The present work has as its primary objective to characterize the pluviometric system in the state of Sergipe and evaluate the applicability of the artificial neural networks in the process of fulfilling malfunctions in the historical series of pluvimetric data. It is intended, with this work, to socialize the technical knowledge about the existing system in the state and present to the users data of precipitation, a possible tool for the treatment of this information. To characterize the pluviometric system in the state of Sergipe, interviews were carried in public organizations, at the state and federal level, that have pluviometric posts or stations in Sergipe, aiming at identifying the profile of the people responsible for the stations; the structure of the network; and the process of monitoring and validating the precipitation data. To evaluate the functioning of the neural networks when the failures were fulfilled, three experiments were carried out, varying the structure of the created system. The results of the research reveal that Sergipe has a pluviometric system with good density, but poor distribution of stations. Also, a considerable number of stations today are inactive, and amongst the ones that are active, the great majority is conventional, and models that do not meet the recommendations of the World Meteorology Organization. This points out the urgent need to restructure the pluviometric system in the state. It has also been discovered that failures in the process of collection and transmission of data generate innumerous problems and inconsistence in the data of historical series of pluviometric data. About the applicability of the neural network to overcome the last problem, the experiments showed that the neural systems are able to generate satisfactory results. Nevertheless, there is some difficulty to obtain the values with precision, because the series of pluviometric data are not obtained with regularity, which implies in problems to recognize a specific pattern. Whereas researchers aim at consistent and precise data, this technique should not be disregarded, but improved and utilized after the pre-treatment of the data through simpler models. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar a rede pluviométrica do Estado de Sergipe e avaliar a aplicabilidade das redes neurais artificiais no preenchimento de falhas nas séries históricas de dados pluviométricos. Pretende-se, com este trabalho, socializar os conhecimentos técnicos sobre a rede existente no Estado e apresentar aos usuários dos dados de precipitação uma possível ferramenta voltada ao tratamento desses dados. Para caracterizar a rede pluviométrica do Estado, foram realizadas entrevistas nas entidades públicas, estaduais e federais, que possuem postos ou estações pluviométricas no Estado, visando identificar o perfil das pessoas responsáveis pelas estações; a estrutura da rede; e o processo de monitoramento e validação dos dados de precipitação. E, para avaliar o comportamento das redes neurais, quando aplicadas ao preenchimento de falhas, foram realizados 03 experimentos, variando a estrutura da rede criada. Os resultados da pesquisa revelam que Sergipe possui uma rede pluviométrica com boa densidade, mas com má distribuição das estações. Além disso, um número significativo de estações estão atualmente desativadas e dentre as que estão em funcionamento, a grande maioria é do tipo convencional e de modelos que não atendem às recomendações da Organização Mundial de Meteorologia OMM. O que mostra a urgente necessidade de reestuturação da rede pluviométrica do Estado. Constatou-se também que as falhas no processo de coleta e transmissão dos dados geram inúmeros problemas de inconsistência de dados e lacunas nas séries históricas de dados pluviométricos. Quanto à aplicabilidade das redes neurais para solucionar este último problema, os experimentos mostraram que as redes neurais conseguem gerar resultados satisfatórios. Porém, com certa dificuldade de obter valores com precisão, pois as séries de dados pluviométricos não apresentarem muita regularidade, dificultando o reconhecimento de uma lógica ou de um padrão. No entanto, embora o que se almeje sejam dados consistentes e precisos, esta técnica não deve ser descartada, mas sim aprimorada e utilizada após o prétratamento dos dados através de modelos mais simples.

Refusant l’image trop souvent négative de certaines composantes de la ville, l’on est convaincu de trouver des solutions pour la ville nouvelle de Tamansourte. Cette recherche montre qu’il est possible de gérer la ville autrement, à l’aide d’outils appropriés en proposant de nouvelles réformes.S’appuyant sur des éléments de référence, c’est-à-dire des récits d’acteurs de l’acte d’aménager, cette recherche propose des pistes de réflexion relatives à la construction d’un nouveau projet de transformation sociale pour une nouvelle politique de la ville. La solution pour une ville comme Marrakech réside certainement dans un compromis entre plusieurs formes urbaines, compromis qui doit tenir compte des spécificités historiques, morphologiques et culturelles de la cité, servant de fondement à une éventuelle politique de la ville. Pour la ville nouvelle de Tamansourte, le constat négatif est facile à démontrer, car à travers la visite des lieux, plusieurs phénomènes montrent la faible fréquentation de la cité doublée d’une animation commerciale timide. Une étude de "requalification urbaine" est à mettre en place d’urgence pour permettre à cette ville nouvelle une dynamisation des activités commerciales et des échanges fructueux entre les différents acteurs de la cité qui fonderont demain la vitalité de cette nouvelle ville. / Refusing the image most oftenly negative of certain parts of urban agglemerations, we are convinced to have found viable solutions for the new town of Tamansourte. This research shows that it is possible to do town planing in a whole new way, by proposing new reforms.Based on references such as feedback and narratives from the actors of the urban layout, this research proposes directions for reflection concerning the construction of a new social transformation project for a new town planning policy. The solution for a city like Marrakesh most certainly resides in a compromise between several urban forms, taking into account historical, morphological and cultural specificites and serving eventually as a basis for city policies. As far the new town of Tamansourte is concerned, the balance sheet is in the negative, easily understandable by a simple visit of the premises where several obvious factors demonstrate the scarcity of the population toghether with a feeble commercial activity. An « urban re-qualification » study is to be done urgently for this new town to be commercially, economically dynamised and permitting fruitful exchanges between all the actors of the township-thus founding a new era of vitality for this new town.

This diploma thesis deals with psychological well-being of children placed in specific educational care centre with boarding service. The theoretical part aims to summarize comprehensive review of problems of children placed in this type of facility. It describes reasons for children being placed into educational care center. It charakterizes children and youth in difficult situations, it focuses on the specifics of the crisis of children and adolescents and describes atmosphere of educational institutions. It also deals with psychological well- being phenomena and its research. Empirical part aims to explore the area of psychological well-being of children placed in the educational care center with boarding service. In order to gain the necessary data were organized interviews with children in this particular facility. As a complementary research method was used content analysis of documentation of clients of educational care center. Based on the interviews it was found that children in educational care center relate their subjective feeling of well-being generally with usual factors but they also show evidence of other factors specific for this group. Their psychological well-being in the educational care center is shaped significantly by relationships with other clients as well as with...