Conclusions The objective of work was to describe in this forecasting target a future development of municipal waste management system in the CR by 2015 (2020), find out the most important factors and describe possible risks of the development thereof. Moreover, the partial objective was to specify instruments for the elimination of possible risks and propose measures for the implementation of relevant instruments. The future development of municipal waste industry in the CR is predetermined by the development of the Czech economics and environmental legislation. When considering cohesion of economics of the CR and EU countries the prognosis subject is connected with the condition of European economy in a near future, and with the process and results of laying down the European directives relevant to waste management. A result of the forecasting work is the ascertainment that serious problems are to be awaited by 2015 with reference to the predicted development of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of household (municipal) waste, requirements of legal regulations in the area of recycling and recovery of packaging waste, regulation and reduction of landfilling of waste, and restriction of energetic recovery of municipal waste declared by the Government. One of the most decisive measures for the...

Main objective of the work was to design and construct a model biodrying reactor and to try out two aeration regimes. Additional objective was to asses usability of the process for Czech waste. Model reactor was successfully designed, constructed and put into operation. Two different aeration regimes were examined: regime controlled by oxygen concentration and regime controlled by temperature in upper layer of the reactor. Better results in light of net calorific value and moisture elimination had regimes controlled by temperature in upper layer of the reactor. In light of energy budget regime controlled by oxygen concentration n. 2 performed better. Results strongly depend on composition of waste (organic fraction content) and ambient air moisture. On the basis of these results new interesting questions arise. Czech waste is energetically usable for processing by biodrying. From economic point of view insufficiency of market for produced fuel is a main problem.

Objective knowledge about quantity, composition and physicochemical characteristics of municipal solid waste (MSW) in the Czech Republic will form the basis for decision- making when considering processing facilities or regional waste management systems. As the country continues to streamline its legislation to the European Union's solid waste mandates, the results of these studies were employed by the Czech Ministry of Environment to optimise the national waste management strategy. This doctoral thesis focuses on the composition of MSW, primarily the mixed MSW from three types of households in the Czech Republic (urban, mixed and rural) differentiated by their heating methods and possibility of waste disposal. The respective experimental work and data-collection took place in years 2008 and 2009. Methodology used in the analyses is based on the sieve analysis of mixed MSW within predetermined grain size fraction and on the final manual sorting of the waste by material categories. The physicochemical characteristics were measured according to the standard analysis methods. The composition of mixed MSW in urban and mixed households are similar. Some of the biggest differences were found in the quantities of certain subsample categories, especially fine fraction (matter smaller than 8 mm), between...