when faced with a housing development project. This
thesis will set out to determine how municipal officials have taken up BNG’s principles for sustainable
housing settlements as well as the perceptions, methods of implementation and degree of acceptance that
housing and town planning managers have of BNG. In the study, the perceived relevance that these
managers have of BNG within their non-metropolitan towns is explored using five of the fifteen leader
towns of the Western Cape Province. This research has shown that BNG considers the compact urban form,
coupled to other development considerations, as the most sustainable for South Africa. In terms of building
sustainable human settlements: the low-income housing unit has evolved substantially since its conception,
and that the current unit is held in far higher regard (by both municipalities and beneficiaries) than its
predecessors. The design of this unit remains standardised due to a lack of funding for a more flexible
design, but its structure allows for additions to be made at the cost of the beneficiary. Funding thus remains
a major constraint to housing delivery. Municipalities feel that they are able to implement BNG, but that
there are certain shortcomings in the document which prevent its full implementation. One of these
shortcomings is the lack of an external funding mechanism for housing delivery, proposed in BNG, but
never having materialised. Further, BNG focuses more on the metropolitan scenario and is not always
relevant to non-metropolitan towns. Almost all of the municipalities have initiated inner city regeneration
projects, but fewer have included the provision of social housing as part of their inner city rejuvenation.
Subsidy housing is the most implemented housing typology, but these units often experience decay due to
the absence of original owners who have (mostly illegally) sold or rented out their units. The one-erf-one-unit
nature of subsidy housing is not seen as sustainable owing to space limitation experienced by most of
the municipalities interviewed. Contrary to earlier research, in situ upgrading is a common occurrence in
municipalities. However, there is a great need for stronger regional (or broader scale) planning regarding
housing delivery. Low-income housing is strongly influenced by politics – a fact which municipalities say
negatively influences housing delivery. Migration also poses a serious threat to municipal backlogs.
Currently, the fight against an escalating demand for low-cost housing is a losing battle as the rate at which
government is rolling out housing is vastly ineffectual. Municipalities deem that large-scale projects like the
N2 Gateway might be a solution to their housing backlogs which, they concur, are at crisis point. However,
municipalities indicated that their implementation of large scale projects will not follow the same path as
the N2 Gateway – the planning of which is seen to be substandard. Currently, urban integration takes place
on an income basis and not due to racial division. Inclusionary housing is seen as a relevant tool for the
promotion of integration, but cannot be enforced to its full potential due to a lack of supporting legislation.
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An investigation of the causes of the housing backlog in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality: 2000 - 2014Soga, Ludwe Sydwell January 2017 (has links)
The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of the housing backlog in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality from 2000 to 2014. Fifty participants which were two ward councilors and two PR councilors, four community development members, four ward committee members , twenty backyard dwellers from ward 17 and ward 18 and eighteen senior officials (project managers) from the Department of Human Settlement in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality were purposively sampled for the study. A qualitative design was used. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect data to enable the researcher to ask open ended questions and explore the participants’ perspectives about the causes of housing backlog. The study revealed that the factors which are playing a role in this regard include the role played by the Eastern Cape Province in housing, the large portion of land which is privately owned, beneficiary management by municipal officials and political interference on the waiting list Metropolitan subsequently, recommendations for further research were made.
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