by Chan Ka Lee. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-112). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / abstract(english/chinese) --- p.iii / Contents --- p.vii / List of Tables --- p.xi / List of Figures --- p.xii / Chapter I --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter I.1 --- Gastric Lymphoma --- p.1 / Chapter I.1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter I.1.2 --- Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue --- p.2 / Chapter I.1.3 --- Classification of Primary Gastric Lymphomas --- p.3 / Chapter I.1.3.1 --- Mucosa-Associated Lymphooid Tissue Type Lymphomas --- p.3 / Chapter I.1.3.2 --- High Grade Primary Gastric Lymphomas --- p.5 / Chapter I.1.3.3 --- Other Gastric Lymphomas --- p.7 / Chapter I.2 --- Helicobater Pylori --- p.8 / Chapter I.3 --- Epstein-Barr Virus --- p.9 / Chapter I.3.1 --- Epidemiology --- p.9 / Chapter I.3.2 --- Virus and Genome Structure --- p.9 / Chapter I.3.3 --- Latent Infection --- p.11 / Chapter I.3.4 --- Latent Membrane Protein-1 --- p.12 / Chapter I.3.5 --- "EBV-Encoded, Small Non-polydenylated RNAs (EBERs)" --- p.13 / Chapter I.3.6 --- Disease Associated with EBV --- p.13 / Chapter I.3.7 --- EBV and PGL --- p.14 / Chapter I.4 --- Genetic Alterations --- p.15 / Chapter I.4.1 --- Background --- p.15 / Chapter I.4.2 --- Tumor Suppressor Genes (TSGs) --- p.16 / Chapter I.4.2.1 --- Origin and Structure of p53 Gene and Protein --- p.16 / Chapter I.4.2.2 --- Functions of p53 Gene --- p.18 / Chapter I.4.2.3 --- Inactivation Mechanisms of p53 --- p.21 / Chapter I.4.2.4 --- p53 Mutations and Protein Expression in NHLs --- p.24 / Chapter I.4.3 --- Oncogene --- p.25 / Chapter I.4.3.1 --- Bcl-2 --- p.25 / Chapter I.4.3.2 --- Other Oncogenes --- p.27 / Chapter II --- OBJECTIVES OF STUD Y --- p.30 / Chapter III --- ma terials and methods --- p.31 / Chapter III.1 --- Materials --- p.31 / Chapter III.2 --- Detection of EB V Latent Gene Product by In-situ Hybridization --- p.33 / Chapter III.2.1 --- Pretreatment of Paraffin-embedded Tissues and Apparatus --- p.33 / Chapter III.2.2 --- In-situ Hybridization of EBERs --- p.34 / Chapter III.3 --- Detection of p53 and bcl-2 and LMP-1 Protein Expression by Immunohisiochemistry --- p.35 / Chapter III.4 --- Microdissection of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Tissues --- p.37 / Chapter III.5 --- Extraction of Genomic DNA from Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Tissues --- p.38 / Chapter III.5.1 --- Phenol / Chloroform Extraction --- p.38 / Chapter III.5.2 --- Commercially Available DNA Extraction Kit --- p.40 / Chapter III.6 --- Mutational Analysis p53 --- p.41 / Chapter III.6.1 --- Polymerase Chain Reaction - Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) Analysis --- p.41 / Chapter III.6.1.1 --- PCR primers --- p.41 / Chapter III.6.1.2 --- PCR Amplification ofp53 gene --- p.42 / Chapter III.6.1.3 --- Non-denaturing Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.42 / Chapter III.6.2 --- DNA Sequencing Analysis --- p.44 / Chapter III.6.2.1 --- Purification of DNA from Shifts on Non-denaturing Gels --- p.44 / Chapter III.6.2.2 --- 5' end Labeling of Primer --- p.45 / Chapter III.6.2.3 --- Cycle Sequencing --- p.45 / Chapter III.6.2.4 --- Denaturing Gel Electrophoresis --- p.46 / Chapter III.7 --- Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) Analysis on Chromosome 17p --- p.47 / Chapter III.7.1 --- Microsatellite Markers --- p.49 / Chapter III.7.2 --- PCR Amplification of DNA Fragments Containing Polymorphic Microsatellites --- p.49 / Chapter III.7.3 --- Denaturing Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.50 / Chapter III.7.4 --- Determination of Allelic Abnormalities --- p.51 / Chapter III. 8 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.52 / Chapter IV --- results --- p.53 / Chapter IV.1 --- Association with Helicobactor Pylori (HP) --- p.53 / Chapter IV.2 --- Detection of EBERs by ISH --- p.53 / Chapter IV.3 --- Immunohistochemical Analysis --- p.54 / Chapter IV.3.1 --- Protein Expression of EBV LMP-1 --- p.54 / Chapter IV.3.2 --- Protein Expression of p53 --- p.54 / Chapter IV.3.3 --- Protein Expression of bcl-2 --- p.55 / Chapter IV.3.4 --- Correlation between p53 and bcl-2 Protein Expression --- p.55 / Chapter IV.4 --- Mutational Analysis of p53 --- p.56 / Chapter IV.5 --- LOH Analysis on Chromosome 17p --- p.57 / Chapter V --- DISCUSSION --- p.58 / Chapter V.1 --- Helicobactor Pylori Association --- p.58 / Chapter V.2 --- Association with EE V --- p.60 / Chapter V.3 --- Protein Expression of p53 and bcl-2 --- p.61 / Chapter V.3.1 --- p53 --- p.61 / Chapter V.3.2 --- Bcl-2 --- p.62 / Chapter V.3.3 --- Correlation between p53 and bcl-2 Expression --- p.63 / Chapter V.4 --- p53 Gene Molecular Analysis --- p.65 / Chapter V.5 --- Distribution of Mutations and Molecular Fingerprinting --- p.67 / Chapter V.6 --- Possible Role of p53 Mutation in EBV+ Gastric Lymphomas --- p.69 / ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.71 / references --- p.94